scholarly journals An Overview of Alkylresorcinols Biological Properties and Effects

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Anastasia A. Zabolotneva ◽  
Olga P. Shatova ◽  
Anastasia A. Sadova ◽  
Aleksandr V. Shestopalov ◽  
Sergei A. Roumiantsev
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Anticancer Treatment

The investigation of alkylresorcinols has drawn an increasing interest recently. Alkylresorcinols (ARs) are natural chemical compounds synthesized by bacteria, fungi, sponges, and higher plants, possessing a lipophilic polyphenol structures and a myriad of biological properties. Human takes ARs as a component of a whole grain diet (from whole grain rye, wheat, and barley products), and thus, alkylresorcinols are frequently used as whole grain intake markers. Besides, ARs are considered as promising bioregulators of metabolic and immune processes, as well as adjuvant therapeutic agents for antimicrobial and anticancer treatment. In this review, we attempted to systematize the accumulated information concerning ARs origin, metabolism, biological properties, and their effect on human health.

Bio-organometallic Peptide Conjugates: Recent Advances in Their Synthesis and Prospects for Biomedical Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 2508-2523
Author(s):  
Johana Gómez ◽  
Diego Sierra ◽  
Constanza Cárdenas ◽  
Fanny Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Organometallic Complexes ◽  
Chemical Behavior ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Bioorganometallic Chemistry ◽  
Pharmacological Control

One area of organometallic chemistry that has attracted great interest in recent years is the syntheses, characterization and study of organometallic complexes conjugated to biomolecules with different steric and electronic properties as potential therapeutic agents against cancer and malaria, as antibiotics and as radiopharmaceuticals. This minireview focuses on the unique structural diversity that has recently been discovered in α- amino acids and the reactions of metallocene complexes with peptides having different chemical behavior and potential medical applications. Replacing α-amino acids with metallocene fragments is an effective way of selectively influencing the physicochemical, structural, electrochemical and biological properties of the peptides. Consequently, research in the field of bioorganometallic chemistry offers the opportunity to develop bioactive metal compounds as an innovative and promising approach in the search for pharmacological control of different diseases.

Synthesis and Biological Properties of some New Lead Sulphonamide and Carboxamide Scaffolds Bearing Coumarin Moiety (Mini Review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosmas Chinweike Eze ◽  
Mercy Amarachukwu Ezeokonkwo ◽  
Benjamin Ebere Ezema ◽  
Abraham Efeturi Onoabedje ◽  
David Izuchukwu Ugwu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Amide Group ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Important Class ◽  
Synthetic Route ◽  
Therapeutic Activities

: Coumarin, sulphonamide and amide scaffolds exhibit diverse pharmacological features and constitute an important class of therapeutic agents. In this review, we have discussed the synthesis, biological properties, and SAR of coumarins containing sulphonamide or amide group in the last seven years. Many reviews on the therapeutic activities of coumarins, sulphonamides, and amides have been published, hence the authors focused on coumarin-linked sulphonamide or amide scaffolds. The review provides information on the synthetic route to new coumarins containing sulphonamide or amide groups with improved pharmacological properties.

scholarly journals Flavonoids from the Genus Euphorbia: Isolation, Structure, Pharmacological Activities and Structure–Activity Relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 428
Author(s):  
Douglas Kemboi Magozwi ◽  
Mmabatho Dinala ◽  
Nthabiseng Mokwana ◽  
Xavier Siwe-Noundou ◽  
Rui W. M. Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Skeletal Structure ◽  
Activity Relationship ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Review Reports

Plants of the genus Euphorbia are widely distributed across temperate, tropical and subtropical regions of South America, Asia and Africa with established Ayurvedic, Chinese and Malay ethnomedical records. The present review reports the isolation, occurrence, phytochemistry, biological properties, therapeutic potential and structure–activity relationship of Euphorbia flavonoids for the period covering 2000–2020, while identifying potential areas for future studies aimed at development of new therapeutic agents from these plants. The findings suggest that the extracts and isolated flavonoids possess anticancer, antiproliferative, antimalarial, antibacterial, anti-venom, anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatitis and antioxidant properties and have different mechanisms of action against cancer cells. Of the investigated species, over 80 different types of flavonoids have been isolated to date. Most of the isolated flavonoids were flavonols and comprised simple O-substitution patterns, C-methylation and prenylation. Others had a glycoside, glycosidic linkages and a carbohydrate attached at either C-3 or C-7, and were designated as d-glucose, l-rhamnose or glucorhamnose. The structure–activity relationship studies showed that methylation of the hydroxyl groups on C-3 or C-7 reduces the activities while glycosylation loses the activity and that the parent skeletal structure is essential in retaining the activity. These constituents can therefore offer potential alternative scaffolds towards development of new Euphorbia-based therapeutic agents.

scholarly journals Bile Acid Conjugates with Anticancer Activity: Most Recent Research

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Navacchia ◽  
Elena Marchesi ◽  
Daniela Perrone
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Hybrid Functional ◽  
Hybrid Molecules

The advantages of a treatment modality that combines two or more therapeutic agents in cancer therapy encourages the study of hybrid functional compounds for pharmacological applications. In light of this, we reviewed recent works on hybrid molecules based on bile acids. Due to their biological properties, as well as their different chemical/biochemical reactive moieties, bile acids can be considered very interesting starting molecules for conjugation with natural or synthetic bioactive molecules.

scholarly journals The Triple Jags of Dietary Fibers in Cereals: How Biotechnology Is Longing for High FiberGrains

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ermelinda Botticella ◽  
Daniel Valentin Savatin ◽  
Francesco Sestili
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Grain Products ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Grain Foods ◽  
Significant Health

Cereals represent an important source of beneficial compounds for human health, such as macro- and micronutrients, vitamins, and bioactive molecules. Generally, the consumption of whole-grain products is associated with significant health benefits, due to the elevated amount of dietary fiber (DF). However, the consumption of whole-grain foods is still modest compared to more refined products. In this sense, it is worth focusing on the increase of DF fractions inside the inner compartment of the seed, the endosperm, which represents the main part of the derived flour. The main components of the grain fiber are arabinoxylan (AX), β-glucan (βG), and resistant starch (RS). These three components are differently distributed in grains, however, all of them are represented in the endosperm. AX and βG, classified as non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), are in cell walls, whereas, RS is in the endosperm, being a starch fraction. As the chemical structure of DFs influences their digestibility, the identification of key actors involved in their metabolism can pave the way to improve their function in human health. Here, we reviewed the main achievements of plant biotechnologies in DFs manipulation in cereals, highlighting new genetic targets to be exploited, and main issues to face to increase the potential of cereals in fighting malnutrition.

Allergenic pollen emissions from vegetation—threats and prevention

2018 ◽  
pp. 195-201
Author(s):  
Åslög Dahl ◽  
Matilda van den Bosch ◽  
Thomas Ogren
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Pollen Biology

Allergic diseases are caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to a certain environmental exposure. Many different agents may induce an allergic reaction. This chapter concerns reactions to pollen. Although allergies to animals, for example dogs and cats, may be considered as part of nature-induced allergy, the focus here is on vegetation. Allergic reactions to pollen depend on the type of pollen, biological properties, location, and individual factors. Changes in our immune systems, our living environments and lifestyles, and climate change may play a role in the increasing prevalence of pollen allergies. This chapter contains three major sections: first, the basics of pollen biology are outlined; secondly, pollen’s impact on human health are introduced; and finally, the chapter includes a section on how practitioners and policymakers can plan our cities to be green, and yet limited in allergenic exposure.

scholarly journals Genotoxic and Carcinogenic Potential of Compounds Associated with Electronic Cigarettes: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Isaac Armendáriz-Castillo ◽  
Santiago Guerrero ◽  
Antonella Vera-Guapi ◽  
Tiffany Cevallos-Vilatuña ◽  
Jennyfer M. García-Cárdenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Carcinogenic Potential ◽  
Chemical Abstracts Service ◽  
First Time

Background. Many studies, comparing the health associated risks of electronic cigarettes with conventional cigarettes focus mainly on the common chemical compounds found between them. Aim. Review chemical compounds found exclusively in electronic cigarettes and describe their toxic effects, focusing on electronic-cigarette-only and dual electronic-cigarette and conventional cigarette users. Data Sources. Literature search was carried out using PubMed. Study Eligibility Criteria. Articles related exclusively to conventional and electronic cigarettes’ chemical composition. Articles which reported to be financed from tobacco or electronic cigarettes industries, not reporting source of funding, not related to the chemical composition of electronic and conventional cigarettes and not relevant to tobacco research were excluded. Methods and Results. Chemical compounds reported in the selected studies were tabulated using the Chemical Abstracts Service registry number for chemical substances information. A total of 50 chemical compounds were exclusively reported to be present in electronic cigarettes. Crucial health risks identified were: eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation, with almost 50% of incidence, an increment of 10% in cytotoxic effects, when compared to compounds in common with conventional cigarettes and around 11% of compounds with unknown effects to human health. Limitations. Articles reporting conflicts of interest. Conclusions and Implications of Key Findings. Despite being considered as less harmful for human health, compounds found in electronic cigarettes are still a matter of research and their effects on health are yet unknown. The use of these devices is not recommended for first time users and it is considered hazardous for dual users.

scholarly journals Composition, biological properties and therapeutic effects of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia L). A review

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Prusinowska ◽  
Krzysztof B. Śmigielski
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Lavandula Angustifolia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is a shrub of the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region. The material used for herbal purposes includes lavender flowers (Lavandula flores) containing essential oil (3%), anthocyanins, phytosterols, sugars, minerals, and tannins. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the essential oil of lavender is variable and depends on genotype, growing location, climatic conditions, propagation, and morphological features. The essential oil contains over 300 chemical compounds. The dominant components are linalool, linalyl acetate, terpinen-4-ol, acetate lavandulol, oci-mene, and cineole. Lavender essential oil has good antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and a significant positive effect on the digestive and nervous systems. Lavender extract prevents dementia and may inhibit the growth of cancer cells, while lavender hydrolate is recommended for the treatment of skin problems and burns.

scholarly journals Lichens as a source of chemical compounds with anti-inflammatory activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Studzińska-Sroka ◽  
Adrianna Dubino
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Medicinal Substances ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Biological Actions

SummarySymptoms of inflammation accompany a number of diseases. In order to mitigate them, folk medicine has used a variety of medicinal substances, including herbs and mushrooms. Lichens are less known organisms, containing specific secondary metabolites with interesting biological properties. One of their biological actions is the anti-inflammatory activity that has been confirmed byin vitroand animal studies. It has been proven that compounds and extracts from lichens inhibit the enzymes involved in the inflammatory process. The following paper is a review of research on the little-known anti-inflammatory properties of lichens.

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