scholarly journals Cycloplegic Effects on the Cylindrical Components of the Refraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Athar Zareei ◽  
Milad Abdolahian ◽  
Shahram Bamdad
Keyword(s):  
Precise Determination ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Near Vision ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Age Range

It is important to predict which astigmatic patients require separate refraction for near vision. This study compared cylindrical components changes by cyclopentolate 1% for the low and high amount of astigmatism. The right eyes of 1014 healthy individuals (307 males and 707 females) with cylindrical refractive power more than −0.5 diopter on autorefractometer were selected. Both male and female patients in the age range of 17–45 years were refracted before and after cycloplegia, using 1% cyclopentolate. All volunteers were classified into 2 subgroups including the lower astigmatism group (−2.25 to −0.50) and the higher astigmatic group (−2.50 to over). Alpines’ method was used to compare the effect of cycloplegic drop on cylindrical power. The mean age in the lower astigmatism group (29.58; 95% CI: 29.18 to 29.99 years) was not significantly different from the higher astigmatic group (29.85; 95% CI: 29.07 to 30.62) and there were no significant differences in gender between these two groups ( P = 0.54 ). Differences between wet and dry refraction in J0 (−0.03; 95% CI:−0.06 to −0.008) and J45 (−0.03; 95% CI:−0.06 to −0.01) were significant only in the higher astigmatic group. Axis changes by the cycloplegic drop in the lower astigmatism group were 3.51 (CI: 3.22 to 3.81) and axis changes by the cycloplegic drop in the higher astigmatism group were 2.21 (CI: 1.73 to 2.49). In patients with a lower amount of astigmatism (−2.25 to −0.50), additional near subjective refraction could be done for precise determination of axis and in patients with a higher amount of astigmatism (−2.50 to over), near subjective refraction might be done for precise determination of power.

scholarly journals Sexing the human skull through the mastoid process

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Airton Saavedra de Paiva ◽  
Marco Segre
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Human Skull ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
The Right

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the significance for sex determination of the measurement of the area formed by the xerographic projection of 3 craniometric points related to the mastoid process: the porion, asterion, and mastoidale points. METHOD: Sixty skulls, 30 male and 30 female, were analyzed. A xerographic copy of each side of the skull was obtained. On each xerographic copy, the craniometric points were marked to demarcate a triangle. The area (mm²) of the demarcated triangle for each side of the skull (right (D) and left (E) sides) was determined, and the total value of these measures (T) was calculated. RESULTS: Concerning the right area of the male and female skulls, 60% of the values overlapped; for the left area, 51.67% overlapped, and for the total area, 36.67% overlapped. The analysis of the differences between the sexes in the areas studied was significant for the 3 areas. Regarding the total area, which is the preferred measurement because of the asymmetry between the sides of the skull, the value of the mean was 1505.32 mm² for male skulls, which was greater than the maximum value obtained in the female skulls. The value of the mean for female skulls was 1221.24 mm², less than the minimum value obtained for the male skulls. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a significant result in the 3 studied areas, (D), (E), and (T). The total area values show less overlapping of values between the sexes, and therefore can be used for sexing human skulls. For the population studied, values of the total area that were greater than or equal to 1447.40 mm² belonged to male crania (95% confidence). Values for this area that were less than or equal to 1260.36 mm² belonged to female crania (95% confidence).

A STUDY OF THE DIMENSIONS OF HUMAN ACETABULUM IN THE DRY HIP BONES OF SOUTH KERALA POPULATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Rani Raphael M ◽  
Sajey P. S. ◽  
Rajad. R ◽  
Varghese P. D
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
The Right ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

Introduction: In human anatomy the acetabulum is a cavity on the lateral aspect of the hip-bone. The purpose of this study is to record the depth and diameter of the acetabulum cavity to accumulate morphological data helpful for anthropologists, Forensic medicine experts and orthopedicians. Materials And Methods: The study was done on 88 adult human hip bones (42 right and 46 left) collected from Department of Anatomy, Govt.T.D Medical College, Alappuzha, Kerala state. The diameters and maximum depth were measured using digital vernier calliper. The measurements were compared with other studies in the world. The mean diam Results: eter of acetabulum was 48.08 ± 3.21mm, 44.16 ± 2.60 mm in male and female respectively. The mean ± S.D value of depth was 29.11± 2.37 and 27.20± 2.01 mm. in male and female respectively. The correlation between depth and diameter was signicant only in the right male hip bones. There is signicant variation in the Conclusion: anatomical parameters of hip bone between different Indian population groups. The data from this study may be used for designing population specic hip prosthesis.

scholarly journals Strengths among Contemporary Teenagers: A Comparative Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Rani ◽  
Punam Midha ◽  
Ankita Budhiraja
Keyword(s):  
Harmonious Society ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Signature Strengths ◽  
Fast Speed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Purposive Sample

Male and female are two indispensible wheels of a chariot, thus both complement each other and this is a fact that without any one of them, it is just impossible to imagine the smooth continuation of the journey of life. India is a country where women were worshiped as Goddess. Though the society in which we live has been shaped historically by males. But recently the existing scenario appears to be changing with the realization of strengths among females. A harmonious society appears to be emerging with the fast speed of decline in gender-specificity. In order to empirically confirm these notions, the present researchers decided to explore and compare the profile of strengths of male-female adolescents. A test of Hindi adaptation of Value In Action (VIA) Inventory of Strengths for Youth by Shree and Singh (2013) was used. A purposive sample of 150 adolescents in which 75 were males and 75 were females with the age range of 13-17 years was drawn from Rohtak city, Haryana. The descriptive statistics was used to find out the mean differences in strengths of male and female adolescents. They differed to some extent in their profile of signature strengths. Further the profile of top five strengths also called “signature strengths”, the male and female differed in two out of five signature strengths. The similar signature strengths found in both male and female adolescents were such as judgment/critical thinking, appreciation of beauty and love, however they differed on two strengths such as zest and perspective were found in male while kindness and modesty were found in female. The inference drawn from the current study is that females are more humane than the male counterpart whereas males are found to be more courageous than females. The need to foster or enhance certain strengths in specific gender are discussed in the paper.

scholarly journals Biochemical Study of Gonad Hormones in Sera of Iraqi Patients with Thyroid Disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-914
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Binding Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Molecular Binding ◽  
Specialized Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range

The objective of this study was to evaluate the alteration in levels of gonado trophins hormones i.e.,Leutizing (LH),Follicular(FSH) in sera of patients with thyroid disorders and molecular binding study of (LH ,FSH) with their antibodies The study was conducted at the specialized center for endocrinology and diabetes from January / 2009 to March / 2010.Two hundreds and twenty three Iraqi subjects, 109 patients with thyroid disorders at age range between (40-50) years and 114 healthy individuals as control group were included in this study.The majority of patients were female with hyperthyroidism and (49.54 % ) were at age range between(40 - 50) years. The levels of hormones(LH,FSH.tri iodothyronine(T3).thyroxine(T4), thyroid stimulating hormoneTSH) were measured by using Enzyme Linked Flourscent Assay( ELFA, while residual studies used Immuno Raido Metric Assay(IRMA) method only.It was found that production of TSH was increased with about (15-20) fold in hyperthyroidism over that in control.Sixty percent of patients with hyperthyroidism were underweight BMI?20.0 (kg/m2) while (44.5%) of patients with hypothyroidism were overweight BMI( 25.0-29.9)kg/m2 . The mean level of LH and FSH had increased significantly (p

Effect of total hip arthroplasty on brake reaction time and braking force

2020 ◽  
pp. 112070002093663
Author(s):  
Henrik C Bäcker ◽  
David Krüger ◽  
Sophie Spies ◽  
Carsten Perka ◽  
Stephanie M Kirschbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Driving Experience ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Emergency Braking ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
The Right

Introduction: The correct moment for return to driving after total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains unclear. Until today no uniform recommendation exists on the ability to perform an emergency brake. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the braking ability of patients before and after THA implantation based on brake reaction time in milliseconds (BRT) and braking force in N (BF). Methods: In total, 25 patients (15 men, 10 women, mean age 51.3 ± 10.1 years) were treated with THA on the right side. Inclusion criteria consisted of a valid driving licence, frequent road participation and at least 2 years of driving experience. Exclusion criteria were underlying neurological disorders as well as severe complaints in the lumbar spine and the right knee joint. The brake ability was evaluated for emergency braking with a car simulator and a measuring sole. Measurements were performed preoperatively, 6 days, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after surgery. Results: Preoperatively, the mean BRT was 671.3 ± 123.5 ms and the BF 455.4 ± 185.0 N. Significant differences were observed at 6 days and 2 weeks after surgery, (BRT 836.4 ± 219.7 ms, respectively, BRT 735.0 ± 186.7 ms, and BF 302.6 ± 154.9 N, respectively, BF 375.5 ± 149.3 N, p < 0.05). Only 4 weeks after, no significant differences were seen compared to pre-operative with a BRT of 647.0 ± 91.9ms ( p = 0.354) and BF of 435.9 ± 177.4 ( p = 0.843). Furthermore, the BRT improved significantly after 6 weeks (607.4 ± 87.6; p = 0.005). Conclusions: The braking force is significantly reduced, and the brake reaction time is prolonged directly after surgery for at least 2 weeks. After 4 weeks, no statistically significant differences were measured, although special care should still be taken during return to activity.

scholarly journals Assay of Procarboxypeptidase U, a Novel Determinant of the Fibrinolytic Cascade, in Human Plasma

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 807-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katinka A Schatteman ◽  
Filip J Goossens ◽  
Simon S Scharpé ◽  
Hugo M Neels ◽  
Dirk F Hendriks
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Hippuric Acid ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Lysine Residues ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Procarboxypeptidase U (proCPU) is a novel proenzyme found in human plasma. The active form, carboxypeptidase U (CPU; EC 3.4.17.20), retards the rate of fibrinolysis through its ability to cleave C-terminal lysine residues on fibrin partially degraded by plasmin. This reduces the number of high-affinity plasminogen-binding sites on fibrin. Methods: We developed an assay to determine the proCPU concentration in human plasma. The assay involved quantitative conversion of proCPU to active CPU by thrombin-thrombomodulin, a very efficient activator of proCPU, followed by determination of the enzymatic activity of CPU with the substrate hippuryl-l-arginine, using an HPLC-assisted determination of the released hippuric acid. Using this method, we established a reference interval based on 490 healthy individuals. Results: The mean proCPU concentration, determined after activation of the zymogen in diluted plasma and expressed as CPU activity, was 964 U/L, with a SD of 155 U/L. The population showed a gaussian distribution. However, we noticed important differences related to age and the use of hormone preparations. Conclusions: The sensitivity and precision of the method make it suitable for routine clinical determinations and as a reference procedure.

Quantifying Explosive Actions in International Women’s Soccer

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Meylan ◽  
Joshua Trewin ◽  
Kelly McKean
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Match Analysis ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
National Team ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Women's Soccer

The aims of the current study were to examine the external validity of inertial-based parameters (inertial movement analysis [IMA]) to detect multiplanar explosive actions during maximal sprinting and change of direction (COD) and to further determine its reliability, set appropriate magnitude bands for match analysis, and assess its variability during international women’s soccer matches. Twenty U20 female soccer players, wearing global positioning system (GPS) units with a built-in accelerometer, completed 3 trials of a 40-m sprint and a 20-m sprint with a change of direction to the right or left at 10 m. Furthermore, 13 women’s national-team players (157 files; 4–27 matches/player) were analyzed to ascertain match-to-match variability. Video synchronization indicated that the IMA signal was instantaneous with explosive movement (acceleration, deceleration, COD). Peak GPS velocity during the 40-m sprint showed similar reliability (coefficient of variation [CV] = 2.1%) to timing gates but increased before and after COD (CV = 4.5–13%). IMA variability was greater at the start of sprints (CV = 16–21%) than before and after COD (CV = 13–16%). IMA threshold for match analysis was set at 2.5 m · s–1 · s–1 by subtracting 1 SD from the mean IMA during sprint trials. IMA match variability (CV = 14%) differed from high-speed GPS metrics (35–60%). Practitioners are advised that timing lights should remain the gold standard for monitoring sprint and acceleration capabilities of athletes. However, IMA could be a reliable method to monitor explosive actions between matches and assess changes due to various factors such as congested schedule, tactics, heat, or altitude.

scholarly journals A Change in Ocular Circulation after Photocoagulation for Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Neonate

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Matsumoto ◽  
Takashi Itokawa ◽  
Tomoaki Shiba ◽  
Kotaro Hine ◽  
Yuichi Hori
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Laser Speckle ◽  
Laser Speckle Flowgraphy ◽  
Ocular Circulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Photocoagulation Treatment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Background: The dilation of veins and tortuosity of arteries that occur in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are improved by therapy, and thus posttherapy changes in ocular circulation are also conceivable. We report a case of ROP in which we were able to measure the ocular circulation before and after photocoagulation therapy, using a laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) system that is modified for neonates. Case Report: A female infant was born at 25 weeks’ gestation with a birth weight of 808 g. We performed photocoagulation in both eyes at age 15 weeks, and we measured the ocular circulation with the “LSFG-baby” system before and at 12 weeks after the photocoagulation treatment. We also measured the mean blur rate (MBR) in the optic nerve head (ONH) and the relative flow volume (RFV) in the retinal vessels, and we examined the change rates from before to after treatment. The changing rate of the MBR-A (the mean of all values) in the ONH in the right and left eyes was 76.5 and 98.5%, respectively. The vascular RFV in the severe dilation and tortuosity quadrant also tended to decrease. Conclusions: Photocoagulation improved the dilation of veins and tortuosity of arteries and reduced the ocular blood flow in this neonate with ROP. The LSFG-baby system effectively and directly revealed the optic nerve and retinal blood vessels.

scholarly journals Effect of Cable Cerclage on Regional Blood Circulation in Rabbits: A Scintigraphic Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozgur Karakoyun ◽  
Ertan Sahin ◽  
Mehmet Fatih Erol ◽  
Mesut Kariksiz ◽  
Metin Kucukkaya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Kirschner Wire ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
Femoral Cortex ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Purpose To evaluate changes in blood circulation of the femoral cortex in rabbits using scintigraphy before and after cable cerclage alone or combined with an intramedullary Kirschner wire. Method Ten New Zealand rabbits were used. For the right femur, a 2-mm-thick cable was placed around the mid-diaphyseal region and squeezed with a 400-N force and locked with a clip. For the left femur, a 1.8-mm Kirschner wire was inserted retrogradely into the medullary canal, and a 2-mm-thick cable was applied using the same technique. The blood perfusion ratio of the region of interest (ROI) before and after surgery was evaluated using scintigraphy. Results For the right femurs, the mean ROI perfusion ratio decreased by 45% from 2.51 to 1.37 after intervention (p=0.001). For the left femurs, the mean ROI perfusion ratio decreased by 56% from 2.12 to 0.92 after intervention (p<0.001). The mean ROI perfusion ratio post-intervention was higher in the right than left femurs (p=0.017). Conclusion Cable cerclage around the femoral cortex significantly decreased blood circulation in the area.

Solar Radiation at a Wavelength of 10 Centimetres including Eclipse Observations

1949 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Piddington ◽  
JV Hindman
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Average Polarization ◽  
Eclipse Observations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intense Radiation

Observations were made of the intensity of solar radiation at a wavelength of 10.0 centimetres before and during the partial eclipse of November 1, 1948. Measurements were also made of the average level of solar radiation on a number of days before and after the eclipse. In this way conditions during the eclipse were related to the varying day-to-day level of intensity. A determination of the distribution of intensity of radiation over the solar disk was made, the most intense radiation coming from near the limb and some radiation from beyond the limb. At least one small area was located which emitted more intensely than the average. �� Polarization measurements, although inconclusive, suggest that radiation from one " hot " area was partially circularly polarized. Excess of either right- or left-hand polarized component at eclipse maximum was small, probably less than 1� per cent. of the mean and perhaps zero. It is shown that the usually accepted value of the solar general magnetic field of 50 gauss at the poles should provide an excess of one component of about 2� per cent. at eclipse maximum.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document