Abstract P070: A Low Carbohydrate Diet from Plant or Animal Sources and Mortality Among Myocardial Infarction Survivors

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Alan Flint ◽  
Jennifer Pai ◽  
John P Forman ◽  
Frank B Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Total Plant

Background: The healthiest dietary pattern for myocardial infarction (MI) survivors is not known. Specific long-term benefits of a low carbohydrate diet (LCD) is unknown, whether it mainly be from animal or vegetable sources. Objective: To examine the associations between post-MI adherence to a low carbohydrate diet (LCD), measured by a total, plant- and animal-based low carbohydrate diet score (LCDS), in relation to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Design: We included 2,258 women from the Nurses’ Health Study and 1,840 men from the Health Professional Follow-Up Study, who had survived a first MI during follow-up, provided pre-MI and at least one post-MI food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Results: Adherence to a LCD high in animal sources of protein and fat was associated with higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (HR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.05-1.63 for all-cause mortality; HR= 1.49, 95% CI: 1.08-2.06 for cardiovascular mortality comparing extreme quintiles). An increase in adherence to an animal-based LCD prospectively assessed from the pre- to post-MI period was associated with higher all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality (HR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.03-1.63 for all-cause mortality; HR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.10-2.12 for cardiovascular mortality comparing extreme quintiles). An increase in adherence to a plant-based LCD was not associated with lower all-cause or cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions: Greater adherence to a LCD high in animal sources of fat and protein was associated with higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality post-MI. We did not find a health benefit from greater adherence to an overall LCD post MI.

Abstract MP61: Dietary Fiber Intake and Mortality Among Myocardial Infarction Survivors

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Alan Flint ◽  
Jennifer Pai ◽  
John Forman ◽  
Frank Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Fiber Post ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cereal Fiber

Background: Dietary fiber is associated with lower risk of coronary heart disease in healthy populations. It is unclear whether higher consumption of dietary fiber after myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with lower mortality. Objective: To evaluate the associations of dietary fiber post-MI and changes from pre- to post- with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Design: The Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS) are two large prospective cohort studies of US women and men with repeated dietary measurements. We included 2,258 women and 1,840 men who were free of cardiovascular disease, stroke or cancer at enrollment, survived a first MI during follow up, were free of stroke at the time of initial MI onset, and provided both pre-MI and at least one post-MI food frequency questionnaire. We evaluated the associations of dietary fiber post-MI and changes from pre- to post- with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for medication use, medical history, and lifestyles factors. Results: Higher post-MI fiber intake was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality (Comparing extreme quintiles, pooled hazard ratio (HR) = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.58-0.97). Greater intake of cereal fiber was more strongly associated with all-cause mortality (Pooled HR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.58-0.91) than were other sources of dietary fiber. Increased fiber intake from pre- to post- was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality (Pooled HR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.55-0.87). Conclusions: In this prospective study of MI survivors, greater post-MI intake of dietary fiber, especially cereal fiber, was inversely associated with all-cause mortality. In addition, increasing consumption of fiber from pre- to post-MI periods was significantly associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

Abstract P072: Low-Carbohydrate-Diets and Cardiovascular and Total Mortality in Japanese. A 29-year Follow-up of NIPPON DATA80

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Nakamura ◽  
Nagako Okuda ◽  
Tomonori Okamura ◽  
Aya Kadota ◽  
Naoko Miyagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Model ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Long-term safety of low-carbohydrate-diets in Asian populations, whose carbohydrate intake is relatively high, is not known. Methods: We examined the association of low-carbohydrate-diets with CVD and total mortality using the National Integrated Project for Prospective Observation of Noncommunicable Disease and Its Trends in the Aged, (NIPPON DATA80) database with a 29-year follow-up. At the baseline in 1980, data were collected on study participants ages≥30 years from randomly selected areas in Japan. We calculated low-carbohydrate-diet scores based on the percentage of energy as carbohydrate, fat, and protein, estimated by 3-day weighed food records. We followed 9,200 participants (56% women, mean age 51 y). Results: During the follow-up, there were 1,171 CVD deaths (52% in women), and 3,443 total deaths (48% in women). The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for CVD mortality using the Cox model comparing highest versus lowest deciles for a low-carbohydrate-diet score was 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38-0.92, trend P=0.019) for women; 0.74 (95% CI: 0.55-0.99, trend P=0.033) for women and men combined; HR for total mortality was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.57-0.93, trend P=0.020) for women; 0.84 (95% CI: 0.72-0.99, trend P=0.030) for women and men combined. None of the associations in men alone were statistically significant. We did not note any differential effects between animal and plant based low-carbohydrate-diets. Conclusions: Moderate diets lower in carbohydrate and higher in protein and fat were significantly inversely associated with CVD and total mortality in women, and women and men combined.

Abstract P329: Low-carbohydrate Diets and Incidence, Prevalence, and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcium in the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (mesa)

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Hu ◽  
David Jacobs ◽  
Jennifer Nettleton ◽  
Lyn Steffen ◽  
Alain Bertoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Robust Regression ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
The Mean

Background: The coronary artery calcium (CAC) score is associated with the risk of coronary heart disease. We aimed to assess the relationship between low-carbohydrate dietary patterns and CAC scores in the MESA cohort. Methods: Our sample included 5,702 men and women who were free of clinical cardiovascular disease and had food frequency questionnaires at baseline (2000-2002), and at least one measure of CAC during follow-up. We excluded those with implausible energy intake (<600 kcal/day or >6000 kcal/day) or daily physical activity (>24 hours). Two low-carbohydrate-diet (LCD) scores were generated: an overall LCD score was calculated based on total carbohydrate, fat, and protein, and a plant-based LCD score was calculated using intakes of unsaturated fat (excluding trans fat) and vegetable protein. CAC scores at exam 1 and at 2 and 3 (18 and 36 months later) were used in multivariable relative risk regression models to examine the association between LCD scores and CAC prevalence and incidence (binary), while robust regression was used to examine CAC progression (continuous). Analyses were adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: The mean age was 62 years, 48% of participants were male, and 40.8% were White. The mean (SD) levels of carbohydrate intake as a percentage of energy were 64.2 (5.2), 56.1 (4.9), 51.5 (3.7), 47.5 (4.0), and 42.1 (5.6) from the lowest to the highest quintiles of the overall LCD score. There were 2,652 (46.5%) participants who had positive CAC scores at baseline and 252 participants who had newly positive scores for CAC during follow-up. Among those with prevalent CAC at baseline, the median (IQR) of increases in CAC was 47 (132) over follow-ups. For incident CAC, relative risk estimates (95% CI) from Quintile 1 to 5 were 1, 0.73 (0.52, 1.02), 0.65 (0.45, 0.95), 0.90 (0.63, 1.28), 1.05 (0.77, 1.42) for overall LCD scores, and were 1, 1.14 (0.81, 1.61), 0.98 (0.71, 1.37), 1.08 (0.78, 1.49), 1.15 (0.82, 1.62) for plant-based LCD scores, respectively. No significant trend was observed for associations with incident CAC. There was no significant association between any LCD score and CAC prevalence or progression among those with positive CAC scores at baseline. Conclusions: A low-carbohydrate diet, including a plant-based low-carbohydrate diet, was not associated with prevalence, incidence, or progression of CAC among those with prevalent CAC at baseline.

scholarly journals The association between low carbohydrate diet score and metabolic syndrome among Iranian adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Zohreh Sadat Sangsefidi ◽  
Elnaz Lorzadeh ◽  
Azadeh Nadjarzadeh ◽  
Masoud Mirzaei ◽  
Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Hdl

Abstract Objective: Assessing relationship between low carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and metabolic syndrome (Mets) in Iranian adults. Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Yazd Health Study and Taghzieh Mardom-e-Yazd study. Participants: Data of 2074 participants were used. Dietary intakes were assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. LCD score was calculated for each person by summing up the assigned scores to deciles of energy percentages from macronutrients. Mets was evaluated using National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Eventually, association between LCD score and Mets was examined using logistic regression. Results: Total Mets prevalence was approximately 40.5%. After adjustment for confounders, subjects in the higher quartile of LCD score had a significant lower chance of Mets versus lower quartile among all participants (Q4 versus Q1: OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.50-0.92) and separately in men (Q4 versus Q1: OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.86) and women (Q2 versus Q1: OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.34-0.82). Furthermore, more LCD adherence in men reduced abdominal obesity by 47% (Q3 versus Q1OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.28-0.99). Low HDL cholesterol was also observed both in the highest quartile of LCD score in all participants (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56-0.99) and separately in men (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.40-0.98) versus the first quartile. Conclusions: More adherence to LCD might be related to lower chance of Mets and some of its components such as low HDL cholesterol and abdominal obesity specially in men. Further studies are required to confirm the findings.

P5514Impact of pro-inflammatory conditions on myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Lopez Pais ◽  
M J Espinosa Pascual ◽  
B Izquierdo Coronel ◽  
D Galan Gil ◽  
B Alcon Duran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Background Despite all the recent publications, including new guidelines, myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is still a controversy “working diagnosis”. MINOCA patients have a characteristic risk profile, with a lower prevalence of classical risk factors (CVRF). The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between known proinflammatory conditions and MINOCA. Methods Analytical and observational study developed in a University Hospital, which covers 220.000 individuals. We analyzed data of 109 consecutive MINOCA patients admitted to our center during a 3 years period (2016–2018). We used the definitions and the clinical management of the 2016 European Society of Cardiology Working Group Position Paper on MINOCA. The composite of proinflammatory conditions (PIC) includes vasculitis and other autoimmune pathologies; connective tissue diseases, the presence of active cancer and the fact of presenting the myocardial infarction as a complication during admission for a non-cardiovascular pathology. Follow up analysis included death from any cause and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Survival analysis is based on Cox regression and represented by Kaplan Meier curves. Median follow up was 17 months. Results Around one-third of the MINOCA patients had PIC (34.8%). They tended to be older (67.9±14 vs 62.8±15, p 0.08), with no differences in rate of female sex (55.3 vs 49.3%, p 0.55) neither in traditional CVRF: Tobacco (40.5 vs 42.6%), diabetes (18.4 vs 26.8%), dyslipidaemia (39.5 vs 48.6%) or hypertension (55.3 vs 64.8%). Patients with PIC had a higher proportion of ischemic ECG at presentation (75.7 vs 53.5%, p 0.03), a tendency to worse ejection fraction (45.9 vs 28.2%, p 0.07) and higher in-hospital mortality (2.6 vs 0.0%, p 0.17). Levels of troponin were similar (4.0±6.0 vs 6.6±10.4, p 0.2) During follow-up (Figure 1), PIC was related to a higher all-cause-mortality (16.2 vs 1.5%, Hazard Ratio (HR) 10.7 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.3–89.0, p 0.03). Patients with PIC also showed a non-significant higher cardiovascular mortality (5.3 vs 1.4%, HR 3.5 [CI: 0.3–38.5], p 0.3) and higher rate of MACE (13.5 vs 9.2%, HR 1.6 [CI: 0.5–5.1], p 0.4). Conclusion In this study, MINOCA patients had a high prevalence of PIC, being present in more than one-third of them. They are linked to worse prognosis, with higher all-cause mortality and a non-significant increase in cardiovascular mortality and MACE, which could be significant with the appropriate number of patients.

scholarly journals The relation between low carbohydrate diet score and psychological disorders among Iranian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Sadat Sangsefidi ◽  
Amin Salehi-Abarghouei ◽  
Zahra Sadat Sangsefidi ◽  
Masoud Mirzaei ◽  
Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Iranian Version ◽  
Yazd City

Abstract Background Since evidence regarding to low carbohydrate diet (LCD) and psychiatric disorders is little and controversial, this study aimed to assess relation between LCD score and psychological disorders including depression, anxiety, and stress among a large representative sample of Iranian adult population in Yazd city, Iran. Methods This cross-sectional analysis was conducted on data of 7165 persons who participated in the recruitment phase of Yazd Health Study (YaHS) and Taghzieh Mardom-e-Yazd (TAMIZ) study. Dietary intakes were evaluated by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. LCD score was calculated for each person according to summing up assigned scores to deciles of percentages of energy from macronutrients. Assessment of psychological disorders was also conducted by the validated Iranian version of depression, anxiety and stress scale questionnaire (DASS 21). Eventually, association between adherence to LCD and psychological disorders was evaluated via logistic regression. Results After adjusting the confounders, women in the third quartile of LCD score might had 38% lower chance of depression versus those in the first quartile (odds ratio (OR) = 0.62, confidence interval (CI) = 0.42–0.93). However, no significant relationship was observed for other psychological disorders. Conclusions More adherences to LCD might be associated with lower chance of depression only among women. Further studies special prospective studies are required to validate these results.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of colchicine after myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta- analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Diaz-Arocutipa ◽  
J Benites-Meza ◽  
D Chambergo-Michilot ◽  
J Barboza ◽  
V Pasupuleti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Acute Mi ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerotic plaque destabilization and adverse cardiac remodeling. Recent evidence has shown a promising role of colchicine in patients with coronary artery disease. Purpose We evaluated the efficacy and safety of colchicine in post-acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients. Methods We searched five electronic databases from inception to January 18, 2021, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating colchicine in post-acute MI patients. Primary outcomes were cardiovascular mortality and recurrent MI. Secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality, stroke, urgent coronary revascularization, levels of follow-up high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and drug-related adverse events. All meta-analyses used inverse-variance random-effects models. Results Six RCTs (n=6005) patients were included. Colchicine did not significantly reduce cardiovascular mortality (risk ratio [RR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.52–1.61; p=0.64), recurrent MI (RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.62–1.22; p=0.28), all-cause mortality (RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.61–1.85; p=0.78), stroke (RR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.07–1.09; p=0.05), urgent coronary revascularization (RR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.02–8.89; p=0.19), or decreased levels of follow-up hs-CRP (MD, −1.95 mg/L; 95% CI, −12.88 to 8.98; p=0.61) compared to the control group. There was no increase of any adverse event (RR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.89–1.07; p=0.34) or gastrointestinal adverse events (RR, 2.49; 95% CI, 0.48–12.99; p=0.20). Subgroup analyses by colchicine dose (0.5 versus 1 mg/day), time of follow-up (&lt;1 versus ≥1 year), and treatment duration (≤30 versus &gt;30 days) showed no changes in the overall findings. Conclusion In post-acute MI patients, colchicine does not reduce cardiovascular or all-cause mortality, recurrent MI, or other cardiovascular outcomes. Also, colchicine did not increase drug-related adverse events. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

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