Morphological Differences between Liquid-Based Cytology and Conventional Preparation in Endometrial Endometrioid Carcinoma Grade 1 and Grade 3, and the Differentiation of Grades in Each Method

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Odashima ◽  
Haruhiko Yoshioka ◽  
Kasumi Ota ◽  
Yuya Goto ◽  
Misuzu Noro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrioid Carcinoma ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Cell Image ◽  
Morphological Findings ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Screening Errors ◽  
Endometrial Cytology

Introduction: Direct smearing preparation (conventional preparation [CP]) has been widely used for endometrial cytology in Japan. In CP, sampling and screening errors are problematic. In liquid-based cytology preparation (LBC), the problems of CP can be solved. But there is a problem that cytological findings of LBC are different from those of CP. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences of morphological findings of endometrial cytology between LBC and CP, and the usefulness of the endometrial LBC to differentiate endometrioid carcinoma grade 1 (G1) from grade 3 (G3). Methods: Thirteen cases of endometrioid carcinoma G1, and 5 cases of G3 collected by the Softcyte device and prepared by LBC and CP (split specimen) were used. We focused on the following items: (1) the number of clusters per cm2, (2) the number of layers of clusters, (3) area of clusters, (4) perimeter of clusters, (5) roundness of clusters, (6) complexity of clusters, (7) area of nucleus, (8) perimeter of nucleus, (9) roundness of nucleus, (10) complexity of nucleus, (11) area of nucleolus, and (12) nucleolus-nucleus ratio (N/N). Results: Compared with CP, the number of clusters and layers of the clusters in LBC were significantly larger in G1. The area and perimeters of the clusters and the nucleus were significant smaller, and the N/N ratio was greater in LBC than that in CP in both G1 and G3. Regarding morphological differences between G1 and G3 in LBC and CP, the number of layers was significantly larger in G1 than in G3 in LBC and CP. The area of the clusters in LBC was significantly larger in G1 than in G3. The area and perimeters of the nucleus in CP and the area of the nucleolus and N/N ratio in LBC and CP were significantly smaller in G1 than in G3. Conclusion: In the endometrial cytology, it became clear that the cell image was different between LBC and CP and between G1 and G3. By microscopic examination understanding the characteristics of the cell image in LBC, endometrial LBC could be useful to diagnose endometrial carcinoma.

scholarly journals A Diagnostic Approach to Endometrial Cytology by Means of Liquid-Based Preparations

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Norimatsu ◽  
Kenji Yanoh ◽  
Yasuo Hirai ◽  
Tetsuji Kurokawa ◽  
Tadao K. Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Procedure ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Standardized Terminology ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
Endometrial Cytology

The adoption of endometrial cytology as a diagnostic procedure has been hampered in the past by difficulties arising in interpreting the cellular findings due to a number of factors (such as excess blood, cellular overlapping, and the complex physiology of endometrium). Recently, the use of liquid-based cytology (LBC), with its ability to remove blood and mucus and to distribute cells uniformly in a thin layer on the slide, has provided an opportunity to reevaluate the role of endometrial cytology. LBC samples are easier to screen compared to conventional ones, due to a smaller screening area and an excellent quality of cell preparations. LBC by using peculiar cytoarchitectural features is a useful tool in the cellular diagnosis and follow-up of abnormalities, which, however, remains complementary to histopathology and to the emerging molecular diagnostic cytopathology. This review discusses these various entities and takes into consideration the ancillary techniques that may be useful in the diagnostic procedure. Herein, we also summarize the process and rationale by which updates were made to the standardized terminology in 2018 and outline the contents of the new Bethesda-style classification (the Yokohama system) for the endometrial cytology.

scholarly journals Robust Cell Image Segmentation via Improved Markov Random Field Based on a Chinese Restaurant Process Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 963-971
Author(s):  
Dongming Li ◽  
Changming Sun ◽  
Su Wei ◽  
Yue Yu ◽  
Jinhua Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Random Field ◽  
Markov Random Field ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Chinese Restaurant Process ◽  
Cell Image ◽  
Chinese Restaurant ◽  
Markov Random

In this paper, a segmentation method for cell images using Markov random field (MRF) based on a Chinese restaurant process model (CRPM) is proposed. Firstly, we carry out the preprocessing on the cell images, and then we focus on cell image segmentation using MRF based on a CRPM under a maximum a posteriori (MAP) criterion. The CRPM can be used to estimate the number of clusters in advance, adjusting the number of clusters automatically according to the size of the data. Finally, the conditional iteration mode (CIM) method is used to implement the MRF based cell image segmentation process. To validate our proposed method, segmentation experiments are performed on oral mucosal cell images. The segmentation results were compared with other methods, using precision, Dice, and mean square error (MSE) as the objective evaluation criteria. The experimental results show that our method produces accurate cell image segmentation results, and our method can effectively improve segmentation for the nucleus, binuclear cell, and micronucleus cell. This work will play an important role in cell image recognition and analysis.

Does high-grade endometrioid carcinoma (grade 3 FIGO) belong to type I or type II endometrial cancer? A clinical–pathological and immunohistochemical study

2010 ◽  
Vol 457 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Franco Zannoni ◽  
Valerio Gaetano Vellone ◽  
Vincenzo Arena ◽  
Maria Grazia Prisco ◽  
Giovanni Scambia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Type I ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Endometrioid Carcinoma ◽  
Grade 3

Inter-observer reproducibility of endometrial cytology by the Osaki Study Group method: utilising the Becton Dickinson SurePath™liquid-based cytology

Cytopathology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 472-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Norimatsu ◽  
T. Yamaguchi ◽  
T. Taira ◽  
H. Abe ◽  
H. Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Method ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Becton Dickinson ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
Endometrial Cytology

The dualistic model of endometrial cancer: The challenge of classifying grade 3 endometrioid carcinoma

2012 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 262-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Franco Zannoni ◽  
Giovanni Scambia ◽  
Daniela Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Endometrioid Carcinoma ◽  
Grade 3

scholarly journals Primary cervical screening with high risk human papillomavirus testing: observational study

BMJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. l240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matejka Rebolj ◽  
Janet Rimmer ◽  
Karin Denton ◽  
John Tidy ◽  
Christopher Mathews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
Grade 3

AbstractObjectiveTo provide the first report on the main outcomes from the prevalence and incidence rounds of a large pilot of routine primary high risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing in England, compared with contemporaneous primary liquid based cytology screening.DesignObservational study.SettingThe English Cervical Screening Programme.Participants578 547 women undergoing cervical screening in primary care between May 2013 and December 2014, with follow-up until May 2017; 183 970 (32%) were screened with hrHPV testing.InterventionsRoutine cervical screening with hrHPV testing with liquid based cytology triage and two early recalls for women who were hrHPV positive and cytology negative, following the national screening age and interval recommendations.Main outcome measuresFrequency of referral for a colposcopy; adherence to early recall; and relative detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse from hrHPV testing compared with liquid based cytology in two consecutive screening rounds.ResultsBaseline hrHPV testing and early recall required approximately 80% more colposcopies, (adjusted odds ratio 1.77, 95% confidence interval 1.73 to 1.82), but detected substantially more cervical intraepithelial neoplasia than liquid based cytology (1.49 for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse, 1.43 to 1.55; 1.44 for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse, 1.36 to 1.51) and for cervical cancer (1.27, 0.99 to 1.63). Attendance at early recall and colposcopy referral were 80% and 95%, respectively. At the incidence screen, the 33 506 women screened with hrHPV testing had substantially less cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse than the 77 017 women screened with liquid based cytology (0.14, 0.09 to 0.23).ConclusionsIn England, routine primary hrHPV screening increased the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse and cervical cancer by approximately 40% and 30%, respectively, compared with liquid based cytology. The very low incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse after three years supports extending the screening interval.

The Impact of Tumor Grade on Survival End Points and Patterns of Recurrence of 949 Patients With Early-Stage Endometrioid Carcinoma: A Single Institution Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar H. Gayar ◽  
Suketu Patel ◽  
Daniel Schultz ◽  
Meredith Mahan ◽  
Nabila Rasool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Endometrioid Carcinoma ◽  
End Points ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Patterns Of Recurrence

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the impact of tumor grade on patterns of recurrence and survival end points in patients with endometrioid carcinoma 2009 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages I-II.MethodsWe identified 949 patients who underwent hysterectomy between 1988 and 2011. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on tumor grade. Kaplan-Meier plots were generated for each group for recurrence-free survival (RFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS).ResultsMedian follow-up was 52 months. Median age was 60 years. All patients underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy. Eighty percent of patients underwent lymph node dissection, 83% had peritoneal cytology. There were 76 (8%) patients who developed tumor recurrence. Tumor recurrence rates were significantly higher in patients with grade 3 tumors compared to grade 1 (P = 0.006). Additionally, patients with grade 3 tumors developed significantly more frequent distant metastases compared to patients with grade 1 (P = 0.002). Five-year RFS for the patients with grade 1, 2, and 3 were 95%, 82%, and 68%, respectively (P = <0.001). Five-year DSS was 99%, 93%, and 79%, respectively (P = <0.001). Five-year OS was 89%, 84%, and 63%, respectively (P = <0.001). Lymphovascular space involvement and grade were significant independent predictors of RFS and DSS. For OS age, lymphovascular space involvement, grade, and body mass index were significant predictors.ConclusionsInternational Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics grade is a strong predictor of clinical survival end points in women with early-stage endometrioid carcinoma. The pattern of recurrence in patients with grade 3 tumors is mainly distant rather than locoregional. Further studies incorporating systemic therapy in the adjuvant settings in these patients are warranted.

CLUSTER BASED ENSEMBLE CLASSIFIER GENERATION BY JOINT OPTIMIZATION OF ACCURACY AND DIVERSITY

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1340003 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASHFAQUR RAHMAN ◽  
BRIJESH VERMA
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Algorithm ◽  
Ensemble Classifier ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Joint Optimization ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Nondominated Set ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Single Objective

This paper presents an algorithm to generate ensemble classifier by joint optimization of accuracy and diversity. It is expected that the base classifiers in an ensemble are accurate and diverse (i.e., complementary in terms of errors) among each other for the ensemble classifier to be more accurate. We adopt a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) for joint optimization of accuracy and diversity on our recently developed nonuniform layered cluster oriented ensemble classifier (NULCOEC). In NULCOEC, the data set is partitioned into a variable number of clusters at different layers. Base classifiers are then trained on the clusters at different layers. The performance of NULCOEC is a function of the vector of the number of layers and clusters. The research presented in this paper investigates the implication of applying MOEA to generate NULCOEC. Accuracy and diversity of the ensemble classifier is expressed as a function of layers and clusters. A MOEA then searches for the combination of layers and clusters to obtain the nondominated set of (accuracy, diversity). We have obtained the results of single objective optimization (i.e., optimizing either accuracy or diversity) and compared them with the results of MOEA on sixteen UCI data sets. The results show that the MOEA can improve the performance of ensemble classifier.

scholarly journals Trop-2 Overexpression in Poorly Differentiated Endometrial Endometrioid Carcinoma: Implications for Immunotherapy With hRS7, a Humanized Anti–Trop-2 Monoclonal Antibody

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1613-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Bignotti ◽  
Antonella Ravaggi ◽  
Chiara Romani ◽  
Marcella Falchetti ◽  
Silvia Lonardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Endometrioid Carcinoma ◽  
Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Grade 3

ObjectiveWe evaluated the expression of human trophoblast cell surface marker (Trop-2) in endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC) and the potential application of hRS7, a humanized monoclonal anti–Trop-2 antibody, as a therapeutic agent against poorly differentiated EEC.MethodsTrop-2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 131 EEC with different degrees of differentiation and 32 normal endometrial controls (NEC). Trop-2 expression was also evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry in 3 primary EEC cell lines derived from patients harboring poorly differentiated EEC. Finally, the sensitivity of grade 3 EEC cell lines to hRS7 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity was tested in standard 5-hour51Cr release assays.ResultsTrop-2 expression was detected in 126 (96.2%) of 131 EEC samples. Tumor tissues showed markedly increased Trop-2 positivity compared with NEC (P= 0.001). Trop-2 expression was significantly higher in all grades of EEC versus NEC. Grade 3 tumors displayed significantly stronger Trop-2 immunostaining compared with grade 1 EEC (P= 0.01). High Trop-2 expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry was found in 1 grade 3 EEC primary cell line (EEC-ARK-1). Unlike Trop-2–negative EEC cell lines, EEC-ARK-1 was found highly sensitive to hRS7-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in vitro (range of killing, 33.9%–50.6%;P= 0.004). Human serum did not significantly inhibit hRS7-mediated cytotoxicity against EEC-ARK-1 (P= 0.773).ConclusionsTrop-2 is highly expressed in EEC, and its expression is significantly higher in poorly differentiated EEC when compared with well-differentiated EEC. Primary grade 3 EECs overexpressing Trop-2 are highly sensitive to hRS7-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro. hRS7 may represent a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of high-grade EEC refractory to standard treatment modalities.

scholarly journals Analysis of cervical liquid-based cytology results in Eskişehir, Turkey: correlation of cytology results with histology, immunocytocemical HPV Ab and HPV DNA results of 18404 women

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 943
Author(s):  
Bahattin Erdoğan ◽  
Cengiz Bal ◽  
Binnur Önal
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Immunocytochemical Staining ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Morphological Findings ◽  
Antibody Staining ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
Hpv Dna Tests

Background: To analyze retrospectively the results of HPV DNA, immunocytochemical HPV antibody staining of gynecologic smear samples evaluated in a public hospital and to observe their compatibility with histologic diagnosis. At the same time, the contribution of ICC HPV Ab staining experience results to the morphological evaluation is discussed in this paper.Methods: In this study, liquid-based cytology test results of patients who applied to the gynecology between 2014 and 2017 were analyzed. The Ultravision Quanto Detection System was modified for immunocytochemical staining. HPV DNA tests were performed with the Qiagen Hybrid Capture test.Results: The 18404 test result was included in the research. The percentage of smear that epithelial cell atypia is seen was 3.4%, the rate of ASC/SIL was 1.89%. Compared to the first 3 years of the study, the increase in the rate of LSIL is seen with a partial decrease in ASCUS rate in year 2017 (p<0.05). The atypical positive test rate with histologic confirmation was 73.61%. Among 138 HPV Ab results, 58.7% of them were negative and 41.3% of them were positive. Sensitivity and specificity rates were determined 76.19% and 52.17% for SIL. Among 53 HPV DNA results (53% negative and 46.3% positive); sensitivity and specificity rates were determined 92.86% and 50% for SIL.Conclusions: İmmunocytochemical HPV Ab staining provided statistically significant contribution to LSIL (p<0.05).  It is thought that it also will provide additional evidence for morphological findings while cytological evaluation and may help the clinician in managing the conditions for disease. 

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