Reality and Accounting: The Case of Accounting Research with Interpretive Approaches

Economic reality plays an important role in accounting practice and standard setting process. The positivism paradigm view reality as independently existing, and interpretive paradigm view reality as socially constructed. It is argued in this paper that utilizing interpretive view in accounting research is better able to capture the economic reality that is socially constructed and much affected by our account. This is because accounting is a social science and is better understood by gaining the views of different parties involved, which is largely done by utilizing interpretive accounting research.

Testing of Strategic Management Accounting Contingency Model on SME Performance in Maluku

The sustainability of SMEs is supported by various important factors, both financial and non-financial. This study examines non-financial factors, namely the management accounting adoption model on the performance of SMEs in Maluku. The sample of this study consisted of 63 UKM units located in Ambon City, SBB Regency and Central Maluku Regency. The testing of management accounting adoption contingency models is carried out using path analysis. The result showed that management accounting adoption is a mediator of the relationship between the level of innovation and technology adoption in manufacturing activities with the performance of SMEs. However, this study has not succeeded in proving the relationship between manager characteristics and managers' perceptions of environmental uncertainty with the decision to adopt strategic management accounting by business units. These results indicate that there is a need for further introduction to the benefits of a strategic management accounting system as an important instrument in streamlining the business value chain.

Analysis of Company's Strategy and Characteristics of Earnings Quality

This study aims to determine the effect of company strategy proxied by­ cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy and investment opportunity set, and company characteristics proxied by company size, managerial ownership structure, institutional ownership structure and audit quality on earnings quality in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2015-2019. The population in this study were 175 companies with a total sample size 37 compenies. The method used in determining the number of samples in purposive sampling. Regression analysis in this study using multiple linier regression. The result of this study indicate that the cost leadership strategy, investment opportunity set, managerial ownership structure, and institutional ownership structure have no effect on earnings quality. Meanwhie, the differentiation strategy, company size and audit quality have an effect on earnings quality. The result of multiple liniear regression analysis showed an adjusted R2 value of 0,342. This shows that the level of reletionship between the variable cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy, investement opportunity set, company size, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and audit quality on earnings quality is 34,2% and the remaining 65,8% is explained by other variables in beyond the research model.

yuhanad, Pengaruh Kualitas Audit dan BOPO terhadap Profitbailitas

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh Kualitas Audit dan Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) terhadap profitabilitas yang diukur melalui Return on Asset (ROA). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan populasi penelitian adalah Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) yang ada di Indonesia dan telah terdaftar pada Bank Indonesia periode 2012-2018. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 6 Bank Umum Syariah dari total 14 Bank Umum Syariah, yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Sampel data diuji dengan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif, sedangkan untuk uji hipotesis diuji dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel Kualitas Audit berpengaruh negatif terhadap profitabilitas yang diukur melalui ROA dan variabel BOPO juga berpengaruh negatif terhadap profitabilitas yang diukur melalui ROA. Selain itu, variabel kualitas audit dan BOPO secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap ROA. Kata Kunci: Kualitas Audit, BOPO, ROA, Bank Umum Syariah

Analysis of the Influence of Intellectual Capital and Working Capital on Profitability of State-Owned Sharia Commercial Banks

State-owned sharia commercial banks are the highest assets of Islamic banking in Indonesia. As a financial institution operating in a country that operates a dual banking system, it is required to compete with conventional banking. Facing fairly fierce competition, Islamic banking is required to manage all its capital to generate profitability. Both non-physical capital, intellectual capital (intellectual capital), knowledge, and physical capital to operate the company, namely working capital. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of intellectual capital and working capital on the projected profitability of Return on Assets (ROA). The research used descriptive statistical method with analysis tools in panel data regression which was processed using Eviews 10 software. Techniques and data used the method of documentation and literature study and sampling with the purposive sampling method so that the number of samples in this study was 72 samples of State-owned Sharia Commercial Banks with quarterly data for the 2015-2020 period. The results obtained indicate that simultaneously the independent variables, namely Intellectual Capital (X1) and Working Capital (X2), have a significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA). The second independent variable can explain the dependent variable by 54.2%, and the remaining 45.8% is another variable that is not included in the model. The study results partially show that Intellectual Capital (X1) has a positive and significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA). However, the Working Capital variable (X2) does not affect the Return on Assets (ROA) of BUMN Commercial Sharia Banks in 2015-2020.

Testing the Effect of CAR and Murabahah Financing on Profitability with TPF as a Moderating Variable

This research was conducted to determine whether the effect of the independent variables: CAR and Murabahah Financing on the dependent variable of profitability with the moderating variable of TPF in Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS) in Indonesia from 2015-2019. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach. The population used in this research is BUS that is registered in the Financial Services Authority in 2020 totaling 14 companies. The sample used was 6 BUS that fit the test criteria. The data studied were time series data in tools, namely Smart Partial Least Square (SmartPLS) 3.3.2. The results of the research conducted are CAR has a positive and significant impact on profitability, Murabahah financing has a the form of annual reports. The data analysis technique used is PLS with data analysis positive and significant impact on profitability, TPF moderates the effect of CAR on profitability, TPF moderates the effect of Murabahah Financing on profitability. Keywords: CAR; Murabahah Financing; profitability; DPK

Effect Of Board Independence, Firm Size, Debt To Equity Ratio, Net Profit Margin Towards Dividend Policy In Companies (Sub Sectors Of Food And Beverages Listed In Bei 2009 - 2018)

Dividend policy is a profit right used by investors where the profit will be shared or retained for reinvestment. The population used by researchers are 8 food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2009-2018. Sampling by purposive sampling technique, 8 companies were selected. Data analysis techniques in this study were multiple linear regression. This study obtained the results of board independence and net profit margin affect the dividend policy, while the firm size and debt to equity ratio do not affect the dividend policy. The benefits of research are providing additional information to researchers who will develop knowledge in the field of financial accounting.

Implementasi Analisis Proses Bisnis Sebagai Upaya Pengurangan Biaya

Business Process Analysis can be used to eliminate or reduce a waste cost caused by non value added activities that exist in a process. This research aims at evaluating activities carried out in the natural material procurement process in the PT XYZ, calculating the effectiveness of the process cycle, finding a way to improve the process management, and calculating the cost reduction that can achieved by activity management. A case study was the approach of this research. The researcher obtained research data throughout deep interviews with the staff who directly involved in the process, observation, and documentation of natural material procurement. The result of this study show that the effectiveness of the process cycle of natural material procurement in the factory reached as much as 87,1% for the sand material and 72% for the crushed stone. This indicates that the process still carry activities with no added value and still contain ineffective costs. Through the Business Process Mechanism, these non value added activities can be managed so that the process cycle becomes more efficient and cost effectiveness is achieved. The result of the effective cycle calculation after the management activities implementation is 100%. This means that the cost of natural material procurement process has become effective. The result of calculation of the estimated cost reduction as a result of management activity is as much as Rp249.026.635,90 per year.