Abstract 171: CRP, IL-18, and BNP are Associated with Regional Brain Atrophy: Results from the Dallas Heart Study

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T Lucarelli ◽  
Amit Khera ◽  
Ronald M Peshock ◽  
Roderick McColl ◽  
Colby Ayers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Brain Images ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Total Brain ◽  
Dallas Heart Study

Purpose: Multiple biomarkers have been associated with total brain atrophy. However, little is known about their relationship to segmental atrophy in a large, multi-ethnic, population-based sample. Materials and Methods: 3D-MPRAGE brain images obtained at 3T from 2082 participants of the Dallas Heart Study (DHS) 2 were analyzed with Freesurfer and outlier analysis was performed. Divisive eigenvalue clustering of 89 brain segments yielded 24 groups with linked atrophy patterns. Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-18, homocsysteine and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) obtained 7 years prior during DHS 1 were available for 1343, 840, 1333 and 1331 participants, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis with adjustments for age, ethnicity, and gender were used to demonstrate associations between biomarkers and atrophy clusters. Results: Nine atrophy clusters were associated with CRP, three atrophy clusters were associated with IL-18, and six atrophy clusters were associated with BNP (Table 1). Homocysteine did not have any significant correlations. Conclusions: The markers studied had associations with distinct patterns of segmental atrophy indicating they may have unique interactions in different brain regions. This suggests that distinct inflammatory and other pathways may be at work in specific regions of the brain and that their localized effects may be obscured by approaches evaluating solely total brain volumes. Table 1:

Association of Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Mass and Activity with Coronary and Aortic Atherosclerosis: Findings from the Dallas Heart Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1975-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanouil S Brilakis ◽  
Amit Khera ◽  
Bilal Saeed ◽  
Subhash Banerjee ◽  
Darren K McGuire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Aortic Atherosclerosis ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Plaque Instability ◽  
Aortic Plaque ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk Factors ◽  
Dallas Heart Study

Abstract Background: Our aim was to characterize the association of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) with coronary and aortic atherosclerosis in a large population-based study. Methods: Lp-PLA2 mass and activity were measured in 2171 subjects 30–65 years old participating in the Dallas Heart Study. We examined the association of Lp-PLA2 levels with 3 atherosclerosis phenotypes: coronary artery calcium (CAC) measured by electron-beam computed tomography and abdominal aortic plaque (AAP) and aortic wall thickness (AWT) measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Results: CAC and AAP were detected in 21% and 40% of subjects, respectively, and mean AWT (SD) was 1.70 (0.32) mm. In univariable analyses, Lp-PLA2 mass (but not activity) was higher in both men (P = 0.04) and women (P = 0.02) with detectable CAC. Lp-PLA2 mass and activity were higher (P = 0.004 and P = 0.01, respectively) and AWT was greater (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively) in women with aortic atheroma, but not in men. After adjustment for traditional atherosclerosis risk factors and C-reactive protein concentrations, Lp-PLA2 mass and activity were not associated with AAP or AWT in either sex, but Lp-PLA2 mass remained modestly associated with detectable CAC only in men (odds ratio 1.20 per 1 standard deviation increase, 95% CI 1.01–1.42, P = 0.04). Conclusions: Although Lp-PLA2 mass was independently associated with CAC in men, it was not associated with AAP or AWT in men or with any of the atherosclerosis phenotypes in women. These findings suggest that if Lp-PLA2 independently influences clinical events, it does so by promoting atherosclerotic plaque instability rather than by stimulating atherogenesis.

Abstract P420: Alcohol Consumption and Longitudinal Changes in Magnetic Resonance Imaging-defined Brain Abnormalities: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Costanzo ◽  
Traci M Bartz ◽  
Giovanni de Gaetano ◽  
Augusto F Di Castelnuovo ◽  
Licia Iacoviello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Total Brain

Introduction: Alcohol intake has been related with a complex group of associations with brain structure in cross-sectional analyses, but to our knowledge, its prospective relationship with structural brain abnormalities detected by MRI has never been reported. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that consumers of 1-<7 drinks/week would have slower progression of leukoaraiosis (white matter abnormalities) but more rapid progression of brain atrophy than longer-term abstainers. Methods: As part of the Cardiovascular Health Study, 1 996 adults aged ≥65 years underwent MRI scanning in 1991-94 and again in 1997-99, having excluded 120 participants with a history of cerebrovascular disease before the initial scan. Alcohol consumption was assessed at each annual visit by self-reported intake of wine, beer and liquor. A 10-point white matter grade (WMG) and ventricular grade (VG) were assessed in a standardized and blinded manner in both scans; hippocampal and total brain volumes were also quantified on the second scan. We estimated the associations of alcohol intake in categories (as reported closest to the date of initial scan), with MRI findings at follow-up with multinomial ordered logistic regression (WMG ≤ 3 ref and ≥ 4; VG ≤ 3 ref , =4 and ≥5) using inverse probability weighting to account for attrition. Results: We observed a U-shaped association with WMG, with significantly lower risk among participants consuming 1-<7 drinks/week (OR 0.38; 95% CI 0.17-0.82, table) than long-term abstainers (P quadtrend = 0.01). For VG, the association was inverse (P trend = 0.06), with significantly less progression among drinkers of 1-<7 drinks/week than long-term abstainers (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.40-0.97). We identified no significant associations of alcohol intake with quantitative mean hippocampal or total brain volumes at the second scan. Conclusions: Compared with long-term abstention, consumption of 1-<7 drinks/week of alcohol was generally associated with less progression of leukoaraiosis and some measures of brain atrophy in older adults.

scholarly journals Association of Social Engagement with Brain Volumes Assessed by Structural MRI

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan D. James ◽  
Thomas A. Glass ◽  
Brian Caffo ◽  
Jennifer F. Bobb ◽  
Christos Davatzikos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Total Brain ◽  
Summary Scale ◽  
Control Versus

We tested the hypothesis that social engagement is associated with larger brain volumes in a cohort study of 348 older male former lead manufacturing workers () and population-based controls (), age 48 to 82. Social engagement was measured using a summary scale derived from confirmatory factor analysis. The volumes of 20 regions of interest (ROIs), including total brain, total gray matter (GM), total white matter (WM), each of the four lobar GM and WM, and 9 smaller structures were derived from T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images. Linear regression models adjusted for age, education, race/ethnicity, intracranial volume, hypertension, diabetes, and control (versus lead worker) status. Higher social engagement was associated with larger total brain and GM volumes, specifically temporal and occipital GM, but was not associated with WM volumes except for corpus callosum. A voxel-wise analysis supported an association in temporal lobe GM. Using longitudinal data to discern temporal relations, change in ROI volumes over five years showed null associations with current social engagement. Findings are consistent with the hypothesis that social engagement preserves brain tissue, and not consistent with the alternate hypothesis that persons with smaller or shrinking volumes become less socially engaged, though this scenario cannot be ruled out.

Meta-analysis of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies in Velocardiofacial Syndrome (VCFS)

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
G. Tan ◽  
D. Arnone ◽  
A.M. McIntosh ◽  
K.P. Ebmeier
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Velocardiofacial Syndrome ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Total Brain Volume ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Total Brain ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction:Velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS) is a common genetic disorder due to a micro deletion on chromosome 22q11. This region includes several risk-associated genetic variants, including COMT, and VCFS is associated with a substantially increased risk for schizophrenia. As such, VCFS may serve as a valuable model for clarifying the neuroanatomical changes associated with genetic risk for psychosis.Methods:A systematic literature search was conducted. Studies were included if they presented original data and were published by March 2008, compared subjects with VCFS and healthy controls and reported measures of brain regions according to SI units as mean and standard deviation. Data extracted from the studies included diagnosis, demographic variables and IQ. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA 8.0 supplemented by ‘Metan’ software.Results:Twenty studies were retrieved. All measures were expressed in volumes apart from the corpus callosum (area). Subjects with VCFS showed reduced total brain volume (N=156 versus N=138), ([ES]=1.04, 95% CI:1.40, -0.67), with no significant heterogeneity or publication bias. This reduction was reflected in total hemisphere grey and white matter. Prefrontal, parieto-occipital and temporal cortices appeared to be particularly affected. A number of sub-cortical areas also showed decreased volumes including the hippocampus and putamen. In contrast, callosal areas were increased in VCFS.Conclusion:In relation to controls, subjects with VCFS present with an overall reduction in brain volumes and specific abnormalities in multiple cortical and subcortical brain regions. These abnormalities may explain partly why VCFS is associated with a greatly increased risk of psychosis and other psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals Regional Brain Volumes Associated With Depression in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 371-371
Author(s):  
Shanna Burke ◽  
Tan Li ◽  
Adrienne Grudzien ◽  
Christopher Barnes ◽  
Kevin Hanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Regional Brain ◽  
Total Brain ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes

Abstract Depression has been associated with greater risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and existing research has identified structural differences in brain regions in depressed subjects compared to healthy samples, but results have been heterogeneous. We sought to determine the effect of depression on regional brain volumes by cognitive and APOE e4 status. Secondary analysis of the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set was conducted using complete MRI data from 1,371 participants (mean age: 70.5; SD: 11.7). Multiple linear regression was used to estimate the adjusted effect of depression (via the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire) on regional brain volumes through measurement of 30 structural MRIs. Depression in the prior two years was associated with lower total brain, cerebrum,, and gray matter volumes and greater total brain white matter hyperintensities (p&lt;.05). Greater volumes were also observed in all ventricular volume measures. Lower mean volumes were observed in six additional frontal lobe and parietal lobe cortical regions. Alternately, depression antecedent to the past 2 years correlated only with occipital lobe gray matter volumes (right, left, total). Our findings suggest that depression in the prior two years is associated with atrophy across multiple brain regions and related ventricular enlargement, even after controlling for intracranial volume and demographic covariates. The duration of depression influences results, however, as depression prior to 2 years before assessment was correlated with significantly fewer and different regional brain volume changes.

scholarly journals Soluble ST2 Is Associated with All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in a Population-Based Cohort: The Dallas Heart Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 536-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Q Chen ◽  
James A de Lemos ◽  
Sandeep R Das ◽  
Colby R Ayers ◽  
Anand Rohatgi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Soluble St2 ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Dallas Heart Study

BACKGROUND ST2, part of the interleukin-1 receptor family, is released from cardiac myocytes under mechanical strain. Soluble ST2 (sST2) concentrations are associated with adverse cardiac events in high-risk cohorts. We evaluated the association of sST2 with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a large, low-risk population–based cohort. METHODS Plasma sST2 was measured in 3294 subjects from the Dallas Heart Study, a probability-based population cohort. We categorized participants into undetectable (reference group) or quartiles of detectable sST2 concentrations. Associations with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were assessed over a median 8.3 years of follow-up. RESULTS sST2 concentrations were not significantly associated with most traditional risk factors, prevalent subclinical cardiovascular disease, or nonfatal cardiac events. However, a higher proportion of African Americans had detectable concentrations of sST2 than non–African Americans (44% vs 21%, respectively, P &lt; 0.0001). In addition, sST2 concentrations were significantly associated with markers of inflammation. Increased sST2 was associated with increased all-cause mortality (Ptrend ≤ 0.0001) and cardiovascular mortality (Ptrend = 0.0004). In fully adjusted models, those in the highest quartile of detectable sST2 were at increased risk for all-cause death compared to those with undetectable sST2 concentrations (adjusted hazard ratio 2.1, 95% CI 1.4–3.2, P = 0.0009). CONCLUSIONS In a low-risk population, sST2 does not associate with traditional cardiovascular risk factors or nonfatal cardiovascular events but is higher in African Americans and is associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Further investigation is needed regarding the role of sST2 in risk prediction, particularly among African Americans.

Association of adiponectin in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) associated hepatic steatosis.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 184-184
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shaalan Beg ◽  
Amit G. Singal ◽  
Colby Ayers ◽  
Sadia Saleem ◽  
Jorge A. Marrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Hepatocellular Cancer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Qualitative Effect ◽  
Dallas Heart Study ◽  
The Impact

184 Background: The I148M polymorphism (rs738409) of the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene is strongly associated with hepatic triglyceride content (HTGC) and the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and steatohepatitis (NASH), which are themselves risk factors for hepatocellular cancer (HCC). Serum adiponectin affects insulin resistance and carcinogenesis and has also been associated with HTGC. Whether these risk factors are additive in predisposing to HTGC is unknown. We evaluated the impact of adiponectin and PNPLA3 genotypes on HTGC in a large community cohort. Methods: The Dallas Heart Study (DHS) is a multi-ethnic population based study of Dallas County residents. HTGC was quantified using H-MR spectroscopy. Univariate and multivariable logistic and linear regression models were generated to test the association between HTGC and log adiponectin stratified by PNPLA3 genotype (CC, CG and GG). Models were adjusted for age, gender, race, hypertension, diabetes, HOMA-IR and BMI. Results: There were 2,259 patients who had complete clinical, biochemical, imaging, and genotyping data and were included in this analysis. Median age was 44 and 47% were male. Race distribution was 48% Black, 32% White, and 18% Hispanic. The prevalences of PNPLA3 genotypes were 61% CC (wild type), 32% GC and 7% GG. The median concentration of adiponectin was 6.6 ug/ml. Adiponectin was an independent predictor HTCG across all genotypes after adjusting for covariates (CC b=-0.34, GC b=-0.42, GG b=-0.38, p<0.005 for each). HTGC decreased across gender and race-stratified quartiles of adiponectin for each PNPLA3 genotype, and the qualitative effect was greatest in the I148M homozygotes (table). Conclusions: Adiponectin is independently associated with hepatic steatosis across all three PNPLA3 genotypes. The combination of at-risk PNPLA3 genotypes and hypoadiponectemia is associated with a high risk of hepatic steatosis. Future studies will need to address downstream HCC risk and whether manipulation of adiponectin level may be of clinical benefit. [Table: see text]

The Dallas Heart Study: a population-based probability sample for the multidisciplinary study of ethnic differences in cardiovascular health

2004 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 1473-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald G Victor ◽  
Robert W Haley ◽  
DuWayne L Willett ◽  
Ronald M Peshock ◽  
Patrice C Vaeth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Probability Sample ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Dallas Heart Study

scholarly journals Protein contributions to brain atrophy acceleration in Alzheimer’s disease and primary age-related tauopathy

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (11) ◽  
pp. 3463-3476
Author(s):  
Keith A Josephs ◽  
Peter R Martin ◽  
Stephen D Weigand ◽  
Nirubol Tosakulwong ◽  
Marina Buciuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Neurofibrillary Tangle ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the presence of amyloid-β and tau deposition in the brain, hippocampal atrophy and increased rates of hippocampal atrophy over time. Another protein, TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) has been identified in up to 75% of cases of Alzheimer’s disease. TDP-43, tau and amyloid-β have all been linked to hippocampal atrophy. TDP-43 and tau have also been linked to hippocampal atrophy in cases of primary age-related tauopathy, a pathological entity with features that strongly overlap with those of Alzheimer’s disease. At present, it is unclear whether and how TDP-43 and tau are associated with early or late hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease and primary age-related tauopathy, whether either protein is also associated with faster rates of atrophy of other brain regions and whether there is evidence for protein-associated acceleration/deceleration of atrophy rates. We therefore aimed to model how these proteins, particularly TDP-43, influence non-linear trajectories of hippocampal and neocortical atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease and primary age-related tauopathy. In this longitudinal retrospective study, 557 autopsied cases with Alzheimer’s disease neuropathological changes with 1638 ante-mortem volumetric head MRI scans spanning 1.0–16.8 years of disease duration prior to death were analysed. TDP-43 and Braak neurofibrillary tangle pathological staging schemes were constructed, and hippocampal and neocortical (inferior temporal and middle frontal) brain volumes determined using longitudinal FreeSurfer. Bayesian bivariate-outcome hierarchical models were utilized to estimate associations between proteins and volume, early rate of atrophy and acceleration in atrophy rates across brain regions. High TDP-43 stage was associated with smaller cross-sectional brain volumes, faster rates of brain atrophy and acceleration of atrophy rates, more than a decade prior to death, with deceleration occurring closer to death. Stronger associations were observed with hippocampus compared to temporal and frontal neocortex. Conversely, low TDP-43 stage was associated with slower early rates but later acceleration. This later acceleration was associated with high Braak neurofibrillary tangle stage. Somewhat similar, but less striking, findings were observed between TDP-43 and neocortical rates. Braak stage appeared to have stronger associations with neocortex compared to TDP-43. The association between TDP-43 and brain atrophy occurred slightly later in time (∼3 years) in cases of primary age-related tauopathy compared to Alzheimer’s disease. The results suggest that TDP-43 and tau have different contributions to acceleration and deceleration of brain atrophy rates over time in both Alzheimer’s disease and primary age-related tauopathy.

Self-esteem moderates the associations between body-related self-conscious emotions and depressive symptoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 833-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Brunet ◽  
Eva Pila ◽  
Shauna Solomon-Krakus ◽  
Catherine M Sabiston ◽  
Jennifer O’Loughlin
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional

The objectives of this study were to describe the cross-sectional associations between body-related self-conscious emotions and depressive symptoms in young adults and examine self-esteem as a moderator of these associations. Data from a population-based sample of 811 young adults were analyzed using hierarchical multivariate linear regression analysis. Body-related shame ( β = .26) and guilt ( β = .25) were positively related to frequency of depressive symptoms. Self-esteem was negatively related to frequency of depressive symptoms ( β = −.46). Self-esteem moderated the association between body-related guilt and frequency of depressive symptoms. These findings suggest promoting self-esteem may help to reduce the negative effects of body-related guilt on depressive symptoms.

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