LOW COST MICROCONTOLLER BASED AUTOMATIC BILLING SYSTEM WITH PROTECTIVE SHIELDING FROM RF WAVES

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Suganthi Evangeline
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Billing System ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Customer Purchases ◽  
To Come

<p>Shopping Mall is a complex of shops representing various merchandisers that enables the customers to buy all their needed things. As it is easier for people to come and buy all their things in a common place, shopping malls are crowded. As people are coming in large numbers to buy the groceries and house hold products for the full month, the billing counters are flooded with people. In order to avoid such large queues at the billing counter, we are coming up with Smart Cart using newly evolved RFID Technology. In our proposed method, the bill is automatically generated in the trolley as the customer purchases the product.</p>

scholarly journals Smart Goods Billing Management and Payment System for Shopping Malls

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.7) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Jatin Arora ◽  
Gagandeep . ◽  
S J. Sugumar ◽  
Ravinder Kumar
Keyword(s):  
System Simulation ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Total Sale ◽  
Billing System ◽  
Billing Management ◽  
Scanning Mechanism ◽  
Robust Systems

In the present scenario, it is essential to have an automatic billing system for shopping malls, supermarket and other wholesale & retail stores. Numerous billing systems like barcode scanning mechanism-based systems or tag-based systems are available in the market. It is important to replace such existing system with better and robust systems so hereby we proposed “Smart Goods Billing Management and Payment System for Shopping Malls”. In this system, the basic fundamental is barcode scanning for products, but we replace the conventional barcode scanner for faster and better results. In our prototype, the android phone is being used as a barcode scanner for simple, better and portable barcode scanner. This scanner is connected wirelessly to MCU via Bluetooth module. MCU is also connected to PC/Laptop for creating the database of all customers, their products, and bills. This database also tracks the total sale and number of goods sold per day. In addition, RFID technology is implemented in this system for payment through card-based system. Simulation and hardware-based results are proposed in this paper. 

scholarly journals Rfid Based Smart Trolley for Automatic Billing System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1593-1597
Keyword(s):  
Modern Technology ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Time Consumption ◽  
Shopping Cart ◽  
Billing System

The modern technology has increased the standard of living for the humans and the large crowds are seen at shopping malls. To save time for the customers,it is important to reduce the process of the billing time. This is done using smart shopping system based on RFID. Items that are put in a smart shopping cart are read one by one and the bill is generated and displayed. After the final bill is generated, the customer pays the bill by using their Pre-charged cards provided by the shopping mall. The aim is to reduce the time consumption needed for the billing system.

scholarly journals Effective Methodology in Shopping Mart using QR Code

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
Gayatri Bhoknal
Keyword(s):  
Incomplete Information ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Billing System ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
To Come

Today's shoppers are looking for more than just provided by websites. Malls have always been a destination . Shopping malls are the place where people get their requirements like food items, clothing, accessories, electrical appliances and so on. Malls are still considered a destination, but it’s because they now offer amenities, Experiences to enhance shopping experience. Brick-and-mortar retail clearly isn't dead. Sometimes customers face the problem of having incomplete information about the products and have to waste their time at the billing counters by waiting for their turn to come. Continuous updation is required in the traditional billing system to advance the quality of shopping experience for the customers. In addition, the process of obtaining the products is rather complicated as the shoppers must carry a basket each & every time for finding the products they want and place them into the basket, also has to deal with the calculation of the expenses. In order to solve all these problems, this paper presents the development of effective methodology in shopping mart using QR code. In this smart shopping system, QR is provided to every product and hence shopper scan the QR code by QR code reader available in smartphone. All the details of product are provided to shoppers through QR code. The scanned product id will be transferred to the managing staff .Thus, proposed system saves time & provide comfort by no longer waiting in the queue for paying the bill & checkout.

scholarly journals Assembly and metrology of NIF target subassemblies using robotic systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-J. Boehm ◽  
N. Alexander ◽  
J. Anderson ◽  
L. Carlson ◽  
M. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
Electronic Data Collection ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Major Supplier ◽  
To Come ◽  
Assembly Tasks

With European Laser Facilities such as the Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI) and the Helmholtz International Beamline for Extreme Fields (HIBEF) scheduled to come online within the next couple of years, General Atomics, as a major supplier of targets and target components for the High Energy Density Physics community in the United States, is gearing up to meet their demand for large numbers of low cost targets. Using the production of a subassembly for the National Ignition Facility’s fusion targets as an example, we demonstrate that through automation of assembly tasks, the design of targets and their experimental setup can be fairly complex while keeping the assembly time and cost as a minimum. A six-axis Mitsubishi robot is used in combination with vision feedback and a force–torque sensor to assemble target subassemblies of different scales and designs with minimal change of tooling, allowing for design flexibility and short assembly setup times. Implementing automated measurement routines on a Nikon NEXIV microscope further reduces the effort required for target metrology, while electronic data collection and transfer complete a streamlined target production operation that can be adapted to a large variety of target designs.

Teaching Enterprise — Can it Be Done in Large Groups?

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Raymond D. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Market Research ◽  
Business Plan ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
First Year ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
To Come ◽  
The University ◽  
Large Groups

This paper reports on work carried out in the School of Management at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh. Following a wide-ranging review of the first-year management programme, a module on enterprise was introduced. As part of that module students had to compete in a game, the object of which was to come up with a business idea, conduct market research and present a business plan and proposal to a panel of judges. The number of students was 225 in year one but reached around 500 within five years. The module has generated many good ideas and has attracted sponsorship from commercial sources. As yet the university has been unable to take the ideas further. It is possible that enterprise can be learned by people in large numbers, but perhaps universities are not the places in which to attempt such work.

Otta Seals and Gravseals as Low-Cost Surfacing Alternatives for Low-Volume Roads: Experiences in South Africa

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 338-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Oloo ◽  
Rob Lindsay ◽  
Sam Mothilal
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
To Come

The geology of the northeastern part of the province of KwaZulu–Natal, South Africa, is predominantly alluvial with vast deposits of sands. Suitable gravel sources are hard to come by, which results in high graveling and regraveling costs brought about by long haul distances and accelerated gravel loss. Most gravel roads carry fewer than 500 vehicles per day of which less than 10% are heavy vehicles. The high cost of regraveling has led to consideration of upgrading such roads to surfaced standard, even though traffic volumes do not justify upgrading. Traditional chip seals are expensive and cannot be economically justified on roads that carry fewer than 500 vehicles per day. The KwaZulu–Natal Department of Transport is actively involved in efforts to identify cost-effective alternative surfacing products for low-volume roads. Field trials were conducted with Otta seals and Gravseals, which have been used successfully in other countries, as low-cost surfacing products for low-volume roads. The Otta seal is formed by placing graded aggregates on a relatively thick film of soft binder that, because of traffic and rolling, works its way through the aggregates. Gravseal consists of a special semipriming rubberized binder that is covered by a graded aggregate. Both Otta seals and Gravseals provide relatively flexible bituminous surfaces suitable for low-volume roads. Cost savings are derived mainly from the broad aggregate specifications, which allow for the use of marginal materials.

Application of Epoxy Resin for Improvement of the Banana Stem-Acoustic Panel

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Azril Riduan ◽  
Mohd Jumain Jalil ◽  
Intan Suhada Azmi ◽  
Afifudin Habulat ◽  
Danial Nuruddin Azlan Raofuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Runge Kutta Method ◽  
To Come

Background: Greener epoxidation by using vegetable oil to create an eco-friendly epoxide is being studied because it is a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly commodity that is safer than non-renewable materials. The aim of this research is to come up with low-cost solutions for banana trunk acoustic panels with kinetic modelling of epoxy-based palm oil. Method: In this study, the epoxidation of palm oleic acid was carried out by in situ performic acid to produce epoxidized palm oleic acid. Results: Banana trunk acoustic panel was successfully innovated based on the performance when the epoxy was applied. Lastly, a mathematical model was developed by using the numerical integration of the 4th order Runge-Kutta method, and the results showed that there is a good agreement between the simulation and experimental data, which validates the kinetic model. Conclusion: Overall, the peracid mechanism was effective in producing a high yield of epoxy from palm oleic acid that is useful for the improvement of acoustic panels based on the banana trunk.

Islamophobia

2019 ◽  
pp. 244-271
Author(s):  
Martin Pugh
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
The West ◽  
Small Minority ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Proximate Causes ◽  
To Come ◽  
The 1960S

This chapter discusses how, misled by Islamophobic propaganda, Britain and America were unable to come to terms with what they called ‘Islamism’. The origins of what is variously known as Islamism, Islamic fundamentalism, and radical Islamism lie in the 1960s, in the ideas of a handful of Muslims in Pakistan, Egypt, and Iran who believed that Muslims had been led astray from their religion by nationalist movements. Although some Muslims were critical of Western morality and politics, Islamism was not primarily anti-Western: it was essentially a reaction against what were widely seen as the corrupt, authoritarian, and secular regimes that controlled much of the Muslim world. The aim was to evict them, return to a purer form of Islam and re-create an Islamic state. In view of the exaggerated reputation it enjoys in the West, it is worth remembering that this movement has largely been a failure. Yet while fundamentalism appeals to only a small minority, it is also the case that large numbers of Muslims have become aggrieved by the policies of the Western powers. The explanation for this can be found in long-term frustration with the consistently pro-Israeli policy of Britain and the United States over Palestine, in addition to the proximate causes in the shape of two Afghan wars, the genocide in Bosnia, the Rushdie affair, and the first Gulf War in 1990, which made many Muslims see themselves as the victims of Western aggression and interventionism.

scholarly journals “In Today’s Society, It’s a Necessity”: Latino/a Postsecondary Plans in the College-for-all Era

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ovink
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
College Completion ◽  
Socioeconomic Mobility ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
East Bay ◽  
College Completion Rates

Latino/a enrollments at U.S. colleges are rapidly increasing. However, Latinos/as remain underrepresented at four-year universities, and college completion rates and household earnings lag other groups’. Yet, little theoretical attention has been paid to the processes that drive these trends, or to what happens when students not traditionally expected to attend college begin to enroll in large numbers. Longitudinal interviews with 50 Latino/a college aspirants in the San Francisco East Bay Area reveal near-universal college enrollment among these mostly low-income youth, despite significant barriers. East Bay Latino/a youth draw on a set of interrelated logics (economic, regional, family/group, college-for-all) supporting their enrollment, because they conclude that higher education is necessary for socioeconomic mobility. In contrast to the predictions of status attainment and rational choice models, these rationally optimistic college aspirants largely ignore known risks, instead focusing on anticipated gains. Given a postrecession environment featuring increasing costs and uncertain employment, this approach led many to enroll in low-cost, less supportive two-year institutions, resulting in long and winding pathways for some. Results suggest that without structural supports, access to college fails to meaningfully redress stratification processes in higher education and the postrecession economy that significantly shape possibilities for mobility.

scholarly journals Dispute Settlement Practices through the Religious Court’s Mobile Court (Sidang Keliling)

FIAT JUSTISIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Hazar Kusmayanti ◽  
Sherly Ayuna Puteri
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Circuit Court ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
To Come ◽  
Circuit Courts ◽  
Religious Courts

This research is attempted to analyze the practices of mobile court and compare it with others. Based on the results of the study, the conclusions that can be obtained are that the implementation of the circuit court conducted at the Tasikmalaya District Religious Court has fulfilled several principles of civil procedural law, namely fast, simple and low cost. Among them when people who experience obstacles to come to the court office for reasons of distance, transportation and costs of the court come directly to the location, the bureaucracy is not complicated meaning that the implementation of the trial must be completed no later than 4 times the hearing, and the existence of an effective control system and various elements. Obstacles in the conduct of circuit courts include no standard guidelines for the holding of circuit courts, not all cases registered by residents are resolved in circuit courts, limited budgets, cases that have not been heard are all without prodeo, facilities and infrastructure, and not all religious courts hold circuit courts.

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