scholarly journals Labour and globalisation: complexity and transformation

Tempo Social ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-266
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Munck
Keyword(s):  
Labor Relations ◽  
Final Word ◽  
Labor Studies ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The North ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Actual Meaning ◽  
Short Comment ◽  
North And South

As a matter of balance of the contributions joined in the Dossier, this final word draws a comprehensive picture of the issues discussed by the authors and raises some questions pointing to a possible agenda for current labor studies. First, it sparks reflections going in the sense of discussing the actual meaning of what is to be considered either “normal” or “healthy” after Covid-19 crisis. Then it addresses such discussion to the world of work with interesting consequences, asking what is actually “normal” in labor relations. In the same vein, it reminds us the role of the so-called “essential workers” during the sanitary crisis: a lot of invisible realities which are now becoming visible. On the other side, the author call attention to imminent economic crisis, affecting jobs and companies. Similarly, he warns about the worsening of the working conditions under a post-Covid world: no “return to normal” is envisioned without shaking important structures of the already-known world. One of those pillars is the North-South divide: according to the author, that divide is loosing because the neat two-worlds mapping is blurred today – we find informality on both “worlds”, as well as either digital economy and inequalites are present North and South, so clear-cut differences may tend to disappear. The author finally proceeds to make a short comment about every of the contributions to the dossier, pointing out what is crucial and distinctive in each of them.

scholarly journals Anthropocene and “Development”: Intertwined Trajectories Since the Beginning of The Great Acceleration

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-413
Author(s):  
Marina Dantas de Figueiredo ◽  
Fábio Freitas Schilling Marquesan ◽  
José Miguel Imas
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Model ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The North ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Global North ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Great Acceleration ◽  
North And South

ABSTRACT Objectives: We aim to propose the thesis that the trajectories of the Anthropocene and the current mainstream understandings of development are intertwined from the beginning. It means that the Anthropocene and the “development” are coetaneous: the implementation of development policies for the so-considered underdeveloped regions started to happen at the same time of what is known as The Great Acceleration of production, consumption and environmental degradation in a global level. Method: In this conceptual paper, we adopt a decolonial critique as an analytical lens and argue that different geopolitical positions may be necessary for approaching the issue of the Anthropocene from epistemological reflections that can include the cultural and political context of the production and reproduction of local knowledge. Results: Our theoretical argumentation sheds light on the role of Global North and South relations in shaping the environmental crisis. Latin America (LA) exemplifies the modus operandi of the intertwinement of the practical effects of development policies and the environmental consequences underlying the Anthropocene, in which natural resources are over-explored to satisfy export-oriented trade, from the South toward the North. LA is not only a propitious context to show the validity of our thesis, but also the source of alternatives to such developmental model. Conclusion: The emphasis on development as a cause of the Anthropocene supports The Great Acceleration thesis. The proposition of the name Developmentocene comes from the thesis that development and Anthropocene are coetaneous, the intertwinement of both resulting in the very definition of the new epoch.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Influence of the Mesoscale Ocean Dynamics on Phytoplanktonic Plumes around the Marquesas Islands Using Multi-Satellite Missions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelina Cassianides ◽  
Elodie Martinez ◽  
Christophe Maes ◽  
Xavier Carton ◽  
Thomas Gorgues
Keyword(s):  
Finite Size ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Dynamic Activity ◽  
Marquesas Islands ◽  
The North ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Dynamical Regimes ◽  
North And South

The Marquesas islands are a place of strong phytoplanktonic enhancement, whose original mechanisms have not been explained yet. Several mechanisms such as current−bathymetry interactions or island run-off can fertilize waters in the immediate vicinity or downstream of the islands, allowing phytoplankton enhancement. Here, we took the opportunity of an oceanographic cruise carried out at the end of 2018, to combine in situ and satellite observations to investigate two phytoplanktonic blooms occurring north and south of the archipelago. First, Lagrangian diagnostics show that both chlorophyll-a concentrations (Chl) plumes are advected from the islands. Second, the use of Finite-size Lyaponov Exponent and frontogenesis diagnostics reveal how the Chl plumes are shaped by the passage of a mesoscale cyclonic eddy in the south and by a converging front and finer-scale dynamic activity in the north. Our results based on these observations provide clues to the hypothesis of a fertilization from the islands themselves allowing phytoplankton to thrive. They also highlight the role of advection to disperse and shape the Chl plumes in two regions with contrasting dynamical regimes.

scholarly journals Urban Regeneration Projects Bound to Water, along and towards the Tagus Estuary (Portugal)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6578
Author(s):  
Caterina Anastasia
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Tagus Estuary ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
The North ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
North And South ◽  
Hydrographic Network

Water is becoming a support for landscape and urban projects in a densely urbanised area settled along the Tagus Estuary, dubbed the City of the Tagus Estuary (CTE). Analysing two recent projects along and towards the Tagus Estuary hydrographic network, this article highlights how the most evident limit (the water) can function as the strongest binder, natural link, and shared public space of the CTE. Located, respectively, on the north and south banks of the estuary, the analysed projects become a way to think about urban strategies and promotions that use water as a way to build (re-build or reformulate) the image of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. Today, open spaces bound to waterlines support an appealing and winning urban regeneration formula. Our goal is to understand what kind of role water is called to play with regard to the CTE. We ask: is the water called to play merely the role of building a new image of the city as a ground for investors? Is water the way to build a green and habitable CTE? This article concludes that the analysed projects contribute (as expected) to the promotion of the surrounding areas and propose appropriate solutions while occasionally overcoming the current local urban planning.

scholarly journals The Development of a Split-tail Heliosphere and the Role of Non-ideal Processes: A Comparison of the BU and Moscow Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
M. Kornbleuth ◽  
M. Opher ◽  
I. Baliukin ◽  
M. Gkioulidou ◽  
J. D. Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Magnetic Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Magnetic Field Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
Mhd Instabilities ◽  
North And South ◽  
Numerical Treatments ◽  
Numerical Approaches

Abstract Global models of the heliosphere are critical tools used in the interpretation of heliospheric observations. There are several three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) heliospheric models that rely on different strategies and assumptions. Until now only one paper has compared global heliosphere models, but without magnetic field effects. We compare the results of two different MHD models, the BU and Moscow models. Both models use identical boundary conditions to compare how different numerical approaches and physical assumptions contribute to the heliospheric solution. Based on the different numerical treatments of discontinuities, the BU model allows for the presence of magnetic reconnection, while the Moscow model does not. Both models predict collimation of the solar outflow in the heliosheath by the solar magnetic field and produce a split tail where the solar magnetic field confines the charged solar particles into distinct north and south columns that become lobes. In the BU model, the interstellar medium (ISM) flows between the two lobes at large distances due to MHD instabilities and reconnection. Reconnection in the BU model at the port flank affects the draping of the interstellar magnetic field in the immediate vicinity of the heliopause. Different draping in the models cause different ISM pressures, yielding different heliosheath thicknesses and boundary locations, with the largest effects at high latitudes. The BU model heliosheath is 15% thinner and the heliopause is 7% more inwards at the north pole relative to the Moscow model. These differences in the two plasma solutions may manifest themselves in energetic neutral atom measurements of the heliosphere.

Food

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-101
Author(s):  
Judkin Browning ◽  
Timothy Silver
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Food Riots ◽  
The Government ◽  
North And South

This chapter discusses the ways that the North and South provided food for their armies and civilians, and the difficulties they encountered. The South struggled mightily to provide enough food for its residents, while the North thoroughly succeeded, thanks to several innovations in harvesting, canning, and transporting food. Southern farmers proved unable to provide enough food because of fields ruined by the weather, Union occupation, or confiscation by both armies. Food riots broke out throughout the South as a result of the shortages, and the government tried to respond with various relief measures. The chapter discusses the role of food in the second battle of Bull Run, Antietam, Chancellorsville, and especially the devastating use of food (or its lack) as a weapon during the siege of Vicksburg. It discusses the effects of starvation faced by the soldiers and civilians in that besieged city in the summer of 1863.

The Antebellum Era and Civil War, 1800–1865

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-98
Author(s):  
Gillis J. Harp
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
New England ◽  
State Level ◽  
The North ◽  
Antebellum Era ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Christian Nation ◽  
North And South

Several antebellum conservatives sought to dismantle the Lockean foundations of American political thinking in favor of a political vision that affirmed the divine origins of government. Evangelical conservatives such as Senator Theodore Frelinghuysen were among the first to advance the “America as a Christian nation” argument that became a favorite of conservatives in the latter part of the twentieth century. By the 1830s, New England evangelicals, such as Connecticut Congregationalist pastor Lyman Beecher, came reluctantly to accept church disestablishment at the state level as best for both Christianity and society. During the Civil War, conservatives North and South built upon the work of their antebellum forerunners and stressed the essential place and role of Christianity. Two examples of this movement in the North were the campaigns to amend the Federal Constitution with an explicit reference to Christ and the addition of “In God We Trust” to the nation’s coinage.

Forge a strong, Independent Nation! : The Role of the Discourse of Autonomy in Creating Internal Repression in North and South Koreas from 1945 to 1979

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Choi
Keyword(s):  
Educational Policies ◽  
South Korean Government ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Kim Il Sung ◽  
South Korean ◽  
The North ◽  
Park Chung Hee ◽  
Korean Identity ◽  
North And South

This paper compares how the North and South Korean government from 1945 to 1979 used a rhetoric that emphasized individuals’ autonomy and unity with their nations to create internal repression. This rhetoric, which the paper terms as “the discourse of autonomy”, emerged during the Japanese Occupation when politicians posited Korean identity as a unique and homogenous entity. By analyzing the speeches, autobiographies, as well as economic and educational policies published by the North Korean president Kim Il Sung and South Korean president Park Chung Hee, this paper illustrates how self-strengthening movements in agricultural and educational sectors punished individuals who failed to conform to societal standards. Because of the division between two nations, the discourse of autonomy further repressed members of South and North Korean societies whose occupations bore association to their enemy nation.

Speed Metal, Slow Tropics, Cold War

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimi Sheller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Air Power ◽  
Bauxite Mining ◽  
The North ◽  
The World

This chapter examines the production and marketing of aluminum as a carrier of uneven global modernities, thus highlighting the ways in which mobility and immobilization were simultaneously created in the world of traveling commodities, transport systems, and tourism. More specifically, it considers the role of aluminum, the “speed metal,” in modernization by linking the North American world of mobility, speed, and flight to the heavier, slower Caribbean world of bauxite mining, racialized labor relations, and resource extraction. The chapter first looks at the emergence of U.S. air power in the early twentieth century before discussing the cultural motions of Caribbean modernity and the complex constellations of mobility and immobility that structure transnational American relations. It also discusses the role played by companies like Alcoa in promoting innovation in the United States in the use of aluminum and imagining the light modernity of the future.

The “Delaware Horror”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis B. Downey
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
African American ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
The Other ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter provides a case study of a lynching at the other end of the northeastern seaboard: the mass mob execution by burning of George White, an African American, in Wilmington, Delaware, in June 1903. Delaware had been a slave state that did not join the Confederacy, and while it implemented a Jim Crow system similar to those in neighboring lower Mid-Atlantic states Maryland and Virginia, the state experienced less lynching. Delaware's evolving economy and social relations were strongly tied to the rapidly urbanizing regions of southeastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey. The chapter's analysis of the role of white and black Protestant ministers in the Wilmington mob execution and its aftermath offers significant insight into a well-publicized early-twentieth-century lynching that occurred somewhere between the North and South.

Opposite phenological responses of zooplankton to climate along a latitudinal gradient through the European Shelf

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibon Uriarte ◽  
Fernando Villate ◽  
Arantza Iriarte ◽  
Álvaro Fanjul ◽  
Angus Atkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradient ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The North ◽  
Phenological Changes ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Phenological Shifts ◽  
Latitudinal Range

Abstract Zooplankton phenological shifts may affect energy transfer through pelagic food web and up to fisheries, but few studies have compared zooplankton phenology across a wide latitudinal range of water temperatures. We examined the phenological variations of zooplankton at four sites along a latitudinal gradient from the Bay of Biscay [Bilbao and Urdaibai (BU)], the English Channel (Plymouth; L4), and the North Sea [Stonehaven (SH)] from 1999 to 2013. Zooplankton taxa showed interannual phenological variations that were opposite in direction between the southernmost BU and the northernmost SH sites. The East Atlantic pattern was the climate teleconnection best related to zooplankton phenological variations. Among local variables , salinity at BU was best related to phenological changes at BU as opposed to those at SH. Locally, chlorophyll a was most relevant at SH and temperature at L4. While we did see some imprints of temperature in causing expected directions of phenology shifts, i.e. towards earlier appearance of spring taxa and later appearance of autumn taxa in warm years, these patterns were by no means clear-cut. The dominant role of temperature in driving phenological variation suggested by some studies seems to be obscured by biotic and climatic controls acting differently along our environmental gradient.

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