Abstract P259: The Association Between Sex, Gender and Health Status of Stroke Survivors in the Canadian Population

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Azizi ◽  
Valeria Raparelli ◽  
Colleen M Norris ◽  
Khaled El Emam ◽  
Louise Pilote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Health Utility Index ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Health State ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
And Gender

Background: Stroke is one of the most common cerebrovascular diseases causing permanent disability, and decreased quality of life (QoL). Both sex and gender have been reported to be associated with health outcomes. Gender, unlike biological sex, encompasses the psycho-socio-cultural roles, behaviors and identities of men, women, and gender-diverse people. Hypothesis: To examine the association between sociocultural gender, biological sex and health status among stroke survivors in the Canadian population. Methods: Data from cycles 2013-2014 and 2015-16 (n=237,121) of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) were analyzed. The primary endpoint of the study was Health Utility Index (HUI), a measure of health status and QoL. This index measures a range of health domains (i.e. vision, hearing, speech, ambulation, dexterity, emotion, cognition, and pain) and ranges between -0.36 (severe health state) to 1 (perfect health state). A gender score was computed based on the Genesis-Praxy method, using a principal component analysis-derived propensity score method. The final gender scores ranging from 0 to 1 (higher score identifying characteristics traditionally ascribed to women) included household size, perceived life stress, education, sense of belonging to community, marital status, and income. All statistical analyses were performed using R (V.4.0.2) with survey design. Results: Amongst 3,773 (1.1%) stroke survivors in two cycles, 47.8% were female and a majority were older than 50 years (85.3%). Overall, 76.4% of the stroke survivors had moderate to severe HUI (<=0.88), however, this rate was higher in females (82.5% vs 70.2%, P<0.001). Median gender score was 0.49 [0.46-0.55]. Higher gender scores (OR=12.5, 95%CI=1.4-116.2, P=0.02) and female sex (OR=1.8, 95%CI=1.2-2.8, P=0.002) were independently associated with moderately to severely diminished health status (HUI) in a model adjusted for age, and comorbidities (i.e. hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and history of cancer). Conclusion: Characteristics traditionally ascribed to women’s gender and female sex were associated with poorer health status in stroke survivors. Gender-related factors must be targeted for improving the health status of patients suffering from stroke.

scholarly journals Medical and Social Problems of the Health State of Children in a Crisis Life Situation in Kyrgyzstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
T. Abdullaev ◽  
N. Siezdbekova ◽  
A. Aralbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Health State ◽  
Life Situation ◽  
And Gender

This work is devoted to the study of medical and social problems of the health status of children in a crisis life situation. The results of the study of children in the age structure and gender structure have been determined. Shown are medical and social problems that affect the incidence, physical and neuropsychic development of children.

Abstract 16147: Sex, Gender Factors and Cardiovascular Health in Canadian and Austrian Populations

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Azizi ◽  
Teresa Gisinger ◽  
Uri Bender ◽  
Valeria Raparelli ◽  
Colleen M Norris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Propensity Score Methods ◽  
Female Sex

Introduction: Little evidence exists differentiating the effect of biological sex from gender-related (i.e. psycho-socio-cultural) characteristics in cardiovascular outcomes. Hypothesis: Here, we explored the association between sex, gender, and cardiovascular health (CVH) among Canadians (CAN) and Austrians (AT). Methods: Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) (n=63,522, 55% Females) and Austrian Health Interview Survey (AT-HIS) (n=15,771, 56% Females), were analyzed. The CANHEART index, a measure of ideal CVH composed of 6 cardiometabolic risk factors ranging from 0 (worst) to 6 (ideal), was calculated in the CCHS as well as AT-HIS databases (ATHEART). A country-specific gender score was computed using principal component analysis-derived propensity score methods. The final gender scores (Range=0-1, higher score identifying characteristics traditionally ascribed to women) included: i) household size, perceived life stress, education, sense of belonging to community, marital status, and income (CAN); ii) household size, frequency of negative emotions, education, marital status and income (AT). Results: Median CANHEART and CAN gender scores were 4 [3-5] and 0.53 [0.49-0.60] while median ATHEART and AT gender scores were 4 [3-5] and 0.55 [0.46-0.64]. Although higher gender scores (CCHS: β=-1.33, 95%CI (-1.44,-1.22); AT-HIS: β=-1.11, 95%CI (-1.30,-0.91)) were associated with worse CVH, female sex (CCHS: β=0.35, 95% CI (0.33,0.37); AT-HIS: β=0.59, 95%CI (0.55,0.64)) was associated with better CVH in both populations. Additionally, higher gender scores were associated with a higher risk of heart disease, compared to female sex. The magnitude of this risk was higher in AT population (Table1). Conclusions: Individuals with characteristics typically ascribed to women reported poorer CVH and exhibited higher risk of heart disease independent of biological sex. Gender factors must be targeted for improving cardiovascular health.

Functional state of patients with heterotaxy syndrome following the Fontan operation

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (S4) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Atz ◽  
Meryl S. Cohen ◽  
Lynn A. Sleeper ◽  
Brian W. McCrindle ◽  
Minmin Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Fontan Procedure ◽  
Fontan Operation ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Health State ◽  
Ventricular Performance ◽  
Health Status Questionnaires

AbstractBackgroundChildren born with heterotaxy syndromes have poorer outcomes compared with children born with comparable cardiac lesions requiring similar surgical palliation. Heterotaxy has been reported as a separate risk factor for mortality and increased morbidity in a series of Fontan operations reported from single centres. Little is known, however, about the functional state of surviving patients with heterotaxy following a Fontan operation.MethodsIn the multicentric cross-sectional study carried out by the Pediatric Heart Network of 546 survivors of the Fontan procedure, the patients, aged from 6 to 18 years, underwent evaluation by echocardiography, exercise testing, electrocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and functional health status questionnaires compiled by the patients and their parents. Heterotaxy was identified in 42 patients (8%). Medical and patient characteristics were compared between those with heterotaxy and the remaining 504 patients who did not have heterotaxy.ResultsPatients with heterotaxy had their Fontan procedure performed at a later age, with a median of 3.9 years versus 2.8 years (p = 0.001) and had volume-unloading surgery performed later, at a median age of 1.4 versus 0.9 years (p = 0.008). These patients had significantly different ventricular and atrioventricular valvar morphology, as well as a higher incidence of systemic and pulmonary venous abnormalities. They had a higher incidence of prior surgery to the pulmonary veins, at 21 versus 0.4%. The type of Fontan procedure was different, but no difference was detected in length of stay in hospital, or the number of postoperative complications. Sinus rhythm was less common, at 44 versus 71%, (p = 0.002), and history of atrial arrhythmias more common, at 19 versus 8%, (p = 0.018) in those with heterotaxy. Echocardiography revealed a greater degree atrioventricular valvar regurgitation, lower indexed stroke volume, and greater Tei index. Exercise performance, levels of brain natriuretic peptide in the serum, and summary and domain scores from health status questionnaires, were not different from those not having heterotaxy.ConclusionsThe study illustrates a profile of characteristics, medical history, functional health state, and markers of ventricular performance in patients with heterotaxy after the Fontan procedure. Despite obvious anatomic differences, and some differences in echocardiography and heart rhythm, there were no important differences in exercise performance or functional health state between these patients and other survivors of the Fontan procedure.

The impact of stereotyped perceptions of entrepreneurship and gender-role orientation on Slovak women’s entrepreneurial intentions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Adamus ◽  
Vladimíra Čavojová ◽  
Jakub Šrol
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Gender Role Orientation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Successful Entrepreneurs ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to investigate how congruence between the image of a successful entrepreneur and one’s own gender-role orientation affects entrepreneurial intentions (EI). Design/methodology/approach A total of 552 working-age adults (49.5% women) answered questions on gender-role orientation, perception of a successful entrepreneur, EI, antecedents of EI (perceived behavioural control (PBC), subjective norm (SN), attitude towards entrepreneurship), entrepreneurial self-efficacy and risk aversion. Findings Women reported a lower EI than men, and both male and female participants perceived successful entrepreneurs as masculine. In the final model, biological sex did not predict EIs. Rather, it was associated with the extent to which participants felt they resembled successful entrepreneurs, which, in turn, predicted greater levels of PBC, SNs and attitudes towards entrepreneurship, as well as greater EI. Originality/value The study is one of the first to study joint impacts of biological sex, gender and congruence on EIs.

Relationship Between Academic Stress and Learning Achievement in Nursing Student

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-229
Author(s):  
Yuanita Panma
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Nursing Student ◽  
Academic Stress ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Academic Stressor ◽  
And Gender

The stress experienced by most students is academic stress. This academic stress is closely related to students' academic processes and the environment that affects the academic process. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between academic stress and student learning achievement. This study was a cross-sectional design with purposive sampling of 126 respondents. Data were collected at a nursing academy in Jakarta in 2018. The instrument used was the Student Life Stress Inventory (SLSI) questionnaire. Results showed most students were female(88.9%), from Senior High School majoring in science (38.9%), very satisfyinglearning achievement (91.3%), and experience severe academic stress (55.6%). There is no significant relationship between learning achievement and academic stress (p = 0.317) and gender (p-value 0.370). There is a significant relationship between learning achievement and sebior high school majoring (p=value 0.005) and age (p-value 0.007). Institutions should identify sources of the academic stressor and apply appropriate coping mechanisms to reduce academic stress.Keywords:academic stress, learning achievement, nursing student.

“Toxic Masculinity” in the age of #MeToo: ritual, morality and gender archetypes across cultures

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Paul Louis Veissière
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Moral Panics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Archetypes ◽  
Cultural Shifts

Purpose This paper aims to take the “toxic masculinity” (TM) trope as a starting point to examine recent cultural shifts in common assumptions about gender, morality and relations between the sexes. TM is a transculturally widespread archetype or moral trope about the kind of man one should not be. Design/methodology/approach The author revisits his earlier fieldwork on transnational sexualities against a broader analysis of the historical, ethnographic and evolutionary record. The author describes the broad cross-cultural recurrence of similar ideal types of men and women (good and bad) and the rituals through which they are culturally encouraged and avoided. Findings The author argues that the TM trope is normatively useful if and only if it is presented alongside a nuanced spectrum of other gender archetypes (positive and negative) and discussed in the context of human universality and evolved complementariness between the sexes. Social implications The author concludes by discussing stoic virtue models for the initiation of boys and argues that they are compatible with the normative commitments of inclusive societies that recognize gender fluidity along the biological sex spectrum. Originality/value The author makes a case for the importance of strong gender roles and the rites and rituals through which they are cultivated as an antidote to current moral panics about oppression and victimhood.

scholarly journals Main demographic indicators and their infl uence on the health state of the population of Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
О.А. Бадов
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Health State ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Territorial Differentiation ◽  
Care System

Важнейшим фактором, влияющим на состояние здоровья населения, является демографический. В связи с этим, исследование показателей естественного движения насе- ления, динамики численности и многих других являются основополагающими при определе- нии перспектив развития системы здравоохранения и многих других социальных объектов и услуг, так или иначе связанных с населением и поддержанием его здоровья на должном уров- не. Особый интерес представляют исследования динамики рождаемости и смертности за сравнительно большие промежутки времени, включающие в себя какие-либо события, так или иначе повлиявшие на рождаемость и смертность населения. В настоящей статье исследуется территориальная дифференциация рождаемости и смертности населения России в период 2005-2018 гг. Поскольку статья имеет полимасштаб- ный характер: демографические элементы рассматриваются по федеральным округам Рос- сии, ее регионам и, отдельно, по регионам Северо-Кавказского ФО. С целью возможности сопоставления регионов с различными географическо-социальными по- казателями (площадь, численность населения и т.д.) были применены относительные пока- затели (число рождений и смертей за год на 1000 жителей). Результатом исследований явилось выявление территориальной дифференциации основных демографических показателей населения России за 2005-2018 гг. и определение особенностей их влияния на состояние здоровья людей и структуру системы здравоохранения. The most important factor infl uencing the health status of the population is demographic factor. In this regard, the study of indicators of the vital movement of the population, population dynamics and many others are fundamental in determining the prospects for the development of the health care system and many other social facilities and services, one way or another related to the population and maintaining its health at the proper level. Of particular interest are studies of the dynamics of fertility and mortality over relatively long periods of time, including any events that somehow infl uenced the birth and mortality of the population. This article examines the territorial differentiation of the birth and death rates of the population of Russia in 2005-2018. Since the article is of a poly-scale nature, demographic elements are considered for the federal districts of Russia, its regions and, separately, for the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District. In order to be able to compare regions with different geographical and social indicators (area, population, etc.), relative indicators were used (the number of births and deaths per year per 1000 inhabitants). The result of the research was the identifi cation of territorial differentiation of the main demographic indicators of the population of Russia for 2005-2018 and determining the characteristics of their impact on the health status of people and the structure of the health care system.

scholarly journals Breaking the Binary

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Mercer-Mapstone ◽  
Sarah Bajan ◽  
Kasia Banas ◽  
Arthur Morphett ◽  
Kristine McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Minority Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Student Cohorts ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Partnership Approach

The need to make higher education curricula gender-inclusive is increasingly pressing as student cohorts diversify. We adopted a student-staff partnership approach to design, integrate, and evaluate a module that taught first-year science students the difference between biological sex, gender identity, gender expression, and sexual orientation in the context of genetics concepts at an Australian university. This module aimed to break the binary in misconceptions of both sex and gender, emphasising that both exist on separate spectra. Data triangulation was used to evaluate students’ attitudes towards the module and their learning of module concepts. Students’ attitudes were positive overall, and evaluation of students’ learning indicated that the majority of students understood and retained key concepts, while also identifying common misconceptions. Perhaps the most important finding was that students who identified as belonging to a minority group had significantly more positive attitudes towards the module than non-minority students. This finding supports previous research that has found inclusive curricula have greater benefit for students from minority backgrounds, indicating the importance of making such curriculum enhancements. Our results speak to both the co-creation process and students’ learning outcomes, providing valuable insights for practitioners both within science and beyond.

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