Abstract P350: The Link Between Cognitive Function and Cause-specific Mortality in US Adults

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Sedaghat ◽  
Behnam SABAYAN ◽  
Farzaneh A Sorond ◽  
Mercedes R Carnethon
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mortality Table

Introduction: Multiple studies demonstrated an independent and inverse association between cognitive function and mortality but little is known about the cause of death. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that lower cognitive function is related to higher mortality risk and this association is stronger for cardiovascular related deaths. Methods: We included 5569 persons (mean[SE] age 71[0.05], 52% women), from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) with available cognitive function measurements and mortality follow-up. Cognitive domains include orientation, attention, immediate and delayed memory as well as global cognition. We used weighted Cox proportional regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, smoking, history of diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. Results: During an average follow-up of 12 years, 1887 participants died from cardiovascular causes and 2675 died from non-cardiovascular causes. Each SD lower global cognitive performance (SD=6) was related to a 1.11 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.17) higher hazard of all-cause mortality. The associations were more prominent with cardiovascular mortality than with non- cardiovascular mortality (Table). Conclusion: Cognitive impairment in the absence of manifest dementia is an important independent predictor of mortality, in particular from cardiovascular causes.

scholarly journals Low HbA1c levels and all-cause or cardiovascular mortality among people without diabetes: the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Inoue ◽  
Roch Nianogo ◽  
Donatello Telesca ◽  
Atsushi Goto ◽  
Vahe Khachadourian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Us ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract Objective It is unclear whether relatively low glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels are beneficial or harmful for the long-term health outcomes among people without diabetes. We aimed to investigate the association between low HbA1c levels and mortality among the US general population. Methods This study includes a nationally representative sample of 39 453 US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999–2014, linked to mortality data through 2015. We employed the parametric g-formula with pooled logistic regression models and the ensemble machine learning algorithms to estimate the time-varying risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality by HbA1c categories (low, 4.0 to <5.0%; mid-level, 5.0 to <5.7%; prediabetes, 5.7 to <6.5%; and diabetes, ≥6.5% or taking antidiabetic medication), adjusting for 72 potential confounders including demographic characteristics, lifestyle, biomarkers, comorbidities and medications. Results Over a median follow-up of 7.5 years, 5118 (13%) all-cause deaths, and 1116 (3%) cardiovascular deaths were observed. Logistic regression models and machine learning algorithms showed nearly identical predictive performance of death and risk estimates. Compared with mid-level HbA1c, low HbA1c was associated with a 30% (95% CI, 16 to 48) and a 12% (95% CI, 3 to 22) increased risk of all-cause mortality at 5 years and 10 years of follow-up, respectively. We found no evidence that low HbA1c levels were associated with cardiovascular mortality risk. The diabetes group, but not the prediabetes group, also showed an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Conclusions Using the US national database and adjusting for an extensive set of potential confounders with flexible modelling, we found that adults with low HbA1c were at increased risk of all-cause mortality. Further evaluation and careful monitoring of low HbA1c levels need to be considered.

Association between selenium intake, diabetes, and mortality in adults: findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2014

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Bushra Hoque ◽  
Zumin Shi
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
The Us ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Selenium (Se) is a trace mineral that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the association between Se intake, diabetes, all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a representative sample of US adults. Data from 18,932 adults who attended the 2003-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analysed. Information on mortality was obtained from the US mortality registry updated to 2015. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox regression were used. Cross-sectionally, Se intake was positively associated with diabetes. Comparing extreme quartiles of Se intake, the odds ratio (OR) for diabetes was 1.44 (95% CI: 1.09–1.89). During a mean of 6.6 years follow-up, there were 1627 death (312 CVD, 386 cancer). High intake of Se was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality. When comparing the highest with the lowest quartiles of Se intake, the hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause, CVD mortality, cancer mortality and other mortality were: 0.77 (95% CI 0.59-1.01), 0.62 (95% CI, 0.35-1.13), 1.42 (95% CI, 0.78-2.58) and 0.60 (95% CI,0.40-0.80), respectively. The inverse association between Se intake and all-cause mortality was only found among white participants. In conclusion, Se intake was positively associated with diabetes but inversely associated with all-cause mortality. There was no interaction between Se intake and diabetes in relation to all-cause mortality.

scholarly journals Red Cell Distribution Width Is Associated with All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients with Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadeer G. Al-Kindi ◽  
Marwan Refaat ◽  
Amin Jayyousi ◽  
Nidal Asaad ◽  
Jassim Al Suwaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Red Cell Distribution Width ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background and Methods. Red cell distribution width (RDW) has emerged as a prognostic marker in patients with cardiovascular diseases. We investigated mortality in patients with diabetes included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, in relation to baseline RDW. RDW was divided into 4 quartiles (Q1: ≤12.4%, Q2: 12.5%–12.9%, Q3: 13.0%–13.7%, and Q4: >13.7%). Results. A total of 3,061 patients were included: mean age 61±14 years, 50% male, 39% White. Mean RDW was 13.2%±1.4%. Compared with first quartile (Q1) of RDW, patients in Q4 were more likely to be older, female, and African-American, have had history of stroke, myocardial infarction, and heart failure, and have chronic kidney disease. After a median follow-up of 6 years, 628 patient died (29% of cardiovascular disease). Compared with Q1, patients in Q4 were at increased risk for all-cause mortality (HR 3.44 [2.74–4.32], P<.001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 3.34 [2.16–5.17], P<.001). After adjusting for 17 covariates, RDW in Q4 remained significantly associated with all-cause mortality (HR 2.39 [1.30–4.38], P=0.005) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.99 [1.17–3.37], P=0.011). Conclusion. RDW is a powerful and an independent marker for prediction of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes.

Cross-Lagged Modeling of Cognition and Social Network Size in the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Nicole S Casey ◽  
Zhixin Liu ◽  
Nicole A Kochan ◽  
Perminder S Sachdev ◽  
Henry Brodaty
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Social Network Size ◽  
Ageing Study

Abstract Objectives This study assessed whether reciprocal relationships exist between cognitive function and the social network size of older adults, controlling for age, sex, education, medical conditions, and depressive symptoms. Methods Data were collected at biennial follow-ups over 6 years in the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study, a longitudinal cohort study including 1,037 community-based Sydney residents aged 70–90 years without dementia at baseline. We used random intercept cross-lagged panel models to investigate reciprocal associations between social network size and scores in each of 7 cognitive domains including a global score. Results Standardized models indicated that within-person deviation in expected language score predicted deviation in expected network size. Within-person deviation in prior expected social network size predicted deviation in expected executive function at year 6. Cross-lagged effects in models of both global cognition and memory, respectively, could not be attributed solely to within-person change. Discussion Findings support a co-constitutive view of cognitive function and social relationships in older age. Although both cognition and network size declined over time, slower than expected decline in language ability predicted less than expected contraction in social networks. A similar influence of network size on executive functioning indicated that relationships with friends and family outside of the home contributed significantly to the maintenance of higher order cognitive abilities in older late life. Diverse patterns of influence between cognitive domains and social network size over 6 years underscore the importance of assessing the complex and nuanced interplay between brain health and social relationships in older age.

P907Respective pronostic value of the valvular aortic calcifications and the thoracic aorta calcifications in patients with and without low gradient aortic stenosis after TAVI

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Harbaoui ◽  
G Souteyrand ◽  
T Lefevre ◽  
H Liebgott ◽  
P Y Courand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Peripheral Vascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Both the valvular aortic calcifications (VAC) and the thoracic aorta calcifications (TAC) have a prognostic impact in patients with aortic stenosis. Their respective prognostic values in patients with and without low gradient aortic stenosis (LGAS) remain unknown after TAVI. Objectives To assess the prognostic significance of VAC and TAC in patients with and without LGAS regarding cardiovascular mortality after 3 years follow-up. Methods The CAPRI-LGAS is an ancillary study of the C4CAPRI trial (NCT02935491) including 1282 consecutive TAVI patients. Calcifications were measured on pre-TAVI CT. The primary outcome was defined as cardiovascular mortality 3 years after TAVI. Results Among the 1282 patients, 397 (31%) had a LGAS. Compared to the other patients, LGAS patients were more prone to be men, younger, with atrial fibrillation, and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), p<0.05 for all. No statistically significant difference was noticed for pulmonary systolic pressures, history of diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, renal insufficiency or peripheral vascular disease. VAC was lower in LGAS compared to non-LGAS patients (1.05 cm3±0.7 vs 0.75 cm3±0.5), p<0.001, the contrary was noticed for TAC, (3.1 cm3±3 vs 3.7 cm3±3.7), p=0.011. After 3 years follow-up, 227 (17.7%) patients died from cardiovascular causes; respectively 85 (21.4%) and 142 (16.1%) patients with and without LGAS, p=0.02. In univariate analysis, in LGAS patients each increase of 1cm3 TAC was associated with cardiovascular mortality while VAC was not, respectively Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.07 and confidence interval (CI) (1.023–1.119) p=0.003, and HR 0.822 CI (0.523–1.292), p=0.39. In patients without LGAS both TAC and VAC were associated with mortality, respectively HR 1.054 CI (1.006–1.104), p=0.028 and HR 1.363 CI (1.092–1.701), p=0.006. Multivariate analysis was adjusted for TAC, VAC, age, gender, atrial fibrillation, and LVEF. In LGAS patients TAC but not VAC was still a predictor of cardiovascular mortality, respectively HR 1.092 CI (1.031–1.158), p=0.003, and HR 0.743 CI (0.464–1.191), p=0.21. In patients without LGAS TAC was no more associated with cardiovascular mortality while VAC was, respectively HR 1.306 CI (1.024–1.666), p=0.031, and HR 1.038 CI (0.985–1.094), p=0.161. When further adjusting on pulmonary systolic pressures, history of diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, renal insufficiency and peripheral vascular disease, the results remained similar ie in LGAS patients, TAC HR 1.090 CI (1.022–1.162), p=0.009 while in patients without LGAS VAC HR 1.377 CI (1.049–1.809), p=0.021. Conclusions The present study shows that VAC and TAC involve different prognostic information in patients with and without LGAS after TAVI. While VAC may be a marker of early and periprocedural mortality and aortic regurgitation in non-LGAS patients, TAC may continue to be harmful and increase afterload in patients with LGAS whom LVEF is often impaired.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal 5-Year Follow-Up Study of Cognitive Function After First Episode Major Depressive Disorder: Exploring State, Scar and Trait Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eivind Haga Ronold ◽  
Marit Therese Schmid ◽  
Ketil Joachim Oedegaard ◽  
Åsa Hammar
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Initial Episode

Major depression (MDD) is associated with cognitive deficits in processing speed and executive function (EF) following first episode (FE). It is unclear whether deficits are state or trait related. Studies following FE MDD over longer periods are lacking, making it uncertain how cognition and symptoms develop after the initial episode. The present study assessed cognitive function and symptoms 5 years following FE MDD. In addition, the study explored relationships between MDD symptoms, rumination, and cognitive deficits with regards to the trait, state, and scar perspective. Twenty-three participants with previous FE MDD, and 20 matched control participants were compared on Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System measures of processing speed and EF, in a 5-year longitudinal follow-up study. Correlations between current symptoms- and history of MDD, rumination, cognition were investigated. Findings indicated that cognitive deficits persisted with no clear signs of exacerbation after initial episode. Inhibition appeared independent of current and previous symptoms of depression. Processing speed was related to depressive- symptoms and rumination. In conclusion, results indicated persisting, stable deficits in both EFs and processing speed. Findings further suggest that depressive symptoms could be related to deficits in processing speed, indicating state effects. There was limited support for worsening of cognition after initial episode. Some aspects of EF like Inhibition could show persistent deficits independent of depressive symptoms indicating trait effects.

Neuropsychological performance following a history of multiple self-reported concussions: A meta-analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
HEATHER G. BELANGER ◽  
ERIC SPIEGEL ◽  
RODNEY D. VANDERPLOEG
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Neuropsychological Functioning ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Symptom Complaints

AbstractDebate continues about the long-term neuropsychological impact of multiple mild traumatic brain injuries (MTBI). A meta-analysis of the relevant literature was conducted to determine the impact of having a history of more than one self-reported MTBI (versus just one MTBI) across seven cognitive domains, as well as symptom complaints. The analysis was based on 8 studies, all conducted with athletes, involving 614 cases of multiple MTBI and 926 control cases of a single MTBI. The overall effect of multiple MTBI on neuropsychological functioning was minimal and not significant (d = 0.06). However, follow-up analyses revealed that multiple self-reported MTBI was associated with poorer performance on measures of delayed memory and executive functioning. The implications and limitations of these findings are discussed. (JINS, 2010, 16, 262–267.)

scholarly journals Statistical Investigation of Correlation between Cardiovascular Event ad Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 03077
Author(s):  
Linfei Dai ◽  
Mingyang Song ◽  
Danni Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
Statistical Investigation ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
History Of

Cardiovascular disease is one of the most severe health killers in modern life. In this study, the association among the risk of cardiovascular diseases, patients’ blood pressure and treatment was analyzed. This study makes a secondary analysis on the data from the Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention from Observational Cohorts in Japan (EPOCH-JAPAN) database. Participants have recruited 39705 representative participants with diverse blood pressure. The results show that the treated participants have a higher proportion of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and history of cardiovascular diseases (P<0.0001), compared with untreated participants. During the 10-year follow-up period, there were 2032 cardiovascular deaths distributed among coronary heart disease(CHD), heart failure, and stroke. The treated participants showed an significantly risk for cardiovascular mortality (Hazard ratios (HR):1.5; 95% confidence intervals (CI):1.36-1.66), CHD (HR:1.53, 95%CI: 1.23-1.9), heart failure (HR:1.39; 95%CI: 1.09-1.76) and stroke (HR:1.48; 95%CI: 1.28-1.72). Especially for the participants under antihypertensive medication, their risk of cardiovascular mortality was 1.5 times higher than that of the untreated participants.

scholarly journals Plasma Long Chain Fatty Acids and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Comparison of Statistical Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 13-13
Author(s):  
Caroline Duchaine ◽  
Pierre-Hugues Carmichael ◽  
Nancy Presse ◽  
Alexandra Fiocco ◽  
Pierrette Gaudreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) have been suggested as modifiable protective factors for cognitive decline because of their neuroprotective properties. However, the evidence is still inconsistent regarding types of omega-3 FAs, and the probable interrelation with other circulating long chain FAs (LCFAs). This study aimed to evaluate associations between 14 plasma LCFAs and four cognitive domains using a principal component analysis (PCA) and to compare results with those obtained using standard methods. A group of 386 healthy older adults aged 77 ± 4 years (53% women), selected from the NutCog Study, a sub-study from the Québec cohort on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge), underwent a cognitive evaluation and fasting blood sampling. Verbal and non-verbal episodic memory, executive functioning, and processing speed were evaluated using validated tests. LCFAs circulating concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography using published procedures. Linear regressions adjusted for age, sex, education, and BMI were used to evaluate cross-sectional associations between LCFAs, using PCA or a more standard grouping (omega-3, omega-6, monounsaturated, and saturated LCFAs), and cognitive performance. Higher scoring on the omega-3 PCA factor and higher concentrations of total omega-3 FAs were both associated with better episodic non-verbal memory and processing speed. Higher eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA omega-3) was also associated with these two cognitive domains and with episodic verbal memory. The associations with total omega-3 FAs taken separately were of smaller magnitude than those with PCA. These results suggest that omega-3 FAs should be considered in combination with other LCFAs when evaluating the association with cognitive function.

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