scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Seven Reproductive Diseases in Beef and Dairy Cows from Three Provinces in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Didik Tulus Subekti ◽  
Mira Fatmawati ◽  
Arie Khoiriyah ◽  
Arum Pramesthi ◽  
Sulinawati Fong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Priority List ◽  
National Priority ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Stray Cat

Bovine reproductive diseases are endemic in Indonesia, but comprehensive information about their infectious causes is not available. Therefore, our aim for this study was to detect several infectious agents that cause reproductive diseases in Indonesian beef and dairy cows. A total of 152 cow serum samples collected by Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Brawijaya University and Veterinary Disease Investigation Centre as a part of the mandatory and regularly surveillance system from three provinces during 2019–2020 were used. The samples were then sent to Indonesian Research Centre for Veterinary Science (IRCVS) for further detection of seven reproductive diseases by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Seven reproductive diseases to be tested in parallel are neosporosis, chlamydiosis, brucellosis, Q fever, bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), and BHV-4 infection. The dominant reproductive diseases in Indonesian cows were BVD (45.69%), chlamydiosis (31.58%), IBR (20.53%), neosporosis (11.84%), and BHV-4 infection (10.53%). The seroprevalence of IBR, BHV-4 infection, neosporosis, and brucellosis varied significantly P < 0.05 between dairy and beef cattle. The most dominant reproductive diseases in aborted cows were chlamydiosis (45%), BVD (41%), and neosporosis (10%). The conclusion drawn from this study is that the dominant reproductive diseases in Indonesian cows are BVD, chlamydiosis, IBR, neosporosis, and BHV-4 infection. Chlamydiosis, BVD, and neosporosis are common among aborted cow. Chlamydiosis, neosporosis, and BHV-4 infection should be included in the national priority list in Indonesia. Control and preventive measures should be focused on high-risk areas and animals like stray cat and dog.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of major infectious causes of dairy cattle reproductive problems in central Ethiopia 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohannes Equar Messele ◽  
Gebrerufael Girmay ◽  
Bezina Arega Emeru ◽  
Shelema Kelbesa Bora ◽  
Workitu Firomsa Gudeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Combined Infection ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Reproductive problem is one of the main constraints of livestock genetic improvement efforts in tropical countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of major infectious causes of reproductive problems of dairy cattle in selected dairy farms in central Ethiopia. Overall 86 serum samples were collected from October 2018 to February 2019 from animals with history of reproductive problems. The collected serum was tested for antibody titer against Brucella species, Neospora caninum, Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Q-fever using rose-bengal and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests. Result Among the animals with the history of reproductive disordered; abortion, still birth and repeat breeding cases were found in 61.6%, 19.8% and 18.6%, respectively. The prevalence of IBR, BVD, Neospora caninum and Coxiella brunetti was found to be 79.1%, 38.4%, 3.5% and 1.2%, respectively. The combined infection of both BVD and IBR were detected in 21% of animals. Out of the total animals examined in this study, 95.9% of Jersey breeds were found seropositive to IBR than Boran-Friesian crosses (57.7%). The incidence of BVD was significantly higher in Boran-Friesian crossbred cattle than in Jersey which was found to be 69.3% and 14.3, respectively. The prevalence of IBR and BVD was directly proportional with age of the animal and parity. Conclusion Vaccination against IBR and BVD is not practiced in Ethiopia, the rising level of those diseases in dairy sector needs regular surveillance and control program.

A study of the correlation between Coxiella burnetii seropositivity and abortions in sheep in Eastern and Southeastern Turkey

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Kilic ◽  
Hakan Kalender
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Eastern Anatolia ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Bacterium ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Elisa Kit

Q fever is a zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide and is caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Infected animals are usually asymptomatic, but infection can cause abortion and stillbirth in ruminants. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate prevalance of Coxiella burnetii infection in aborted and nonaborted sheep serum samples in Eastern Anatolia region by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The determine of prevalance in sheep flocks from four provinces (Elazig, Malatya, Tunceli, Bitlis) and tested for anti-C.burnetii antibody detection, by means of Chekit Q fever Elisa kit. 350 serum samples obtained from flocks belonging aborted sheep showed that a total of 56 (16%) were detected seropositivity, whereas 171 serum samples obtained from nonaborted sheep flocks in 13 of the 171 (7.60%) for C.burnetii in seropositivity were observed. Coxiellosis should be considered an important cause of sheep with abortion history and nonaborted in Elazig and neighboring provinces.

scholarly journals A study of Neospora caninum antibody seroprevalence ın dairy cows in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 2018
Author(s):  
S. KASAP ◽  
S. ERTUNC ◽  
E. M. TEMIZEL ◽  
S. SENTURK
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Caninum Antibody ◽  
Intracellular Protozoan Parasite

Neospora caninum is a intracellular protozoan parasite and is one of the major causes of repeated abortions, foetal malformations, pre-term deliveries, stillbirth and possible loss of milk yield in livestock. The presence of specific antibodies against N. caninum in the blood serum of dairy cows is investigated in the present study. A total of 184 blood serum samples of dairy cows were examined in Bursa province in the Marmara Region. N. caninum antibodies were measured using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (The Svanovir Neospora-Ab ELISA). From the total sample, antibodies to N. caninum were detected in 62 of the 184 examined cows (33.3%) and neurological findings were seen in a calf.

scholarly journals Serological survey of Coxiella burnetii infections in dairy cattle, sheep, goats and zoo animals in Hungary – Short communication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Dobos ◽  
István Fodor ◽  
Gerda Kiss ◽  
Miklós Gyuranecz
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Zoo Animals

AbstractQ fever is a disease of high zoonotic potential, but interest in its causative agent is rather low although it causes some public health problems in Hungary. The prevalence of Q fever is highly variable by country. The main reservoirs of the disease are the same domestic ruminant species everywhere, but the epidemiological profile depends on the features of the specific reservoir. The aim of this large-scale study was to demonstrate the importance of Q fever in different species as a possible source for human infection in most regions of Hungary. A total of 851 serum samples from 44 dairy farms, 16 sheep flocks, 4 goat farms and 3 zoos located in different parts of Hungary were tested. The presence of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii was surveyed in dairy cattle (n = 547), goats (n = 71), sheep (n = 200) and zoo animals (n = 33). The animal species tested in Hungary showed different seroprevalence values of C. burnetii infection. Seropositivity by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was found in 258 out of 547 (47.2%) cows and in 69 out of 271 (25.5%) small ruminants, among them in 47 out of 200 (23.5%) sheep and in 22 out of 71 (31.0%) goats. Antibodies to C. burnetii were not detected in zoo animals. Seropositivity was demonstrated in 44 out of 44 (100%) dairy cattle farms, with at least one serum sample found to be positive on each farm. The seropositivity rate of small ruminant farms was 55.0% (11 positive out of 20 tested), with 9 out of 16 (56.3%) sheep flocks and 2 out of 4 (50.0%) goat herds showing seropositivity.

scholarly journals A pre- and during Pandemic Survey of Sars-Cov-2 Infection in Stray Colony and Shelter Cats from a High Endemic Area of Northern Italy

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 618
Author(s):  
Eva Spada ◽  
Fabrizio Vitale ◽  
Federica Bruno ◽  
Germano Castelli ◽  
Stefano Reale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Lombardy Region ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Stray Cat

Cats are susceptible to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Whilst a number of studies have been performed worldwide on owned cats, limited data are available on stray, colony or shelter cats. We investigated SARS-CoV-2 infection in a stray cat population before and during human outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 in cities in the Lombardy region in northern Italy, a high endemic region for SARS-CoV-2, using serological and molecular methods. A cohort of different samples were collected from 241 cats, including frozen archived serum samples from 136 cats collected before the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and serum, pharyngeal and rectal swab samples from 105 cats collected during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. All pre-pandemic samples tested seronegative for antibodies against the nucleocapsid of SARS-CoV-2 using indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, while one serum sample collected during the pandemic was seropositive. No serological cross-reactivity was detected between SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and antibodies against feline enteric (FECV) and infectious peritonitis coronavirus (FIPC), Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV), Feline Calicivirus (FCV), Feline Herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), Feline Parvovirus (FPV), Leishmania infantum, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Rickettsia spp., Toxoplasma gondii or Chlamydophila felis. No pharyngeal or rectal swab tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA on real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Our data show that SARS-CoV-2 did infect stray cats in Lombardy during the COVID-19 pandemic, but with lower prevalence than found in owned cats. This should alleviate public concerns about stray cats acting as SARS-CoV-2 carriers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Diagnostic Algorithm for Acute Q Fever in an Outbreak Setting

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 963-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mischa M. Jager ◽  
Gezina Weers-Pothoff ◽  
Mirjam H. A. Hermans ◽  
Jamie C. E. Meekelenkamp ◽  
Jeroen J. A. Schellekens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Q Fever ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Acute Q Fever ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTIn the peak of the 2009 Q fever outbreak in the Netherlands, we introduced a diagnostic algorithm for acute Q fever with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin M antibodies toCoxiella burnetiiphase II antigens (MII screen) as an initial step. Subsequently, an immunofluorescence assay or PCR was performed depending on the MII screen outcome, date of onset of disease, and inpatient or outpatient setting. The impact of MII screen on the number of immunofluorescence assays performed and the contribution of PCR to diagnosis were retrospectively evaluated in 825 patients referred in a 17-day period. Acute Q fever was diagnosed in 256 patients. The introduction of MII screen reduced the number of immunofluorescence assays performed by more than 80%. In 103 patients, PCR analysis contributed to the diagnosis of acute Q fever. Q fever diagnostics were hampered by the fact that for a high number of patients the date of onset of disease was not provided and the requested follow-up serum samples were not received.

scholarly journals Relationship between certain serum biochemical values and serostatus against Anaplasma marginale in dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1858-1861
Author(s):  
Myassar O. Alekish ◽  
Zuhair Bani Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Fatty Degeneration ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the possible association between values of certain serum biochemical parameters and seropositivity against Anaplasma marginale in dairy cows. Materials and Methods: Serum samples from 60 seropositive and 40 seronegative cows were used to determine the values of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), glucose, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) using commercially available kits and reagents. The serostatus of cows against A. marginale was determined using a commercially available cellular enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Significant differences in serum biochemical values between seropositive and seronegative groups were evaluated using independent Student's t-test. Possible associations between the serostatus of the cows and different biochemical parameters were evaluated using univariate followed by multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: There was a statistically significant increase (p≤0.05) in values of total protein, BHB, LDH, and AST in seropositive cows compared to seronegative cows while a non-significant increase in values of ALP, ALT, and GGT was detected in seropositive cows. A strong correlation (R=0.69) between serum levels of BHB, LDH, and AST and seropositivity against A. marginale was detected. Conclusion: There is evidence of a possible association between A. marginale infection and liver damage/hepatic fatty degeneration in dairy cows. Further studies, however, are required to elucidate the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of this relationship.

scholarly journals Comparison of a Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Immunofluorescence and Complement Fixation Tests for Detection of Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever) Immunoglobulin M

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Field ◽  
Jody L. Mitchell ◽  
Avelina Santiago ◽  
David J. Dickeson ◽  
Sau-Wan Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Elisa

A commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of Q fever (PanBio Coxiella burnetiiimmunoglobulin M [IgM] ELISA, QFM-200) was compared to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for C. burnetii IgM and the complement fixation test (CFT). The ELISA demonstrated 92% agreement with the reference method (IFAT), and gave a sensitivity of 99% (69 of 70 samples) and a specificity of 88% (106 of 121). Specificity can be increased with confirmation by IFAT. CFT was found to have a specificity of 90% (107 of 119), although it was lacking in sensitivity (73%; 51 of 70). No cross-reactivity was observed in the ELISA with serum samples from patients with mycoplasma (n = 6), chlamydia (n = 5), or legionella (n = 4) infections, although 2 of 5 patients with leptospirosis and 1 of 4 samples containing rheumatoid factor (RF) demonstrated positive results in the ELISA. Results indicate that the performance of the PanBio C. burnetii (Q fever) IgM ELISA (F = 187) is superior to that of CFT (F = 163), and consequently the ELISA should be a useful aid in the diagnosis of acute Q fever.

scholarly journals Use of Particle Agglutination Assay in the Diagnosis of Japanese Encephalitis and Dengue

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basu Dev Pandey ◽  
Ramesh Pun ◽  
Krishna Prasad Pant
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Agglutination Assay ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Particle Agglutination

Japanese encephalitis (JE) and dengue are vector borne viral diseases that are endemic in the territory of Nepal. The purpose of the study was to assess the disease burden and to compare the results between particle agglutination and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. A total of 185 serum samples of suspected Japanese encephalitis (JE) viral fever, dengue fever, malaria and typhoid were collected in the year 2005 (August-October) and 2006 (August- November) from hospitals of Bardiya, Banke, Dang, Kathmandu and Parsa. The samples were investigated by particle agglutination and enzyme immunoassay at Everest International Clinic and Research Centre, Kathmandu. Out of 141 samples from suspected diseased patients, 51% had a positive Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) specific immunoglobulin M by particle agglutination assay while the anti-dengue immunoglobulin M positivity rate was 22.7% among 44 samples by the same assay. The specificity of particle agglutination kit against Japanese encephalitis and dengue was high as evident from absence of cross reactivity with other diseases like malaria, typhoid, kala-azar and leptospira. Thus, particle agglutination assay can be used as a tool for diagnosis of the diseases in developing countries like Nepal. Key words: dengue virus; endemic; Japanese encephalitis; particle agglutination DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4144Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 189-192

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis from Milk Samples from Dairy Cows

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1812-1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce M. Buddle ◽  
Tania Wilson ◽  
Dongwen Luo ◽  
Hinrich Voges ◽  
Richard Linscott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Large Herd

ABSTRACTMilk samples from dairy cows provide a ready source of material for measuring antibody responses toMycobacterium bovisantigens. In this study, we evaluated the IDEXX enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the measurement of antibody responses toM. bovisantigens MPB70 and MPB83 in milk samples from New Zealand cattle. Test sensitivities for individual milk and serum samples were assessed in samples collected from 44M. bovis-infected cows, and test specificities were assessed in milk samples collected from 356 cows from tuberculosis (TB)-free herds. Milk vat samples were collected from 505 herds from regions with relatively high or low prevalences of infection. The ELISA had a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 97.5% for milk samples, and the test sensitivities for milk and serum samples were the same. Dilution of the positive test milk samples in milk from noninfected cows at 1/10, 1/20, and 1/50 dilutions reduced the proportions of positive responses to 13/21, 9/21, and 4/21, respectively. Small differences were observed in the ELISA responses of milk samples from individual TB-free cows collected at different times during lactation. No significant differences were detected in the ELISA responses of milk vat samples collected from infected and noninfected herds. This study shows that milk samples can be substituted for serum samples for screening individual cows forM. bovisinfection, and pooling of milk samples from 10 to 20 animals can result in a reduction in the sensitivity by approximately 50%. However, screening of milk vat samples is unlikely to be useful in countries with low prevalences ofM. bovisin cattle and large herd sizes.

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