scholarly journals Pulse Wave Velocity, Central Haemodynamic Parameters, and Markers of Kidney Function in Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nataša Marčun Varda ◽  
Mirjam Močnik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Haemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 2

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Studies in adults have demonstrated the association between mildly decreased kidney function or even normal values of markers of kidney function to pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of arterial stiffness and a predictor of cardiovascular events. Our study aimed to evaluate associations between markers of CKD, PWV, and central haemodynamic parameters in children and adolescents at risk of subclinical kidney damage. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> 182 children and adolescents with hypertension, obesity, or hypercholesterolaemia (risk factors for subclinical kidney damage) were included in the study. The subjects were subdivided into 4 groups comprising children and adolescents with hypertension (group 1), obesity (group 2), hypercholesterolaemia (group 3), and a group with a combination of risk factors, such as obesity-related hypertension and metabolic syndrome (group 4). The study groups were compared to a group of healthy controls (group 5). PWV was measured by applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor, SCOR-Vx, Sydney, NSW, Australia) and laboratory parameters (serum creatinine, serum cystatin C, and microalbuminuria) were collected. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Pearson’s correlation coefficient demonstrated a statistically significant correlation between PWV and serum creatinine in group of all subjects (<i>r</i> = 0.220, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Further subdivision showed the correlation was significant in group 4 (<i>r</i> = 0.370, <i>p</i> = 0.002). In group 2 a correlation between PWV and cystatin C was found (<i>r</i> = −0.535, <i>p</i> = 0.009). In multiple regression analysis of all subjects with PWV as the dependent variable, age and diastolic blood pressure were statistically significant. Correlations between markers of kidney function and central haemodynamic parameters also showed significant correlations between serum creatinine and heart rate (HR) (<i>r</i> = −0.476, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) as well as associated parameters (augmentation index, standardized at HR 75/min, ejection duration, and subendocardial viability ratio). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our study demonstrated a correlation between serum creatinine and PWV in children with combined risk factors for atherosclerosis and probable subclinical kidney damage. Further prospective research is needed to confirm the findings, and thus the preventive role of PWV determination in paediatric nephrology.

scholarly journals Elevated levels of urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate are associated with arterial stiffness in Korean adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hee Haam ◽  
Young-Sang Kim ◽  
Doo-Yeoun Cho ◽  
Hyejin Chun ◽  
Sang-Woon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that cellular perturbations play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we analyzed the association between the levels of urinary metabolites and arterial stiffness. Our cross-sectional study included 330 Korean men and women. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was measured as a marker of arterial stiffness. Urinary metabolites were evaluated using a high-performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was found to be positively correlated with l-lactate, citrate, isocitrate, succinate, malate, hydroxymethylglutarate, α-ketoisovalerate, α-keto-β-methylvalerate, methylmalonate, and formiminoglutamate among men. Whereas, among women, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was positively correlated with cis-aconitate, isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate. In the multivariable regression models adjusted for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, three metabolite concentrations (urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate) were independently and positively associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Increased urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate concentrations were associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings suggest that metabolic disturbances in cells may be related to arterial stiffness.

Carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity acquisition methods and their associations with cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical biomarkers of vascular health

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Aizawa ◽  
Phillip E. Gates ◽  
David M. Mawson ◽  
Salim Elyas ◽  
Francesco Casanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Vascular Health

Updated and revised normal values of aortic pulse wave velocity in children and adolescents aged 3–18 years

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erzsébet Valéria Hidvégi ◽  
Andrea Emese Jakab ◽  
Zsófia Lenkey ◽  
Csaba Bereczki ◽  
Attila Cziráki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity

Carotid arterial stiffness is increased and related to left ventricular function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 923-931
Author(s):  
Monica Roşca ◽  
Leonard Mandeş ◽  
Daniela Ciupercă ◽  
Andreea Călin ◽  
Carmen C Beladan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Carotid Arterial

Abstract Aims To assess the carotid mechanical properties in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the relation between arterial stiffness and left ventricular function in this setting. Methods and results We have prospectively enrolled 71 patients (52 ± 16 years, 34 men) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, divided into two groups depending on the presence (46 patients) or absence (25 patients) of cardiovascular risk factors associated with increased arterial stiffness. Twenty-five normal subjects similar by age and gender with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients without risk factors formed the control group. A comprehensive echocardiography was performed in all subjects. Carotid arterial stiffness index (β index), pressure–strain elastic modulus, arterial compliance, and pulse wave velocity were also obtained using an echo-tracking system. β index, pulse wave velocity, and pressure–strain elastic modulus were significantly higher in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients without risk factors compared to controls. After linear regression analysis, the increase in carotid β index was independently correlated with the presence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [beta = 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04–3.02; P &lt; 0.001]. In the entire hypertrophic cardiomyopathy population arterial stiffness parameters correlated with age, gender, hypertension degree, presence of hypercholesterolaemia, and the E/e′ ratio. In multivariable analysis, β index (beta = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.32–1.25; P = 0.001), global left ventricular longitudinal strain, and the presence of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction were independently correlated with the E/e′ ratio. Conclusion In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy arterial stiffness is increased independently of age or presence of cardiovascular risk factors. Carotid artery stiffness is independently related to left ventricular filling pressure, increased arterial stiffness representing a possible marker of a more severe phenotype.

scholarly journals Association of serum FAM19A5 with metabolic and vascular risk factors in human subjects with or without type 2 diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 530-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
You-Bin Lee ◽  
Hwan-Jin Hwang ◽  
Jung A Kim ◽  
Soon Young Hwang ◽  
Eun Roh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio

Objectives: A recent experimental study revealed that family with sequence similarity 19 [chemokine (C-C motif)-like] member A5 (FAM19A5), a novel secreted adipokine, has inhibitory effects on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, and on neointima formation in injured arteries. We investigated the associations between serum FAM19A5 concentration and cardio-metabolic risk factors for the first time in human subjects. Methods: Circulating FAM19A5 concentrations and their associations with cardio-metabolic risk factors were explored in 223 individuals (45 without diabetes and 178 with type 2 diabetes). Results: Serum FAM19A5 concentrations (pg/mL) were greater in patients with type 2 diabetes [median (interquartile range), 172.70 (116.19, 286.42)] compared with non-diabetic subjects [92.09 (70.32, 147.24)] ( p < 0.001). Increasing serum FAM19A5 tertile was associated with trends of increasing waist-to-hip ratio, fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin and mean brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Serum FAM19A5 was positively correlated with waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, alanine aminotransferase, fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin and mean brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Multiple stepwise regression analyses identified waist-to-hip ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity as determining factors for log-transformed serum FAM19A5 concentration (R2 = 0.0689). Conclusion: A novel adipokine FAM19A5 was related to various metabolic and vascular risk factors in humans, suggesting its potential as a biomarker of cardio-metabolic disease.

scholarly journals The burden and predisposing factors of non-communicable diseases in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences personnel: a prospective 15-year organizational cohort study protocol and baseline assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Tohidinezhad ◽  
Ali Khorsand ◽  
Seyed Rasoul Zakavi ◽  
Reza Rezvani ◽  
Siamak Zarei-Ghanavati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Baseline Assessment ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Pesticide Exposures

Abstract Background The rising burden of premature mortality for Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in developing countries necessitates the institutionalization of a comprehensive surveillance framework to track trends and provide evidence to design, implement, and evaluate preventive strategies. This study aims to conduct an organization-based prospective cohort study on the NCDs and NCD-related secondary outcomes in adult personnel of the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) as main target population. Methods This study was designed to recruit 12,000 adults aged between 30 and 70 years for 15 years. Baseline assessment includes a wide range of established NCD risk factors obtaining by face-to-face interview or examination. The questionnaires consist of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle pattern, fuel consumption and pesticide exposures, occupational history and hazards, personal and familial medical history, medication profile, oral hygiene, reproduction history, dietary intake, and psychological conditions. Examinations include body size and composition test, abdominopelvic and thyroid ultrasonography, orthopedic evaluation, pulse wave velocity test, electrocardiography, blood pressure measurement, smell-taste evaluation, spirometry, mammography, and preferred tea temperature assessment. Routine biochemical, cell count, and fecal occult blood tests are also performed, and the biological samples (i.e., blood, urine, hair, and nail) are stored in preserving temperature. Annual telephone interviews and repeated examinations at 5-year intervals are planned to update information on health status and its determinants. Results A total of 5287 individuals (mean age of 43.9 ± 7.6 and 45.9% male) were included in the study thus far. About 18.5% were nurses and midwives and 44.2% had at least bachelor’s degree. Fatty liver (15.4%), thyroid disorders (11.2%), hypertension (8.8%), and diabetes (4.9%) were the most prevalent NCDs. A large proportion of the population had some degree of anxiety (64.2%). Low physical activity (13 ± 22.4 min per day), high calorie intake (3079 ± 1252), and poor pulse-wave velocity (7.2 ± 1.6 m/s) highlight the need for strategies to improve lifestyle behaviors. Conclusion The PERSIAN Organizational Cohort study in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences is the first organizational cohort study in a metropolitan city of Iran aiming to provide a large data repository on the prevalence and risk factors of the NCDs in a developing country for future national and international research cooperation.

scholarly journals Use of Cesarean Birth among Robson Groups 2 and 4 at Mizan-Tepi University Hospital, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margo S. Harrison ◽  
Tewodros Liyew ◽  
Ephrem Kirub ◽  
Biruk Teshome ◽  
Andrea Jimenez-Zambrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Cesarean Birth ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Failed Induction

Background. Primary cesarean birth rates were high among women who were either nulliparous (Group 2) or multiparous (Group 4) with a single, cephalic, term fetus who were induced, augmented, or underwent cesarean birth before labor in our study cohort. Objectives. The objective of this analysis was to determine what risk factors were associated with cesarean birth among Robson Groups 2 and 4. Methods. This study was a prospective hospital-based cross-sectional analysis of a convenience sample of 1,000 women who delivered at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital in the summer and fall of 2019. Results. Women in Robson Groups 2 and 4 comprised 11.4% (n = 113) of the total population (n = 993). The cesarean birth rate in Robson Group 2 (n = 56) was 37.5% and in Robson Group 4 (n = 57) was 24.6%. In Robson Group 2, of all prelabor cesareans (n = 5), one birth was elective cesarean by maternal request; the intrapartum cesarean births (n = 16) mostly had a maternal or fetal indication (93.8%), with one birth (6.2%) indicated by “failed induction or augmentation,” which was a combined indication. In Robson Group 4, all 4 women delivered by prelabor cesarean had a maternal indication (one was missing data), and 3 of the intrapartum cesareans were indicated by “failed induction or augmentation.” In multivariable modeling of Robson Group 2, having a labor duration of “not applicable” increased the risk of cesarean delivery (RR 2.9, CI (1.5, 5.4)). The odds of requiring maternal antibiotics was the only notable outcome with increased risk (RR 11.1, CI (1.9, 64.9)). In multivariable modeling of Robson Group 4, having a labor longer than 24 hours trended towards a significant association with cesarean (RR 3.6, CI (0.9, 14.3)), and women had a more dilated cervix on admission trended toward having a lower odds of cesarean (RR 0.8, CI (0.6, 1.0)). Conclusion. Though rates of primary cesarean birth among women who have a term, single, cephalic fetus and are induced, augmented, or undergone prelabor cesarean birth are high, those that occur intrapartum seem to be associated with appropriate risk factors and indications, though we cannot say this definitely as we did not perform an audit. More research is needed on the prelabor subgroup as a separate entity.

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