scholarly journals Serological survey of Coxiella burnetii infections in dairy cattle, sheep, goats and zoo animals in Hungary – Short communication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Dobos ◽  
István Fodor ◽  
Gerda Kiss ◽  
Miklós Gyuranecz
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Zoo Animals

AbstractQ fever is a disease of high zoonotic potential, but interest in its causative agent is rather low although it causes some public health problems in Hungary. The prevalence of Q fever is highly variable by country. The main reservoirs of the disease are the same domestic ruminant species everywhere, but the epidemiological profile depends on the features of the specific reservoir. The aim of this large-scale study was to demonstrate the importance of Q fever in different species as a possible source for human infection in most regions of Hungary. A total of 851 serum samples from 44 dairy farms, 16 sheep flocks, 4 goat farms and 3 zoos located in different parts of Hungary were tested. The presence of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii was surveyed in dairy cattle (n = 547), goats (n = 71), sheep (n = 200) and zoo animals (n = 33). The animal species tested in Hungary showed different seroprevalence values of C. burnetii infection. Seropositivity by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was found in 258 out of 547 (47.2%) cows and in 69 out of 271 (25.5%) small ruminants, among them in 47 out of 200 (23.5%) sheep and in 22 out of 71 (31.0%) goats. Antibodies to C. burnetii were not detected in zoo animals. Seropositivity was demonstrated in 44 out of 44 (100%) dairy cattle farms, with at least one serum sample found to be positive on each farm. The seropositivity rate of small ruminant farms was 55.0% (11 positive out of 20 tested), with 9 out of 16 (56.3%) sheep flocks and 2 out of 4 (50.0%) goat herds showing seropositivity.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of major infectious causes of dairy cattle reproductive problems in central Ethiopia 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohannes Equar Messele ◽  
Gebrerufael Girmay ◽  
Bezina Arega Emeru ◽  
Shelema Kelbesa Bora ◽  
Workitu Firomsa Gudeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Combined Infection ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Reproductive problem is one of the main constraints of livestock genetic improvement efforts in tropical countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of major infectious causes of reproductive problems of dairy cattle in selected dairy farms in central Ethiopia. Overall 86 serum samples were collected from October 2018 to February 2019 from animals with history of reproductive problems. The collected serum was tested for antibody titer against Brucella species, Neospora caninum, Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Q-fever using rose-bengal and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests. Result Among the animals with the history of reproductive disordered; abortion, still birth and repeat breeding cases were found in 61.6%, 19.8% and 18.6%, respectively. The prevalence of IBR, BVD, Neospora caninum and Coxiella brunetti was found to be 79.1%, 38.4%, 3.5% and 1.2%, respectively. The combined infection of both BVD and IBR were detected in 21% of animals. Out of the total animals examined in this study, 95.9% of Jersey breeds were found seropositive to IBR than Boran-Friesian crosses (57.7%). The incidence of BVD was significantly higher in Boran-Friesian crossbred cattle than in Jersey which was found to be 69.3% and 14.3, respectively. The prevalence of IBR and BVD was directly proportional with age of the animal and parity. Conclusion Vaccination against IBR and BVD is not practiced in Ethiopia, the rising level of those diseases in dairy sector needs regular surveillance and control program.

A study of the correlation between Coxiella burnetii seropositivity and abortions in sheep in Eastern and Southeastern Turkey

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Kilic ◽  
Hakan Kalender
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Eastern Anatolia ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Bacterium ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Elisa Kit

Q fever is a zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide and is caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Infected animals are usually asymptomatic, but infection can cause abortion and stillbirth in ruminants. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate prevalance of Coxiella burnetii infection in aborted and nonaborted sheep serum samples in Eastern Anatolia region by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The determine of prevalance in sheep flocks from four provinces (Elazig, Malatya, Tunceli, Bitlis) and tested for anti-C.burnetii antibody detection, by means of Chekit Q fever Elisa kit. 350 serum samples obtained from flocks belonging aborted sheep showed that a total of 56 (16%) were detected seropositivity, whereas 171 serum samples obtained from nonaborted sheep flocks in 13 of the 171 (7.60%) for C.burnetii in seropositivity were observed. Coxiellosis should be considered an important cause of sheep with abortion history and nonaborted in Elazig and neighboring provinces.

Dot immunogold filtration assay (DIGFA) for the rapid detection of specific antibodies against the rat lungwormAngiostrongylus cantonensis(Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) using purified 31-kDa antigen

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Eamsobhana ◽  
X.X. Gan ◽  
A. Ma ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
D. Wanachiwanawin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
North East ◽  
Gold Conjugate

AbstractA rapid dot immunogold filtration assay (DIGFA) was adopted for specific immunodiagnosis of human cerebral angiostrongyliasis, using purified 31-kDa glycoprotein specific toAngiostrongylus cantonensisas diagnostic antigen and protein A colloidal gold conjugate as antigen–antibody detector. A total of 59 serum samples were assayed – 11 samples from clinically diagnosed patients with detectableA. cantonensis-specific antibody in immunoblotting; 23 samples from patients with other related parasitic diseases, i.e. gnathostomiasis (n= 8), cysticercosis (n= 5), toxocariasis (n= 2), filariasis (n= 4), paragonimiasis (n= 2) and malaria (n= 2); and 25 samples from normal healthy subjects. The sensitivity and specificity of DIGFA to detect anti-A. cantonensisspecific antibodies in serologically confirmed angiostrongyliasis cases, were both 100%. No positive DIGFA was observed in cases with other parasitic diseases, and the healthy control subjects. The 3-min DIGFA is as sensitive and specific as the 3-h immunoblot test in angiostrongyliasis confirmed cases that revealed a 31-kDa reactive band. The gold-based DIGFA is more rapid and easier to perform than the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The test utilizing purifiedA.cantonensisantigen is reliable and reproducible for specific immunodiagnosis of human infection withA. cantonensis– thus can be applied as an additional routine test for clinical diagnostic support. Large-scale sero-epidemiological studies in endemic communities in north-east Thailand are under way to evaluate its usefulness under field conditions.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Q fever in small ruminants in the northeast Anatolian region in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (05) ◽  
pp. 6522-2021
Author(s):  
PERIHAN SERIFOĞLU BAGATIR ◽  
BIRAY OKUMUS ◽  
EDIZ KAAN OZGEN ◽  
MUSTAFA ULUCAN ◽  
BERNA YANMAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Goat Population

The aim of our study was to determine the seroepidemiological profile of Q fever in small ruminants in Turkey and to examine its prevalence changes over the years. The study included 573 serum samples taken in 2013 and 472 samples taken in 2017 from animals in mixed herds of sheep and goats from 84 farms in Northeast Anatolia. Phase I and phase II IgG antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in serum samples were investigated by IDEXX ELISA (Q fever Ab Test IDEXX Laboratories, USA) indirect ELISA kits. Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii IgG in Artvin, Gümüşhane and Iğdır provinces was 5.6% in sheep, 1.8% in goats and 4.5% in total in 2013. In contrast, it was 24.4% in sheep, 1.1% in goats and 20.1% in total in 2017. According to the total seroprevalence rates calculated by including both sheep and goat population, it was seen that the province with the highest seroprevalence change in these animals was Iğdır with a 7.3-fold increase. Herd-level seroprevalence was 29.4% in 2013 and 57.6% in 2017. According to these results, the C. burnetii IgG seroprevalence nearly doubled after four years. This increase has been evaluated as a major risk for animal and human health as well as for the livestock economy in Northeastern Anatolia, where animal husbandry is intense.

scholarly journals Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) infection in dairy cattle and associated risk factors in Latvia

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (10) ◽  
pp. 2011-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. BORODUSKE ◽  
J. TROFIMOVA ◽  
J. KIBILDS ◽  
U. PAPULE ◽  
M. SERGEJEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Scan Statistics ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

SUMMARYThe purpose of this study was to describe prevalence and spatial distribution of Coxiella burnetii infections in dairy cow sheds in Latvia and to investigate risk factors contributing to C. burnetii infections. Blood serum samples from abortion cases from 1010 sheds have been tested by ELISA for the presence of C. burnetii antibodies and bulk tank milk (BTM) samples from 252 sheds have been tested by real time polymerase chain reaction and ELISA for the presence of C. burnetii DNA and antibodies. Prevalence of C. burnetii antibody-positive sheds in cases of abortion was 13·4%. A total of 10·7% and 13·2% of dairy cow sheds tested positive for the presence of C. burnetii DNA and antibodies in BTM, respectively. Two distinct areas of clustering of test-positive dairy cattle sheds were identified by spatial scan statistics of abortion cases and randomly sampled BTM samples. Three factors were identified as significantly contributing to the risk of C. burnetii DNA presence in BTM – number of cattle in shed (>200 animals/shed) (OR 3·93), location of the shed within risk area in Northern Latvia (OR 8·29) and for the first time, purchasing cattle from abroad has been shown to significantly increase risk (OR 2·68) of C. burnetii infection in dairy cows in Latvia.

scholarly journals Q-Fever Antibodies in Romanian Small Ruminants

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Stelian BARAITAREANU ◽  
Marius DAN ◽  
Doina DANES
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Positive Results

Small ruminants serum samples from Romanian Counties were investigated by iELISA Q-fever Coxiella burnetii Antibody test kit (IDEXX Laboratories, Liebefeld-Bern, Switzerland), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. In Giurgiu County 10/15 goats serum samples were positive and all sheep samples (6/6) were negative. In Sibiu County 5/75 sheep samples were positive. In Constanta County all goat samples (10/10) were negative. In Braila County all goat samples (95/95) were negative and 10/55 sheep samples were positive. Prevalence of sero-positive results and their distribution does not provide enough data to design a surveillance program, but support the hypothesis of the presence of the pathogen in Braila, Giurgiu and Sibiu Counties. Further studies must be carry on statistically relevant sampling system.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Coxiella burnetii Antibodies in Bulk Milk from Cattle, Sheep, and Goats in Jordan

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad M. Obaidat ◽  
Gilbert J. Kersh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Cattle Farms

ABSTRACT This large-scale cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence, geographical distribution, and risk factors for the presence of antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in bulk tank milk derived from dairy cattle, sheep, and goats in Jordan. Bulk milk samples were collected from 78 dairy cattle, 48 sheep, and 23 goat farms from various places in Jordan according to the density of these animal species in each region of the country. The samples were tested for C. burnetii antibodies using the CHEKIT Q-Fever Antibody ELISA kit. A standardized questionnaire was also used to collect data from each farm to identify and rank the risk factors for the presence of C. burnetii antibodies. The results revealed that 62.9% (95% confidence interval: 55.1 to 70.0%) of the tested ruminant farms were positive for C. burnetii antibodies. Positive results were obtained from 70.9% (60.6 to 79.5%) of dairy cattle farms, 52.1% (38.3 to 65.5%) of sheep farms, and 56.0% (37.1 to 73.3%) of goat farms. Six factors were associated with the presence of these antibodies on cattle farms, and five factors were associated with these antibodies on sheep and goat farms (chi-square test). The multivariate logistic regression model revealed that large dairy cattle farms, farms that add new animals to the herd, farms that infrequently clean the feeders, and farms in particular areas are 28.6, 19.9, 8.0, and 6.4 times more likely, respectively, to have animals with C. burnetii antibodies. Sheep and goat farms that mix their animals with those from other farms, graze more than 5 km, and infrequently sanitize the feeders were 8.0, 0.06, and 13.6 times more likely, respectively, to have animals with C. burnetii antibodies. These data reveal the widespread exposure of Jordanian ruminants to C. burnetii and suggest a high risk for public health.

scholarly journals Coxiella Burnetii in Horses of Algeria: Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-608
Author(s):  
Samir Ansel ◽  
Karima Benfodil ◽  
Abdellah Mohamed Cherif ◽  
Amine Abdelli ◽  
Rachid Kaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Prophylactic Measures

The Q fever is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii (an obligate intracellular bacterium). This pathogen affects humans, ruminants, equines, carnivores, rodents, and birds. A cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2017 to May 2018 to assess the seroprevalence and identify the risk factors of C. burnetii infection in horses (Equus Caballus) residing in three districts of Algerian, namely Tiaret, El-Bayadh, and Ghardaia. Serum samples collected from 182 horses were analyzed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Association of seropositivity with potential risk factors related to animals (e.g., age, gender, breed, housing, and presence of ticks), breeding characteristics (e.g., geographical localization, contact with animals), and environmental characteristics (i.e., presence of water source) was analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. An overall seroprevalence of 9.9% (18/182) was obtained. The univariate analysis of risk factors for C. burnetii seroprevalence demonstrated higher seropositivity in horses that had contact with small ruminants (p=0.004) and dromedaries (p=0.002) as well as in those living near a water source (p=0.036) and in El-Bayadh district (p=0.005). The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk of C. burnetii infection was significantly higher in horses that were in contact with small ruminants (RR: 15.6). Algeria is endemic for Q fever in horses and prophylactic measures must be taken to reduce /prevent its transmission to animals and humans.

scholarly journals Comparison of a Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Immunofluorescence and Complement Fixation Tests for Detection of Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever) Immunoglobulin M

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Field ◽  
Jody L. Mitchell ◽  
Avelina Santiago ◽  
David J. Dickeson ◽  
Sau-Wan Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Elisa

A commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of Q fever (PanBio Coxiella burnetiiimmunoglobulin M [IgM] ELISA, QFM-200) was compared to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for C. burnetii IgM and the complement fixation test (CFT). The ELISA demonstrated 92% agreement with the reference method (IFAT), and gave a sensitivity of 99% (69 of 70 samples) and a specificity of 88% (106 of 121). Specificity can be increased with confirmation by IFAT. CFT was found to have a specificity of 90% (107 of 119), although it was lacking in sensitivity (73%; 51 of 70). No cross-reactivity was observed in the ELISA with serum samples from patients with mycoplasma (n = 6), chlamydia (n = 5), or legionella (n = 4) infections, although 2 of 5 patients with leptospirosis and 1 of 4 samples containing rheumatoid factor (RF) demonstrated positive results in the ELISA. Results indicate that the performance of the PanBio C. burnetii (Q fever) IgM ELISA (F = 187) is superior to that of CFT (F = 163), and consequently the ELISA should be a useful aid in the diagnosis of acute Q fever.

scholarly journals Coxiella burnetii Antibody Prevalence and Risk Factors of Infection in the Human Population of Estonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kädi Neare ◽  
Marilin Janson ◽  
Pirje Hütt ◽  
Brian Lassen ◽  
Arvo Viltrop
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk

Q fever is an emerging health problem in both humans and animals. To estimate the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) antibodies in the Estonian population, we analyzed plasma samples from 1000 individuals representing the general population and 556 individual serum samples from five population groups potentially at a higher risk (veterinary professionals, dairy cattle, beef cattle, and small ruminant stockbreeders and hunters). Additionally, 118 dairy cow bulk tank milk samples were analyzed to establish the infection status of the dairy cattle herds and the participating dairy cattle keepers. Questionnaires were used to find the potential risk factors of exposure. The effects of different variables were evaluated using binary logistic regression analysis and mixed-effects logistic analysis. The prevalence in veterinary professionals (9.62%; p = 0.003) and dairy cattle farmers (7.73%; p = 0.047) was significantly higher than in the general population (3.9%). Contact with production animals in veterinary practice and being a dairy stockbreeder in C. burnetii positive farms were risk factors for testing C. burnetii seropositive (p = 0.038 and p = 0.019, respectively). Results suggest that C. burnetii is present in Estonia and the increased risk of infection in humans is associated with farm animal contact.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document