Abstract TP403: Sex-Dependent Differences in a Mouse Model of Acta2-Related Cerebrovascular Disease

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie M Wright ◽  
Jiyuan Chen ◽  
Dianna M Milewicz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
T Test ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Vessel Wall Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference

Moyamoya Disease is two to four times more common in females than males. The underlying mechanisms behind this are currently unknown. Missense mutations in Acta2 predispose affected individuals to a variety of vascular diseases, including Moyamoya-like cerebrovascular disease. In this study we examined vessel wall thickness on H&E stained brain sections from WT and Acta2-/- male and female mice at 12 weeks of age (n=3 per a group). We found that female Acta2-/- mice had significantly greater percent vessel wall thickness compared to male Acta2-/- mice across all vessel sizes. There was not a significant difference between male and female vessel wall thickness in the wild-type groups. These findings in Acta2-/- mice suggest important sex-dependent differences in the function of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) in the cerebrovascular system, and likely the vascular system as a whole. This has important implications for the design of studies examining the role of SMA in cerebrovascular disease and the investigation of novel therapies. Figure. Percent wall thickness (%TH) by sex. Two-tailed two-sample t-Test assuming unequal variances: * = p<0.05, ** = p<0.005, *** = p<0.0005 and # = one-tailed t-test significant but not two-tailed. SL=short vessel diameter.

SENSITIVITAS ETIS MAHASISWA ATAS PENGGELAPAN PAJAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-195
Author(s):  
Nurma Risa
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Female Students ◽  
T Test ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Political Sciences ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Management Students

This study aims to prove that there is a difference of perception about ethics on tax evasion in UNISMA Bekasi students, based on selected study program and gender. The sample of this research is the students who have fulfilled the subject of taxation, at the Faculty of Economics (FE) and Faculty of Social and Political Sciences (FISIP). Using independent t-test, the results showed that there was no significant difference of perception about tax evasion ethics between FE and FISIP students. But significant differences the perception of tax evasion ethics occur between accounting and management students at FE. Significant differences also did not occur between male and female students

scholarly journals Psychological Well-Being in Government and Private NGO’s Abled Person

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Scale Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
T Test ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Significant Difference

Main objective of the present study is to examine psychological well-being among Government and Private NGO’s abled person. A sample of 80 male and female Government and Private NGO’s abled person was drawn randomly selected Bhavnagar district area’s NGO’s. The psychological well-being scale: scale development and its correlates. Developed by Bhogle and Prakash was used for data collection. This scale in which five factors major meant. Data was collected by face to face interview method. Mean, SD and ‘t’ test were calculated for the analysis of data. Results indicate that there is no significant difference among Government and Private NGO’s abled person in psychological well-being.

scholarly journals A neutralizing IL-11 antibody reduces vessel hyperplasia in a mouse carotid artery wire injury model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Schumacher ◽  
Elisa A. Liehn ◽  
Pakhwan Nilcham ◽  
David Castaño Mayan ◽  
Chutima Rattanasopa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Neointimal Hyperplasia ◽  
Endothelial Injury ◽  
Collagen Content ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Vessel Wall Thickness ◽  
Artery Disease

AbstractVascular restenosis remains a major problem in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD). Neointimal hyperplasia, defined by post-procedure proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a key underlying pathology. Here we investigated the role of Interleukin 11 (IL-11) in a mouse model of injury-related plaque development. Apoe−/− mice were fed a hyperlipidaemic diet and subjected to carotid wire injury of the right carotid. Mice were injected with an anti-IL11 antibody (X203), IgG control antibody or buffer. We performed ultrasound analysis to assess vessel wall thickness and blood velocity. Using histology and immunofluorescence approaches, we determined the effects of IL-11 inhibition on VSMC and macrophages phenotypes and fibrosis. Treatment of mice with carotid wire injury using X203 significantly reduced post-endothelial injury vessel wall thickness, and injury-related plaque, when compared to control. Immunofluorescence staining of the injury-related plaque showed that X203 treatment did not reduce macrophage numbers, but reduced the number of VSMCs and lowered matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) levels and collagen content in comparison to control. X203 treatment was associated with a significant increase in smooth muscle protein 22α (SM22α) positive cells in injury-related plaque compared to control, suggesting preservation of the contractile VSMC phenotype. Interestingly, X203 also reduced the collagen content of uninjured carotid arteries as compared to IgG, showing an additional effect on hyperlipidemia-induced arterial remodeling in the absence of mechanical injury. Therapeutic inhibition of IL-11 reduced vessel wall thickness, attenuated neointimal hyperplasia, and has favorable effects on vascular remodeling following wire-induced endothelial injury. This suggests IL-11 inhibition as a potential novel therapeutic approach to reduce arterial stenosis following revascularization in CAD and PAD patients.

Atherosclerosis: Carotid vessel wall thickness and aortic stiffness compared to stenosis class in peripheral arterial disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e38-e39
Author(s):  
Harrie CM van den Bosch ◽  
Jos JM Westenberg ◽  
Wikke Setz-Pels ◽  
Alette Daniels-Gooszen ◽  
Lucien EM Duijm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Vessel Wall Thickness ◽  
Carotid Vessel Wall ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Carotid Vessel

Towards Non-Invasive Pressure Assessment

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Bijnens ◽  
Bart Beulen ◽  
Peter Brands ◽  
Marcel Rutten ◽  
Frans van de Vosse
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Vessel Wall Thickness ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Vascular Impedance ◽  
Vessel Wall Properties ◽  
Invasive Techniques

In clinical practice, ultrasound is frequently applied to non-invasively assess blood velocity, blood volume flow and blood vessel wall properties such as vessel wall thickness and vessel diameter waveforms. To convert these properties into relevant biomechanical properties that are related to cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as elastic modulus and compliance of the vessel wall, local pressure has to be assessed simultaneously with vessel wall thickness and vessel diameter waveforms. Additionally, accurate estimates of vascular impedance (transfer function between pressure and blood flow) can be a valuable tool for the estimation of the condition of the vessel, e.g., to diagnose stenosis. Studies of arterial impedance in humans, however, are hampered by the lack of reliable non-invasive techniques to simultaneously record pressure and flow locally as a function of time. Local pressure assessment together with flow has great potential for improving the ability to diagnose and monitor CVD.

Human Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Growth Function and Progression Simulation Using Meshless GFD and Statistical Methods Based on Multi-Year In Vivo MRI

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Yang ◽  
Joseph D. Petruccelli ◽  
Zhongzhao Teng ◽  
Chun Yuan ◽  
Gador Canton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Plaque Progression ◽  
Vessel Wall Thickness ◽  
Plaque Growth

Atherosclerotic plaque rupture and progression have been the focus of intensive investigations in recent years. The mechanisms governing plaque progression and rupture process are not well understood. Using computational models based on patient-specific multi-year in vivo MRI data, our recent results indicated that 18 out of 21 patients studied showed significant negative correlation between plaque progression measured by vessel wall thickness increase (WTI) and plaque wall (structural) stress (PWS) [1]. In this paper, a computational procedure based on meshless generalized finite difference (MGFD) method and serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data was introduced to simulate plaque progression. Participating patients were scanned three times (T1, T2, and T3, at intervals of approximately 18 months) to obtain plaque progression data. Vessel wall thickness (WT) changes were used as the measure for plaque progression. Starting from T2 plaque geometry, plaque progression was simulated by solving the solid model and adjusting wall thickness using plaque growth functions iteratively until time T3 is reached. Numerically simulated plaque progression showed very good agreement with actual plaque geometry at T3 given by MRI data. We believe this is the first time plaque progression simulation results based on multi-year patient-tracking data are reported. Multi-year tracking data and MRI-based progression simulation add time dimension to plaque vulnerability assessment and will improve prediction accuracy.

scholarly journals Increased Coronary Vessel Wall Thickness in HIV-Infected Young Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 1779-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Z. Abd-Elmoniem ◽  
A. B. Unsal ◽  
S. Eshera ◽  
J. R. Matta ◽  
N. Muldoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Coronary Vessel ◽  
Coronary Vessel Wall ◽  
Vessel Wall Thickness

scholarly journals Is there any difference of emotional intelligence between male and female students?

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
A Afdal A Afdal ◽  
A Alizamar A Alizamar ◽  
Y Syahputra Y Syahputra ◽  
I Ifdil I Ifdil ◽  
Z Ardi Z Ardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
T Test ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to describe the emotional intelligence of students by sex (male and female) and identify whether there are differences in emotional intelligence of male and female students. This study is a quantitative and comparative descriptive study, with a sample of 156 students consisting of 78 male and 78 female students. The instrument used is an Emotional Intelligence Instrument consisting of 40 items .Descriptive analysis using the percentage formula to describe and identify differences in emotional intelligence of male and female students using the t-test. The findings of the study indicate that the emotional intelligence of women is still higher (1.28%) than for men, and there is a significant difference between the emotional intelligence of male and female students. Implication discussed further.

scholarly journals Anxiety among Diabetic and non Diabetic Male & Female

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Krishna J. Vaghela
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Beck Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference

The main purpose of the present research was to study the anxiety level among diabetic and non diabetic people (both male and female). The study was conducted over a sample of 160 people (80- male: 40 diabetic and 40 on diabetic as well as 80- female: 40 diabetic and 40 non diabetic). For the purpose of the measuring anxiety level of participants the Beck anxiety inventory was used. The obtained data were analyzed and interpreted on using statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation, and t – test. The results reported that statistically significant difference observed among diabetic and non diabetic male participants in relation to anxiety their level. As regarding to female participants with diabetic and non diabetic also significantly differ on their scores on anxiety. In conclusion the anxiety level was significantly higher in diabetic people both: male as well as female.

scholarly journals Neuroticism and Academic Achievement Motivation in Adolescent

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Balvant M. Chhansiya ◽  
Yogesh A. Jogsan
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Academic Achievement Motivation

The main purpose of this research was to find out the mean difference in adolescents. The total 80 adolescents as a variation belonging to adolescents were taken. The research tool for neuroticism Mosley personality scale was measured by Isenk and tool for academic achievement motivation were used which made by T.R.Sharma. Here t-test was applied to check the significant of in neuroticism and academic achievement motivation between male and female adolescents. The study revealed that there was no significant difference between male and female adolescent in neuroticism. There was no significant difference between male and female adolescent in academic achievement motivation.

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