scholarly journals Will Climate Change Cause Enormous Social Costs for Poor Asian Cities?

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Kahn

Climate change could significantly reduce the quality of life for poor people in Asia. Extreme heat and drought, and the increased incidence of natural disasters will pose new challenges for the urban poor and rural farmers. If farming profits decline, urbanization rates will accelerate and the social costs of rapid urbanization could increase due to rising infectious disease rates, pollution, and congestion. This paper studies strategies for reducing the increased social costs imposed on cities by climate change.

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Porio

Climate change and flooding in Asian cities pose great challenges to the environmental and human security of the population and their governance systems. This paper examines the intersections of ecological-environmental and social vulnerability and the adaptive responses of urban poor communities and commercial-industrial establishments in Metro Manila to floods and other climate change-related effects, such as storm surges and sea-level rise (SLR). These weaken the communities’ ecological-environmental systems, threaten the well-being and security of the people and strain the resources of city governments. Disaggregating the ecological-environment vulnerabilities of a city/community according to specific places/spaces (or place-based vulnerabilities) that lead also to variable patterns among different groups (e.g., gender, income group, sector) of adaptive responses to flooding. Drawing a systematic sample of urban poor households and industrial-commercial establishments along the Pasig-Marikina River Basin of Metro Manila, this study utilised household surveys, key informant interviews, focus group discussions (FGD) and secondary data sources, in analysing the sources of their vulnerability and adaptive responses. Existing studies generally focus on the vulnerability and adaptation of urban-rural populations and do not highlight the interaction of place-based vulnerabilities with sector-specific vulnerabilities that reconfigure flood impacts and responses among the urban poor communities and commercial-industrial establishments during and after floods. In particular, poor and female-headed households residing in highly degraded environments or places/spaces within and across urban poor communities suffered higher damages and losses compared to better-off households and establishments. The interaction of these drivers of vulnerability further heightens and compromises the environmental and human security needs of poor people, their communities and those in the private sector that local/national government agencies need to respond.


Author(s):  
Thorsten D. Barth

The climate change and the financial and economical crises are posing new challenges to the quality of democracies. This article is about the discussion of a correlation between a potential Green New Deal project and the scientific innovation model of a Quintuple Helix in advanced democracies to demonstrate that the sought for knowledge, sustainability, and green development can imply an excess in quality of democracies. Conclusion of the discussion is that the social and scientific subsystems of a democracy must, as part of a new deal, take over new tasks. At the same time, a new scientific cooperation and exchange system between advanced democracies should be implemented on an international level.


1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Graham

It is now a well-known sad story that Alan Garcia's APRA government initially raised high hopes within and outside Peru and then collapsed into incoherent policy-making and political chaos, with hyper-inflation and a drastic increase in insurgent violence as a result. The social costs of that collapse have been grave indeed, and the worst victims have been the nation's poor, who were already subsisting at deplorable levels prior to the crisis. Paradoxically, one of the priorities of the APRA government upon coming to power in 1985 was the improvement of the precarious situation of the nation's poor and marginalised population in the pueblos jóvenes–shanty-towns–and in the sierra. The APRA government introduced a variety of innovative strategies directed at these groups. The most highly publicised of those–the Programa de Apoyo de Ingreso Temporal (PAIT)–is the subject of this study.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Shohebul Umam

<p><em>This study discusses poverty, which until now is still a major problem for the Indonesian state. The effort to eradicate poverty becomes a big commitment through the projected Sustainable Development Goal's (SDG's) which are determined to reduce the number of poor people to 50% in the next 2030. Instead of alleviating poverty, SDG's which insinuate welfare are more and more pressed by poverty itself. Global warming which drives climate change is uncertain, causes an ecological crisis on one side, and creates a consumptive culture of society on the other side. This research uses a qualitative method, in which coastal communities and inland farmers become in Sumenep, Madura is the object of this study. due to climate change that is getting worse, fishermen and farmers, must rearrange their survival strategies to meet the needs of family income. The government, in this case, must be encouraged to be a catalyst for change, in order to realize the social welfare of the community through the development of community-based communities that are independent and sustainable. </em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p>Penelitian ini membahas tentang kemiskinan, yang sampai saat ini masih menjadi persoalan utama negara Indonesia. Upaya untuk mengentaskan kemiskinan menjadi komitmen besar melalui proyeksi Sustainable Development Goal’s (SDG’s) yang bertekad untuk menekan jumlah penduduk miskin hingga 50% pada 2030 mendatang. Alih-alih mengentaskan kemiskinan, SDG’s yang meng-insinuasikan kesejahteraan justru samakan terdesak oleh kemiskinan itu sendiri. Global warming yang mendorong perubahan iklim tidak menentu, menyebabkan krisis ekologi pada satu sisi, dan menciptakan budaya konsumtif masyarakat pada sisi yang lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, di mana masyarakat pesisir dan petani pedalaman menjadi di Sumenep, Madura menjadi objek kajian ini. akibat perubahan iklim yang semakin buruk, nelayan dan petani, harus mengatur kembali strategi survival mereka untuk memenuhi kebutuhan nafkah keluarga. Pemerintah dalam hal ini, mesti didorong untuk menjadi katalisator perubahan, demi mewujudkan kesejahteraan sosial masyarakat melalui pengembangan masyarakat berbasis komunitas yang bersifat mandiri dan berkelanjutan.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Pakhale ◽  
Saania Tariq ◽  
Nina Huynh ◽  
Sadia Jama ◽  
Tina Kaur ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Globally the burden of Obstructive Lung Diseases (OLD) is growing, however its effect on urban poor populations with the high prevalence of tobacco dependence is virtually unknown. The purpose of this project is to estimate the prevalence and burden of OLD in the urban, low-income populations of Ottawa, Canada. Methods The study presented in this paper was part of the PROMPT (Management and Point-of-Care for Tobacco Dependence) project; a prospective cohort study in a community-based setting (n = 80) with meaningful Patient Engagement from design to dissemination. Spirometry data, standardized questionnaires and semi-structured interviews from PROMPT were interpreted to understand the lung function, disease burden and social determinants (respectively) in this population. Results The prevalence of OLD among those who completed spirometry (N = 64) was 45–59%. Generic and disease-specific quality of life was generally poor in all PROMPT participants, even those without OLD, highlighting the higher disease burden this vulnerable population faces. Quality of life was impacted by two major themes, including i) socioeconomic status and stress and ii) social networks and related experiences of trauma. Conclusion The prevalence and disease burden of OLD is significantly higher in Ottawa’s urban poor population than what is observed in the general Canadian population who smoke, suggesting an etiological role of the social determinants of health. This urges the need for comprehensive care programs addressing up-stream factors leading to OLDs, including poor access and utilization of preventive healthcare addressing the social determinants of health. Trial registration ClinicalTrails.gov - NCT03626064, Retrospective registered: August 2018.


Author(s):  
Demet Ulku Gulpınar Sekban ◽  
Ertan Düzgüneş

The increased pressures associated with climate change and urbanization processes adversely affect the quality of life of the cities and damage the sustainability of the cities. Sustainability of a city depends on the social, economic and ecological flexible uses that these pressures can tolerate. The examination of these flexible uses within the city brings along the sustainability of the landscape. Landscape serving flexible uses for urban sustainability; All the unconscious elements that make up that landscape, especially the vegetation landscape element, should support the concept of sustainability. Within the scope of the study, it was aimed to determine sustainable design approaches in the fields of planting and to create an evaluation scale accordingly by examining the sustainable planting design approaches in urban scale. An answer was sought to the question of how sustainable the planting activities of Trabzon province are. In the study, 40 studies defined as sustainable landscape areas were examined and 27 sub-parameters were developed under 4 main titles within the framework of these studies. The parameters are examined in the regions represented by the city components that make up the city and it is tried to determine what is necessary for the sustainability of the city


2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam R. Pearson ◽  
Jonathon P. Schuldt

Climate change is often conceived as a technical challenge, requiring smart policies and science-driven solutions. Yet, as revealed by each new round of international negotiations, and by growing (rather than receding) partisan divides on climate change in the United States, climate change is also profoundly social: How people understand and engage with the issue is powerfully influenced by the responses of others, including members of ingroups and outgroups. This special issue brings together research and theory that shed light on new and understudied group and intergroup dimensions of climate change. The featured articles showcase the breadth of social psychological processes (e.g., social identity and categorization processes, intergroup perceptions, normative influence, justice concerns, and group-based ideologies) relevant to the study of climate change while highlighting how the problem’s shared, global relevance poses unique questions and opportunities for the field. We explore the contributions of these articles to the social psychological study of climate change and highlight new challenges and pathways forward.


Author(s):  
Marek Prokůpek

Digitalization has become a buzzword in all aspects of our lives. Therefore, it has significantly impacted the sector of cultural and creative industries, and it has had huge economic and social impacts. Cultural and creative industries are some of the fastest growing industries and represent a significant contribution to the economy, the creation of jobs, and quality of life. With the massive wave of digitalization, institutions within creative industries have faced new challenges of how to respond to this shifting environment while staying true to their mission and values. If they want to thrive, they need to adjust their business models to the technological, political, and economic changes. The aim of this chapter is to provide an understanding of the digitalization in the sector and the social and economic impacts of digital transformation on cultural and creative industries as well as change the way cultural products are distributed and consumed.


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