scholarly journals Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chuanqi Wan ◽  
Chen Zhu ◽  
Gulei Jin ◽  
Min Zhu ◽  
Junyi Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Indicator ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Dominant Bacteria ◽  
Microbiota Diversity

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are characterized by high rates of morbidity and mortality. Microbiota is closely associated with cardiovascular disease. We aimed to comprehensively analyze the microbiotas of 300 healthy controls, 300 patients with high blood pressure (HBP), and 300 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The results indicated no significant difference in microbiota diversity among the three groups ( P > 0.05 ). However, differences in microbiota richness among the three groups were significant ( P < 0.05 ). Bacteroidetes and Bacteroidia were the dominant bacteria in the CHD group, Enterobacteriales and Escherichia-shigella in the HBP group, and Acidaminococcaceae and Phascolarctobacterium in the healthy control group. The prediction results of the random forest model indicated that the population with CHD displayed prominent features with high sensitivity, indicating that microbiota detection might become a novel clinical indicator to predict and monitor the risk of cardiovascular events. The prediction of microbiota function suggested differences in oxygen supply and chronic inflammation between populations with HBP/CHD and healthy populations. Although there is no difference in gut microbiota diversity among the three groups, each group has its dominant microbiota in terms of richness.

The evaluation of serum N-terminal prohormone brain-type natriuretic peptide, troponin-I, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in children with congenital heart disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1158-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Uner ◽  
M Doğan ◽  
M Ay ◽  
Ç Acar
Keyword(s):  
Septal Defect ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
And Control

Although advanced diagnostic and treatment methods are available, congenital heart disease (CHD) holds an important place among the causes of death within the first year of age. Therefore, several prognostic factors are needed for diagnosis and monitoring of these patients. In this study, which includes 66 CHD patients and 38 healthy control children, serum cardiac troponin-I (cTnI), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), and N-terminal prohormone brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were analyzed for their prognostics values. The patient groups were categorized and then evaluated as cyanotic ( n = 16), acyanotic ( n = 50), symptomatic ( n = 23), asymptomatic ( n = 43), and isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD)-isolated atrial septal defect (ASD) groups. Cyanotic group was statistically compared with acyanotic group, symptomatic group with asymptomatic group, and VSD group with ASD group. Between the cyanotic, acyanotic, and control groups; between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups; and between the VSD and ASD groups, significant difference was not showed for age ( p > 0.05). NT-proBNP was found to be significantly higher in the cyanotic group than acyanotic and control group, in the symptomatic group than asymptomatic group; and in the patient group than healthy control group ( p < 0.05). Between the groups of VSD and ASD, significant difference was not showed ( p > 0.05). The same comparison results for TnI and Hs-CRP were not significant ( p > 0.05). TnI and Hs-CRP were only found significantly higher in the patient group than healthy control group ( p < 0.05). Eventually, we think that NT-proBNP, Hs-CRP, and TnI might be used for clinical management and estimation of outcome of these disorders in the future and these also might be able to modify existing strategies, but much more studies are needed.

scholarly journals The Association of Serum Levels of stromolysin-1 and connexin-37 with the severity of coronary artery disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melika Naebian ◽  
Naser Aslanabadi ◽  
Alireza Nourazarian ◽  
Reza Rahbarghazi ◽  
behrouz shademan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Connexin 37 ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a common form of heart disease that is considered a serious health problem in society. Atherosclerosis is widely recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease of the vessels and can lead to CAD and myocardial infarction. The aim of the present study was to investigate serum levels of connexin-37 and stromelysin-1 as significant biomarkers of CAD and their correlation with the extent of CAD. Methods and results Sixty CAD patients with one-vessel (1VD), two-vessel (2VD), and three-vessel (3VD) disease were enrolled in this study. For comparison with the results, 20 healthy control subjects were also included in this study. Serum concentrations of connexin-37 and stromelysin-1 were determined using commercial ELISA kits. Serum connexin-37 concentrations were not significantly different between the patient and control groups (p < 0.05). The analysis showed a statistically significant difference between subjects with one-vessel disease, subjects with two-vessel disease, and subjects with three-vessel disease. Serum Stromelysin-1 concentration was significantly higher in the patients than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions The results of our study indicate that serum levels of stromelysin-1, but not connexin-37, may contribute to the prediction of the occurrence and progression of CAD.

scholarly journals Selective estrogen receptor modulator lasofoxifene suppresses spondyloarthritis manifestation and affects characteristics of gut microbiota in zymosan-induced SKG mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyemin Jeong ◽  
In Young Kim ◽  
Eun-Kyung Bae ◽  
Chan Hong Jeon ◽  
Kwang-Sung Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Receptor Modulator ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microbiota Diversity

AbstractAnkylosing spondylitis is a male-predominant disease and previous study revealed that estrogens have an anti-inflammatory effect on the spondyloarthritis (SpA) manifestations in zymosan-induced SKG mice. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) lasofoxifene (Laso) on disease activity of SpA. Mice were randomized into zymosan-treated, zymosan + 17β-estradiol (E2)-treated, and zymosan + Laso-treated groups. Arthritis was assessed by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) small-animal positron emission tomography/computed tomography and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured. Fecal samples were collected and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to determine gut microbiota differences. Both zymosan + E2-treated mice and zymosan + Laso-treated mice showed lower arthritis clinical scores and lower 18F-FDG uptake than zymosan-treated mice. BMD was significantly higher in zymosan + E2-treated mice and zymosan + Laso-treated mice than zymosan-treated mice, respectively. Fecal calprotectin levels were significantly elevated at 8 weeks after zymosan injection in zymosan-treated mice, but it was not significantly changed in zymosan + E2-treated mice and zymosan + Laso-treated mice. Gut microbiota diversity of zymosan-treated mice was significantly different from zymosan + E2-treated mice and zymosan + Laso-treated mice, respectively. There was no significant difference in gut microbiota diversity between zymosan + E2-treated mice and zymosan + Laso -treated mice. Laso inhibited joint inflammation and enhanced BMD in SKG mice, a model of SpA. Laso also affected the composition and biodiversity of gut microbiota. This study provides new knowledge regarding that selected SpA patients could benefit from SERM treatment.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a potential biomarker for pulmonary thromboembolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Songul Ozyurt ◽  
Mevlut Karatas ◽  
Medeni Arpa ◽  
Bilge Yilmaz Kara ◽  
Hakan Duman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pulmonary Thromboembolism ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

Abstract Objective Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a clinical condition that can be lethal unless promptly diagnosed and treated. The objective was to evaluate the significance of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in the diagnosis of PTE. Materials and methods In this study, 60 patients hospitalized for acute PTE between May 2015 and December 2016 were enrolled. PTE was diagnosed using spiral computed tomography angiography of the thorax. Cardiac enzyme levels, arterial blood gas, and echocardiography measurements were performed. Whole blood samples were drawn to measure serum NGAL before treatment. Results The PTE group comprised 34 women and 26 men, and the healthy control group included 22 women and 18 men. The mean ages of the patient and control groups were 70.3 ± 14.4 years and 69.0 ± 10.2 years, respectively. Serum NGAL was significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (88.6 ± 33.6 vs. 31.7 ± 10.0 ng/mL, p < 0.001, respectively). The optimal NGAL cut-off value was >50 ng/mL, the sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 98.3%, the negative predictive value was 100%, and the positive predictive value was 68%. Conclusion Serum NGAL is a new biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity to detect, diagnose, and exclude PTE.

scholarly journals Assessment of Post-Occlusive Reactive Hyperaemia in the Evaluation of Endothelial Function in Patients with Lower Extremity Artery Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosmin Carasca ◽  
Annamaria Magdas ◽  
Ioan Tilea ◽  
Alexandru Incze
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reactive Hyperaemia ◽  
Peripheral Perfusion ◽  
Surgical Revascularisation ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background: The aim was to assess endothelial function with photoplethysmography (PPG), by post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH) combined with alprostadil challenge test in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Methods: Forty-nine PAD patients stage II-III Fontaine (39 male, 10 female, mean age 68.45±5.86 years) and a control group of 49 healthy individuals (24 male, 25 female; mean age 25.1±3.8 for a young subgroup; 71.0±0.16 years for an elderly subgroup) were included. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) was assessed at baseline, peripheral perfusion (PP) and PORH were assessed at baseline and after the 30 minutes administration of parenteral alprostadil. Results: After 3 minutes of arterial occlusion, peripheral perfusion increased from 0.69±0.94 mV/V to 2.27±2.42 mV/V (p<0.0001). After alprostadil challenge, peripheral perfusion increased from 0.84±1.24 mV/V to 4.52±3.52 mV/V (p<0.0001). In controls PP was 2.4±1.7 mV/V versus 3.8±1.5 mV/V, p<0.0001. Conclusion: In patients with PAD, an increase in PORH after alprostadil challenge due to the release of nitric oxide (NO), provides information on the endothelial function and could reflect the presence of collaterals. In the healthy control group, the increase in PORH could reflect the integrity of main arterial branch. In PAD patients with an increase in PORH, conservative therapy should be preferred over surgical revascularisation.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Gut Microbiota in Children With Biliary Atresia After Liver Transplantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Song ◽  
Li-Ying Sun ◽  
Zhi-Jun Zhu ◽  
Lin Wei ◽  
Wei Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Polyamine Biosynthesis ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and AimsBiliary atresia (BA) is an idiopathic neonatal cholestasis and is the most common indication in pediatric liver transplantation (LT). Previous studies have suggested that the gut microbiota (GM) in BA is disordered. However, the effect of LT on gut dysbiosis in patients with BA has not yet been elucidated.MethodsPatients with BA (n = 16) and healthy controls (n = 10) were recruited. In the early life of children with BA, Kasai surgery is a typical procedure for restoring bile flow. According to whether BA patients had previously undergone Kasai surgery, we divided the post-LT patients into the with-Kasai group (n = 8) and non-Kasai group (n = 8). Fecal samples were collected in both the BA and the control group; among BA patients, samples were obtained again 6 months after LT. A total of 40 fecal samples were collected, of which 16 were pre-LT, 14 were post-LT (8 were with-Kasai, 6 were non-Kasai), and 10 were from the control group. Metagenomic sequencing was performed to evaluate the GM.ResultsThe Kruskal-Wallis test showed a statistically significant difference in the number of genes between the pre-LT and the control group, the pre-LT and the post-LT group (P &lt; 0.05), but no statistical difference between the post-LT and the control group. Principal coordinate analysis also showed that the microbiome structure was similar between the post-LT and control group (P &gt; 0.05). Analysis of the GM composition showed a significant decrease in Serratia, Enterobacter, Morganella, Skunalikevirus, and Phifllikevirus while short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria such as Roseburia, Blautia, Clostridium, Akkermansia, and Ruminococcus were increased after LT (linear discriminant analysis &gt; 2, P &lt; 0.05). However, they still did not reach the normal control level. Concerning functional profiles, lipopolysaccharide metabolism, multidrug resistance, polyamine biosynthesis, GABA biosynthesis, and EHEC/EPEC pathogenicity signature were more enriched in the post-LT group compared with the control group. Prior Kasai surgery had a specific influence on the postoperative GM.ConclusionLT partly improved the GM in patients with BA, which provided new insight into understanding the role of LT in BA.

scholarly journals Diversity in the intestinal microbiota and the influence of delivery, dietary profile and nutritional status

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciele Valduga ◽  
◽  
Malena Rostirola Miri ◽  
Daniela Signori ◽  
Larissa Pereira da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
School Children ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microbiota Diversity

Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the nutritional status and influence on the dietary profile in the gut microbiota, in an attempt to identify possible effects of grape juice consumption among school children aged 6-10. Design: Anthropometric parameters (weight, height, Body Mass Index, waist circumference, triceps, and subscapular skinfold) weremeasured at baseline. A Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was carried out to evaluate the dietary profile. Feces were analyzed by culture methods and the alpha diversity was determined by the Shannon Index. Participants: 36 volunteer school children aged 6 to 10 years from two different cities in the South of Brazil. Main outcome measure: Gut microbiota diversity according to anthropometric parameters, nutrition profile and delivery patterns. Analysis: For statistical analysis, t or u test and correlation were used through the statistical software SPSS® version 22.0. Results: The volunteers presented a eutrophic nutritional status, but 41.7% in the City 2 were overweight. There was a significant difference in the consumption of polyphenols (p<0.003), microbiotadiversity, breastfeeding, and delivery patterns by city. However, the dietary profile does not include the portions of daily nutrients recommended in both cities. The volunteers from City 1 presented a greater alpha diversity, which may be related to higher micronutrient intake, breastfeeding, and predominant natural/vaginal delivery Conclusion: We observed that the normal delivery and the dietary profile seems to be important factors to the gut microbiota diversity in these children. Keywords: grape juice; dietary profile; gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Investigation on Glucose and levels of Zn and Cu in Sera of Iraqi Males addicted on Methamphetamine or Tramadol

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
Rulla Sabah ◽  
Ahmed saad abbas Fatin F.Al-Kazazz ◽  
Salam A.H Al-Ameri
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zn And Cu In ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Group A ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Heavy Smokers

Addiction is the most critical form of Addiction. It is a chronic disease with a potential for fatality if not treated. In this work, 180 samples of male individuals were collected in this study. They classified into three groups, groups:  G1 who were healthy control; G2 who was addicted to methamphetamine (meth); G3 who was addicted to tramadol (Tra). Each group consists of 60 heavy smokers Iraqi male individuals in the age range of 18-43 years. The results showed a highly significant increase (p<0.0001) in the level of Glucose of the two addicted groups in comparison with the healthy group. A highly significant decrease (p<0.0001) could be seen in the level of Zn of the two addicted groups G2, G3 compared to the control group, while the level of Cu of the two addicted groups were highly significant increased (p<0.0001). Also, the results showed a highly significant difference (p<0.0001) in BMI for the studied groups, G2, G3 in comparison with the control group. All addictive individuals under this study were at normal weight depending on their BMI.  

scholarly journals The Studies to correlation between gut microbiota diversity and functional erectile dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Geng ◽  
Shaofeng Chen ◽  
Yuan Sun ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Zhong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
T Test ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Miseq Platform ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Microbiota Diversity

Abstract Objective: To analyze the distribution of gut microbiota in the ED patients, and explore the relationship between the diversity of gut microbiota and psychogenic erectile dysfunction. Methods: 30 cases of patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) and 30 healthy persons (healthy donor, HD) stool specimen were collected, using Illumina's Miseq platform samples V3-V4 region sequences bacterial 16SrRNA gene Paired end (PE) 300 sequencing, sequencing results were analyzed differences in species composition and diversity. Analysis contains five modules: sequencing data quality control, OTU species clustering and annotation, alpha diversity, beta diversity and the use of T-test and the analysis of the LEfSe differences. Results: 1. The flora diversity in the group of ED than HD significantly different (P<0.01), ED group has a low bacterial diversity. 2. Between ED group and HD group, abundant bacteria (TOPlO) and core flora (90%) had no significant difference in the genus level; all bacteria flora (>1%) display, Alloprevotella groups genus presents differences, Alloprevotella only be identified in the HD group. 3. ED and HD groups present in well separated PCoA analysis, having a significant difference in the two kinds of microflora. 4.T-test shows six species were significantly different, in the ED group, Streptococcus and Subdoligranulum were increasing, and Prevotella, Prevotella sp.9, Blautia, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 groups and Roseburia were decreasing. 5.LEfSe analysis revealed 24 species were significantly different between ED and HD groups. Conclusion: Gene sequencing was performed on the two groups of specimens and finding that microbial community structure and diversity had significant difference, suggesting that ED have low gut microbiota diversity.

scholarly journals Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Patients with RetinalArtery Occlusion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Atum ◽  
Gürsoy Alagöz
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Retinal Artery ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) and plateletto- lymphocyte (PLR) ratios in patients with retinal artery occlusion (RAO) with those from a healthy control population and to identify the relationship between them. Methods: Forty-six patients with RAO and fifty-one healthy control subjects were included in this retrospective case-control study. RAO was diagnosed following an ophthalmic examination and fluorescein angiography (FA). Blood neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts were recorded for each of the 97 subjects, from which NLR and PLR values were calculated. Results: There were 46 patients (28 male [M], 18 female [F]) in the RAO group and 51 patients (27 M, 24 F) in the control group. No significant differences were found between patients with RAO and the control subjects in terms of gender and age (P > 0.05). Patients with RAO had significantly increased NLR values (2.85 ± 1.70) than the control subjects (1.63 ± 0.59, P < 0.001). The mean PLR in patients with RAO was 123.69 ± 64.98, while that in control subjects was 103.08 ± 36.95; there was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.055). A logistic regression analysis revealed that NLRs were 3.8 times higher in patients with RAO than in control subjects (odds ratio = 3.880; 95% confidence interval = 1.94 to 7.74; P < 0.001). Conclusion: NLRs were significantly increased in patients with RAO compared to the control subjects.

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