Evaluation of Drought Stress Tolerance Based on Selection Indices in Haricot Bean Varieties Exposed to Stress at Different Growth Stages

A pot experiment was conducted at Hawassa University, Ethiopia, with the objectives of identifying relatively drought-tolerant haricot bean varieties and identifying sensitive growth stages of this plant to drought stress based on selection indices under greenhouse conditions. Ten improved haricot bean varieties were subjected to drought stress at vegetative, flowering, and pod setting stages by withholding water for 15 days. Seed yields (g plant−1) under stress (Ysi) and nonstress (Ypi) conditions were recorded, and all indices were calculated for the three drought stress levels (vegetative, flowering, and pod setting) against the yield obtained from the nonstress (Ypi) treatment. Drought intensity indices at vegetative, flowering, and pod setting stages were 0.046, 0.335, and 0.249, respectively. Drought stress imposition at the flowering stage resulted in high values of DII, DSI, PYR, and SSPI and low values of DRI, GM, MP, YSI, MRP, REI, and RDI reflecting that flowering is the most sensitive growth stage to drought stress. Low values of DSI, PYR, and SSPI and high values of DRI, GM, MP, YSI, MRP, REI, and RDI for H/dumme, Wajo, and Nasir confirmed that they are tolerant to drought stresses that occur at different growth stages. Those varieties also showed the best mean of rank and low standard deviation. A strong association between Ypi and Ysi was observed under drought stress at the vegetative stage but not under flowering and pod setting stages. Ysi had a positive correlation with DRI, GM, MP, MRP, and REI while a significant and negative correlation with PYR and DSI depicting that they are a better predictor of potential yield under a stress condition and they can use as a morphological marker by the plant breeder.

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Morphological and Physiological Performance of Indian Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Genotypes in Respect to Drought

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4550 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nishi Mishra ◽

M.K. Tripathi ◽

Sushma Tiwari ◽

Niraj Tripathi ◽

Neha Gupta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Metabolic Activity ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Soybean Genotypes ◽

Physiological Analysis ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Different Growth Stages

Background: Soybean is a key crop that grants an imperative supply of oils and proteins to humans and animals; however, its productivity spectacularly diminished owing to the occurrence of drought stress. Methods: The present investigation was executed during Kharif 2018-2019 to recognize drought tolerant genotypes on the basis of an array of morpho-physiological traits. Morpho-physiological analysis among 53 genotypes divulged the existence of drought tolerance capability in studied genotypes.Result: On the basis of current findings, it can be concluded that drought stress retards the growth and metabolic activity of soybean genotypes. These parameters showed considerable amount of variability under drought stress at different growth stages in soybean. Among 53 soybean genotypes, four genotypes viz., JS97-52, AMS 2014-1, RVS-14 and NRC-147 was found to be drought tolerant.

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Quantitative Response of Maize Vcmax25 to Persistent Drought Stress at Different Growth Stages

Water ◽

10.3390/w13141971 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 1971

Author(s):

Xingyang Song ◽

Guangsheng Zhou ◽

Qijin He ◽

Huailin Zhou

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Early Warning Systems ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Leaf Water Content ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Leaf Stage ◽

Maximum Value ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Persistent Drought ◽

Different Growth Stages

Drought stress has adverse effects on crop growth and yield, and its identification and monitoring play vital roles in precision crop water management. Accurately evaluating the effect of drought stress on crop photosynthetic capacity can provide a basis for decisions related to crop drought stress identification and monitoring as well as drought stress resistance and avoidance. In this study, the effects of different degrees of persistent drought in different growth stages (3rd leaf stage, 7th leaf stage and jointing stage) on the maximum carboxylation rate at a reference temperature of 25 °C (Vcmax25) of the first fully expanded leaf and its relationship to the leaf water content (LWC) were studied in a field experiment from 2013 to 2015. The results indicated that the LWC decreased continuously as drought stress continued and that the LWC decreased faster in the treatment with more irrigation. Vcmax25 showed a decreasing trend as the drought progressed but had no clear relationship to the growth stage in which the persistent drought occurred. Vcmax25 showed a significantly parabolic relationship (R2 = 0.701, p < 0.001) with the LWC, but the different degrees of persistent drought stress occurring in different growth stages had no distinct effect on the LWC values when Vcmax25 reached its maximum value or zero. The findings of this study also suggested that the LWC was 82.5 ± 0.5% when Vcmax25 reached its maximum value (42.6 ± 3.6 μmol m−2 s−1) and 67.6 ± 1.2% (extreme drought) when Vcmax25 reached zero. These findings will help to improve crop drought management and will be an important reference for crop drought identification, classification and monitoring as well as for the development of drought monitoring and early warning systems for other crops or maize varieties.

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Quantitative Response of Soybean Development and Yield to Drought Stress during Different Growth Stages in the Huaibei Plain, China

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy8070097 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 97 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yanqi Wei ◽

Juliang Jin ◽

Shangming Jiang ◽

Shaowei Ning ◽

Li Liu

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Different Growth Stages ◽

Quantitative Response

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QTLs for cell wall-bound phenolics in relation to the photosynthetic apparatus activity and leaf water status under drought stress at different growth stages of triticale

Molecular Genetics and Genomics ◽

10.1007/s00438-016-1276-y ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 292 (2) ◽

pp. 415-433 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Tomasz Hura ◽

Mirosław Tyrka ◽

Katarzyna Hura ◽

Agnieszka Ostrowska ◽

Kinga Dziurka

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Water Status ◽

Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Leaf Water Status ◽

Bound Phenolics ◽

Different Growth Stages

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Effects of drought stress and rewatering on antioxidant systems and relative water content in different growth stages of maize (Zea maysL.) hybrids

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science ◽

10.1080/03650340.2014.943198 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 493-506 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Maryam Goodarzian Ghahfarokhi ◽

Syrus Mansurifar ◽

Ruhollah Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi ◽

Mohsen Saeidi ◽

Amir Mohammad Jamshidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Water Content ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Relative Water ◽

Effects Of Drought ◽

Different Growth Stages

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Response to water stress of soil enzymes and root exudates from drought and non-drought tolerant corn hybrids at different growth stages

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss2010-057 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 92 (3) ◽

pp. 501-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Fengbin Song ◽

Xiying Han ◽

Xiancan Zhu ◽

Stephen J. Herbert

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Water Stress ◽

Osmotic Stress ◽

Root Exudates ◽

Soil Enzymes ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Corn Hybrids ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Response To Water ◽

Different Growth Stages

Song, F., Han, X., Zhu, X. and Herbert, S. J. 2012. Response to water stress of soil enzymes and root exudates from drought and non-drought tolerant corn hybrids at different growth stages. Can. J. Soil Sci 92: 501–507. Drought tolerant corn hybrids (Zea mays L.) are an excellent model to evaluate the effect of water stress on rhizosphere functions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of water stress on soil pH, enzyme activities, and root exudates from corn. Two corn hybrids, Baidan 9 (drought tolerant) and Baidan 31 (non-drought tolerant) were grown in soil-filled pots for pH and enzyme assays and in hydroponics culture for root exudate analysis. Water stress was imposed at four growth stages: seedling, elongation, tasseling and grain-filling stages. Soil pH was lower in the rhizosphere than bulk soil, but was not affected by water deficiency. Water stress increased protease activity at the seedling stage, but reduced its activities at other stages compared to the control. A significant positive correlation was observed between pH and alkaline phosphatase activity under water stress. Compared to Baidan 31, the rhizosphere of drought-tolerant Baidan 9 had greater protease and catalase activities at all growth stages, greater alkaline phosphatase, lower acid phosphatase and greater invertase activities at elongation, tasseling and filling stages. Osmotic stress increased the organic acid concentration (malic, lactic, acetic, succinic, citric and maleic acids) in root exudates of Baidan 9 and Baidan 31; as well there was a greater fumaric acid concentration in Baidan 31 under osmotic stress than without stress. The increased soil enzyme activities and organic acids exuded from the rhizosphere of plants under water stress might contribute to drought tolerance in corn hybrids.

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NMR-based metabolomic profiling of Peganum harmala L. reveals dynamic variations between different growth stages

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.171722 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 171722 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yinping Li ◽

Qing He ◽

Zhufeng Geng ◽

Shushan Du ◽

Zhiwei Deng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stress Responses ◽

Quality Evaluation ◽

Active Role ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Peganum Harmala ◽

Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽

Dynamic Variations ◽

Metabolomic Profiling ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Different Growth Stages

Xerophytes play an active role in preventing soil denudation and desertification in arid and semi-arid areas. Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae family), a seasonally growing, poisonous and drought-tolerant plant, is widely distributed in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and used as a traditional herbal medicine as well as, in winter, a fodder source. Previous research has focused on the pharmacological activity of isolated compounds and stress responses to growth environments. However, the metabolic profile of P. harmala and variations in its metabolites, including medicinally active and stress resistance components, have not been illustrated during different growth stages. Here, we collected plant samples in May, August, October and December. We determined the metabolic composition of methanol extracts using NMR spectroscopy, and comparisons of four growth stages were accomplished by applying statistical analysis. The results showed that vasicine, choline and sucrose were significantly elevated in samples harvested in May. Significantly higher amounts of betaine, lysine, 4-hydroxyisoleucine and proline were found in samples collected in August than in samples collected in other months, and the concentrations of phosphorylcholine, glucose, acetic acid and vasicinone were highest in December. The relationships between differential biomarkers and plant physiological states affected by diverse growth environmental factors were discussed. Our result deepened the understanding of metabolic mechanisms in plant development and confirmed the advantage of using NMR-based metabolomic treatments in quality evaluation when P. harmala is used for different purposes.

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SCREENING RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES FOR RESISTANCE AGAINST DROUGHT

Water Conservation and Management ◽

10.26480/wcm.02.2020.78.82 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 78-82

Author(s):

Mohd Syahmi Salleh ◽

Ris Amirah Malek ◽

Rozilawati Shahari ◽

Mohd Shukor Nordin

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Plant Height ◽

Root Length ◽

Selection Criterion ◽

Proline Content ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Physiological Basis ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Rice Genotypes

Drought is regarded as one of the limiting factors in rice production nationally and globally. The present study was conducted to study morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of rice genotypes to drought stress, to identify potential traits for use as a selection criterion in breeding drought-tolerant rice at seedling stage and finally to identify rice genotype resistant to drought stress for use as parents in future breeding. The experimental design used was a split-plot design with three replications, with drought stress as the main plot and rice genotypes as the sub-plot. The main plots consisted of control (normal irrigation) and drought stress. The sub-plots consisted of twelve rice genotypes namely Apami (V1), Boewani (V2), Basmati 370 (V3), Cica- 4 (V4), Dular (V5), Jarom mas (V6), Kalarata (V7), Biris (V8), Haiboq (V9), Moroberekan (V10), MR 297 (V11) and Aerob 1 (V12). Results showed that drought stress led to a decrease in plant height, leaves size, root length, total dry weight, and number of leaves but an increment in proline content. The genotype Apami and Kalarata were found to accumulate higher proline content indicating potential resistant ability towards drought stress. Dular and Aerob1, along with tolerant control genotype, Moroberekan, on the other hand, recorded a lower SES score. Leave size, root length, and plant height could also be used as a selection criterion in breeding drought-tolerant rice due to high values of broad-sense heritability and genetic advance by percentage of mean (GAM). Nevertheless, further study on the genetics and physiological basis of tolerant ability at reproductive growth stages are necessary in order to assess grain yield potential of the potentially tolerant genotype reported in this study.

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