Fisher Discrimination of Metabolic Changes in Rats Treated with Aspirin and Ibuprofen

Background: Aspirin and ibuprofen are the most frequently prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the world. However, both are associated with a variety of toxicities. We applied serum metabonomics and Fisher discrimination for the early diagnosis of its toxic reaction in order to help diagnose these toxicities. Methods: A total of 45 rats were randomly divided into Control group, Aspirin group, and Ibuprofen groups. The experiment groups were given intragastric aspirin (15 mg/kg) or ibuprofen (15 mg/kg) for 3 weeks. Liver function tests were performed and blood metabonomics were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: The most important compounds altered were trihydroxybutyric acid and l-alanine in the aspirin group, and acetoacetic acid, l-alanine, and trihydroxybutyric acid in the ibuprofen group. With respect to metabolic profiles, all 3 groups were completely distinct from one another. Fisher discrimination showed that 91.1% of the original grouped cases were correctly classified by the third week. However, only 55.6% of liver function tests were able to classify grouped cases correctly. Conclusion: Trihydroxybutyric acid, l-alanine, and acetoacetic acid were the most significant indicators of altered serum metabolites following intragastric administration of aspirin and ibuprofen in rates. These metabolomic data may be used for classification of aspirin and ibuprofen toxicity.

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SYNERGISTIC ANTIOXIDANT ACTION OF MURRAYA KOENIGII AND PLUMERIA RUBRA EXTRACTS ENHANCE HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFICACY AGAINST METHOTREXATE INDUCED LIVER INJURY

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i10.21004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 152

Author(s):

Engineer A. S. ◽

Pal S. ◽

Desai K. R. ◽

Highland H. N.

Keyword(s):

Liver Function ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Control Group ◽

Liver Protein ◽

Murraya Koenigii ◽

Dual Formulation ◽

Significant Recovery ◽

Function Tests ◽

Group I ◽

Plumeria Rubra

Objective: The present study was focussed on evaluating the hepatoprotective capacity of a combination of leaf extracts of Murraya koenigii and Plumeria rubra on drug-induced toxicity in mice liver.Methods: Hydromethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared from the leaves of Murraya koenigii and Plumeria rubra. A combination of these extracts was tested as a dual formulation (DF). The extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activity and phytochemical content. Healthy adult male mice were treated in five groups, for 30 d: Control (Group I-Untreated), Group II (Methotrexate at 10 mg/kg Body weight, intraperitoneally), Group III (Methotrexate+Silymarin), Group IV (Methotrexate+hydromethanolic extract of DF-250 mg/kg b.w., orally), Group V (Methotrexate+aqueous extract of the DF-250 mg/kg b.w. orally). After treatment, the animals were necropsied. Blood was collected for serum parameters such as alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST) and γ glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). Further liver function tests like Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Phosphorylase as well as Oxidative stress parameters like Lipid peroxidation (LPO), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), along with the liver protein and cholesterol content were analyzed.Results: Administration of both the DF extracts significantly ameliorated the methotrexate-induced toxic effects on all the aforementioned biochemical parameters. The hydromethanolic extract showed significant recovery in the liver function tests like ALT (p<0.05) and AST (p<0.001). Antioxidant stress enzymes like SOD (p<0.001) and Catalase (p<0.001) also showed significant recovery after administration of both the extracts. The other parameters assayed also followed the same trend. Although both the extracts showed remarkable hepatoprotection, the hydromethanolic extract was found to be significantly more potent than the aqueous extract.Conclusion: The present study concludes that the Dual formulation of the extracts of Murraya koenigii and Plumeria rubra could be an effective hepatoprotective agent due to the synergistic action of the phytoconstituents of both the plants.

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Evaluation of Risk Factors for Development of Anti-Tubercular Therapy Induced Hepatotoxicity: A Prospective Study

Current Drug Safety ◽

10.2174/1574886315666200626164554 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 198-204

Author(s):

Malladi V.S. Subbalaxmi ◽

Radhika Soanker ◽

Arivittur V. Lakshmi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Liver Function ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Female Gender ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Study Patient ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Cox Regression Analysis ◽

Function Tests

Background: Incidence of Antitubercular Therapy (ATT)-induced hepatotoxicity is higher in India when compared to Western countries. As the occurrence of ATT-induced hepatotoxicity is unpredictable, serial intensive monitoring of hepatic function is now being recommended by the American Thoracic Society in individuals at high risk. This study was done to evaluate the risk factors for the development of ATT induced hepatotoxicity in India. Methodology: In this prospective, observational study, patient characteristics of microbiologically/ radiologically/ histopathologically confirmed tuberculosis were prospectively compiled. Serial liver function tests were done once a month in all patients. Patients who developed ATT-induced hepatotoxicity were considered as the study group and those who did not develop the event as a control group. The primary outcome measure was to estimate the hazard ratios associated with risk factors for the development of ATT induced hepatotoxicity. Cox Regression Analysis was done using SPSS 20. Results: : A total of 200 patients were enrolled in the study, of them, 14% developed ATT-induced hepatotoxicity and 86% did not develop the event. The baseline liver function tests in the study group and control group were within normal limits. Female gender, alcoholism, HIV co-infection and age >35 yrs were identified to have a higher risk for development of ATT-induced hepatotoxicity, while cases with pulmonary tuberculosis were found to be at lower risk of developing event. Conclusion: Intensive liver function monitoring needs to be done in patients with these risk factors, female gender, alcoholism, HIV co-infection, extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and age >35 yrs.

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Efficiency of enterosorption in comprehensive therapy of viral hepatitis A in children

Voprosy praktičeskoj pediatrii ◽

10.20953/1817-7646-2020-5-34-38 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 34-38

Author(s):

R.Kh. Begaidarova ◽

◽

Yu.G. Starikov ◽

G.K. Alshynbekova ◽

A.E. Dyusembaeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Function ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Function Tests ◽

Comprehensive Therapy

Objective. To evaluate therapeutic efficacy and safety of Enterosgel adsorbent and compare it with standard therapy in children with viral hepatitis Patients and methods. This open-label, prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted in the Regional Hospital for Infectious Diseases of Karaganda. We examined 98 children (mean age 10.56 ± 0.36 years) diagnosed with hepatitis A. The diagnosis was verified by identification of the marker reflecting active replication of hepatitis A virus (аnti-HAV IgM) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We evaluated the dynamics of clinical symptoms and liver function tests, including total bilirubin and its fractions, as well as levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The experimental group included 52 patients who received Enterosgel; the control group comprised 46 patients who received standard for hepatitis A therapy. Results. Enterosgel ensured more rapid resolution of clinical symptoms of acute hepatitis A and normalization of liver function tests compared to patients with the control group. This led to a shorter period of intoxication, vomiting, and jaundice, as well as to reduced ALT, and shorter in-hospital stay. Key words: hepatitis A, intoxication, jaundice, enterosorbent, Enterosgel

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A cross sectional study of liver function tests in normal pregnancy during third trimester: a treasure from the past

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20170593 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 1105

Author(s):

Nirpaul Singh ◽

Shagufta Yousuf ◽

Showkat H. Tali

Keyword(s):

Liver Function ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Function Tests

Background: During pregnancy, a lot of changes do occur and affect every organ system in the body. Objective of the study was to find out expected variations, if any, in liver function tests (LFT) in normal pregnancy during the third trimester.Methods: A total of 75 women aged between 20 to 35 years were enrolled in the study of which 25 were non-pregnant women (control group) and 50 were pregnant women in their third trimester (study group).Results: In the study group, there were no changes in SGPT, serum albumen and serum globulin values in any of the subjects. However out of 50 subjects, a rise in serum alkaline phosphatase could be demonstrated in as many as 44 (88%) subjects. In 10 (20%) subject Serum Bilirubin was high and in 6 (12%) subjects each a rise in SGOT and fall in Serum Proteins could be demonstrated.Conclusions: Except for a significant change in serum phosphatase levels, there is no significant variation in any of the liver function tests in third trimester of pregnancy.

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Tumor Markers, Liver Function Tests and Symptoms in 115 Patients with Isolated Colorectal Liver Metastases

The International Journal of Biological Markers ◽

10.1177/172460088900400104 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 18-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Lorenz ◽

R.P. Baum ◽

G. Oremek ◽

R. Inglis ◽

M. Reimann-Kirkowa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Function ◽

Liver Metastases ◽

Colorectal Liver Metastases ◽

Tumor Antigens ◽

Preoperative Staging ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Ca 125 ◽

Control Group ◽

Biliary Disease ◽

Function Tests

Development of the hybridoma technique has made the identification of several new tumor antigens possible. Although it was hoped that they would be more tumor-specific, none of these markers are found exclusively in tumor or in serum of tumor patients. Compared with carcinoembryionic antigen (CEA) and liver function tests, the roles of these markers (CA 19-9, CA 125, CA 15-3) were prospectively evaluated in 115 patients with colorectal liver metastases. Patients were classified according to tumor volume (T1 <25%, T2 25-75%, T3 >75%), and the extension of infiltration (solitary/multiple/diffuse; unilateral, bilateral). Patients with benign liver or biliary disease served as a control group (n=63). Overall sensitivity was 87% for *1 , 50% for *2 and 38% for *3 , with a significant correlation with tumor size. CEA serum levels were elevated in 88% of all patients. CA 19-9 was less sensitive: positive in 59%. Because of some complementary elevations, the combined use of CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 125 raised sensitivity to 94%. CA 19-9 and LDH could be useful for confirmation because of their higher specificity; however, the specificity of CEA rose to 93% on using a cut-off of 10 ng/ml instead of 3 ng/ml. The results indicate that CEA and CA 19-9 as well as liver function tests are helpful for preoperative staging in conjunction with imaging procedures before liver resection or regional chemotherapy.

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Effect of an iodophor-silicate disinfecting and cleaning agent on liver function tests, the structure of the small intestine, and bone parameters in a rat model study

Medycyna Weterynaryjna ◽

10.21521/mw.6346 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (11) ◽

pp. 6346-2019

Author(s):

SIEMOWIT MUSZYŃSKI ◽

PIOTR DOBROWOLSKI ◽

YULIA IVASHKIV ◽

HALYNA RUDYK ◽

OKSANA BREZVYN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Function ◽

Rat Model ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Control Group ◽

Long Bones ◽

Experimental Animals ◽

Cleaning Agent ◽

Reduced Body ◽

Function Tests ◽

Model Study

The aim of the study was to assess the risk of using an iodophor disinfecting and cleaning agent based on clinoptilolite intended for dry disinfection in the presence of non-ruminants. In a rat model study, a suspension containing 103.3 mg/kg b. w. of the disinfectant (a dose of 0.1 of LD50) was administrated per os for a period of 21 days. Its toxicity was assessed on the basis of liver function tests. The effects of the disinfectant on the histological parameters of the duodenum and jejunum and on the properties of long bones were determined. Although the agent showed no toxicity, at the end of the experiment the experimental animals had lower body weights than the control group animals (P < 0.01). The disinfectant exerted an adverse effect on the histological parameters of the jejunum, reducing the length of the intestinal villi (P < 0.01) and the absorption area (P < 0.05) and increasing the crypt depth (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the presence of clinoptilolite positively influenced the parameters of long bones, increasing their mass (P < 0.001), length (P < 0.001), density (P < 0.01), and ash content (P < 0.01). In the bone metaphysis and epiphysis root, a significant increase was found in the trabecular bone volume (P < 0.001) and the trabecular number (P < 0.05). Bone fracture strength was also increased (P < 0.05) in the experimental animals. The results obtained show that iodophores and clinoptilolite can be used in veterinary practice as components of low-toxic disinfecting and absorbing agents. However, the reduced body mass of the experimental animals suggests the need for further comprehensive tests aimed at determining the amount of the iodophor disinfecting and cleaning agent that does not impair performance parameters.

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Panax Ginseng alleviates thioacetamide-induced liver injury in ovariectomized rats: Crosstalk between inflammation and oxidative stress

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0260507 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. e0260507

Author(s):

Rasha E. Mostafa ◽

Nermeen M. Shaffie ◽

Rasha M. Allam

Keyword(s):

Liver Injury ◽

Liver Function ◽

Panax Ginseng ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Female Rats ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Function Tests ◽

Group I ◽

Tnf Α

Liver diseases impose a substantial health problem. Female hormones play a crucial role in the protection against chronic inflammatory diseases. Fifty female rats were allocated into five groups (n = 10). Group I comprised sham-operated rats. The remaining groups underwent ovariectomy at the beginning of the experiment. Group II served as the ovariectomy-control group. Groups III, IV & V received thioacetamide (TAA; 300 mg/kg; i.p.) to induce liver injury 6 weeks after ovariectomy. Group III served as the TAA-control group. Groups IV & V received panax ginseng (100 and 300 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 6 weeks post TAA administration. All groups were investigated for liver function tests along with total antioxidant capacity (TAC), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Histopathological examination of liver tissues was performed followed by immunohistochemical staining for nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kβ p65) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Ovariectomized-rats showed a non-significant change in the measured parameters while TAA administration resulted in significant liver damage. Panax ginseng at both dose levels significantly improved the serum liver function tests and TAC along with decreasing the AGEs and TNF-α. It also restored the histopathological picture of liver tissue and decreased hepatic tissue inflammation via reduction of MPO and NF-kβ p65 immunoreactivity. The current study is the first to elucidate the effect of panax ginseng against TAA-induced liver injury in ovariectomized rats which mimic aged post-menopausal estrogen-deficient females. The study demonstrates the crosstalk between AGEs, NF-kβ and MPO in the modulation of inflammation. Panax ginseng possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

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