scholarly journals Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand: New Administrations, New Policies, New Performance?

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-168
Author(s):  
Don Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Term Management

The administrations in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand have all put in place economic policies designed to increase growth, reduce poverty, and improve governance. In Thailand, the government is taking a more activist role, a change from the previous, more hands-off approach. In both Indonesia and Malaysia, new policies reduce the activist role of the state, creating greater predictability and transparency. Better governance remains a key to growth, with many reforms within governments' reach. While many of the policies focus on the medium term, there is an acceptance of the need for prudent short-term management. The open question is whether progress on structural changes can persist when the short-term macroeconomic picture becomes more challenging.

scholarly journals Ideology and Pragmatism: Discourse Factors in Infrastructure Development in Indonesia’s Jokowi-JK Era

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Fredick Broven Ekayanta
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Dominant Discourse ◽  
Ernesto Laclau ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Government

The discussion about development discourse in a country talking about how an idea affect economic policies. In Indonesia, the development discourse continues to change depending on the ruling regime. After the reformation, the dominant discourse is a neoliberal one that minimizes the role of the state in development. During the reign of Jokowi-JK, however, the role of the state strengthened. The government plans to build a massive infrastructure of the physical economy. The government legitimized its choice of action as the implementation of the Pancasila and Trisakti ideologies. Using the theories of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, this article argues that the state legitimizes its policies as implementing ideology by building infrastructure development discourse, but covers only pragmatic practices that occur. The practices themselves are pragmatic because the government ignored the fate and rights of citizens affected by infrastructure development.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL ECONOMIC CHANGES – DIFFERENCES IN THE APPROACHES

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
S. Totev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Structural Policy ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Role Of The State

The ability of an economy to adapt to changing economic conditions through the implementation of structural changes is linked to its ability to effectively generate economic growth. The need to know the intensity and direction of favourable structural changes is of key importance for achieving their high efficiency. In the article, a critical analysis of the different structural economic policies is made, taking into account the consequences of implementing the ones that are not in line with the real economic circumstances. Examples of so-called premature deindustrialisation as a result of inadequate structural policy are also considered. In conclusion, the vision of the role of the state in the conduct of a structural economic policy to achieve favourable economic results is presented.

scholarly journals Brazil and the BRICS: The Trap of Short Time

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Antonio Vieira ◽  
Helton Ricardo Ouriques
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Government ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper we examine the BRICS by focusing on one of its member states: Brazil. More specifically, we focus on the relationship between Brazilian foreign policy under President Lula (2003-2010), U.S. hegemonic decline, and the commodity boom that provided economic resources to sustain Brazil’s position in world politics. With the world financial crisis of 2008, Lula’s belle époque came to an end. Without the abundant resources of commodity exports, Lula’s successor, Dilma Rousseff, tried unsuccessfully to combat the economic slowdown by further strengthening the economic role of the state. With this expansionist economic policy, she was elected for a second term in office, but immediately embraced the previous orthodox economic policies, what coupled with lack of support from the Congress, threw the government into crisis. As a result, not only has the political economy of Brazil re-aligned with the interests of financial capital, but also its foreign policy has returned to its historical alignment with the United States. Our contention is that the BRICS will soon be of no relevance to Brazil.

scholarly journals Strengthening the role of public governance approaches to ensure sustainable economic growth

Upravlenets ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Mikhail Ershov ◽  
Anna Tanasova ◽  
Elena Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

The COVID-19 pandemic has formed a fundamentally new environment in both the global and Russian economies. The scale of problems that countries have to deal with significantly enhances the role of the state in the functioning of the economy and requires active government intervention to stabilize the situation and overcome the crisis. The article analyzes the role of state regulation and monetary authorities in the crisis environment in Russian and global economies. Methodologically, the study relies on the theory of institutionalism, Keynesian and neo-Keynesian economics, monetarism and industrialization. Qualitative methods of analysis, as well as retrospective and system-based methods and cross-country comparisons are applied in the research. The authors emphasize that the quality of these interventions is becoming increasingly important. In the Russian Federation, the economic situation is aggravated by the pre-existing problems, such as low business activity. We analyze the measures to support the Russian economy that are aimed, among other things, at the formation of long-term structural changes. Despite the fact that the introduction of the government approaches to counteract the crisis in 2020 will help to mitigate the current acute situation, they will not be able to lay solid foundations for further sustainable economic growth, since system-based mechanisms are still not provided for forming long-term affordable financial resources that are necessary for investment. The paper develops concrete approaches for providing the economy with long-term money, which embrace the formation of the resources on an internal basis amid the interaction of the Central Bank and the Ministry of Finance. We stress the powerful role of mechanisms for government departments’ coordination.

scholarly journals Analisis Kebijakan Penyerahan Prasarana, Sarana Dan Utilitas Di Kabupaten Sidoarjo

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bambang Supriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Regulatory Aspects ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Qualitative Models ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Perspective

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the implementation of policies and strategies in the delivery of infrastructure, facilities and housing utilities in Sidoarjo from a legal standpoint, as well as the development perspective. Date analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative models. The results showed that the implementation of policy implementation of policies and strategies in the delivery of infrastructure, facilities and utilities housing in Sidoarjo influenced by several aspects, including regulatory aspects are not full ownership documents owned by the developer, negligence developer obligations, lack of coordination at each institution, and also belummempunyai complete data base regarding the infrastructure, facilities and utilities. In addition to regulatory aspects of the procedure is still considered berbilit-Sukau, inconsistent and inadequate. Given the purpose and role of each - each party must be done consistently in the submission process infrastructure, facilities and utilities, both the Government of Sidoarjo regency and the developer, so that the resulting synergies that can create the infrastructure, facilities and utilities are in short supply, both quantity and quality for the benefit of society. Alternative strategies that can be done is by setting short-term goals, medium term and long term.

scholarly journals PERANAN NEGARA DAN HUKUM DALAM MEMBERANTAS KEMISKINAN DENGAN MEWUJUDKAN KESEJAHTERAAN UMUM

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Yohanes Suhardin
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
The Public ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Product

AbstrakThe role of the state in combating poverty is very strategic. Combatingpoverty means to free citizens who are poor. The strategic role given thenational ideals (read: state) is the creation of public welfare. Therefore,countries in this regard the government as the organizer of the state musthold fast to the national ideals through legal product that is loaded withsocial justice values in order to realize common prosperity. Therefore, thenature of the law is justice, then in the context of the state, the lawestablished for the creation of social justice. Law believed that social justiceas the path to the public welfare so that the Indonesian people in a relativelyshort time to eradicate poverty.

Reform in the Rail and Electricity sectors in Russia: Restructuring, Competition and the Ministry for Antimonopoly Policy

2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pittman
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
International Experience ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control ◽  
Two Sectors

The Russian Federation is in the process of making major structural changes to its railway and electricity sectors. Both sectors will be at least partly vertically disintegrated, with the aim of creating competition in the “upstream” sector while maintaining state ownership and control of the monopoly “grid”. This paper examines the details of reform and restructuring in the context of the international experience with reform and restructuring in these two sectors, and considers the role of the Ministry for Antimonopoly Policy in reform, both in the past as an “advocate for competition” within the government, and in the future as the guarantor of non-discriminatory access to the grids by non-integrated upstream producers.

scholarly journals Appearance and Development of Short-Term Higher Education Vocational Training in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Barbara Máté-Szabó ◽  
Dorina Anna Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Cycle ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Political Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
International Comparative

Abstract Introduction: This article examines the first level of the European higher education system, namely the short-cycle higher education trainings related to the ISCED 5 whose Hungarian characteristics, and its historical changes were described. Methods: We examined participation rates among OECD countries. As there are large differences in the short-cycle higher education trainings in Europe, we have relied on data that makes the different systems comparable. Results and discussion: The interpretation, definition and practical orientation of the trainings varies from country to country, we presented the Hungarian form in connection with the results of international comparative studies and data. To understand the role of trainings, it is essential to get to know their history, especially because short-term higher educational trainings were transformed in several European countries. Conclusions: Prioritising or effacing the social-political role of short-cycle higher education trainings depending on the political orientation of the government and as a part of this, prioritising the disadvantaged regions instead of the disadvantaged students.

scholarly journals Trabalho digno para quem? Sobre a formalização do trabalho precário no Brasil / Decent work for whom? About the formalization of precarious work in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-586
Author(s):  
Marina Batista Chaves Azevedo de Souza ◽  
Viviane Fonseca Santos ◽  
Daniela Da Silva Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Labor Relations ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Labor Rights ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Labor Laws ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Labor Legislation ◽  
The Government

A arte desenhada sobre papel simboliza os trabalhadores e as trabalhadoras, e suas constantes lutas sociais pela manutenção dos direitos trabalhistas no Brasil, conquistados na década de 1943, com a Consolidação das Leis Trabalhistas (CLT). Trata-se de um estatuto de Normas Regulamentadoras - NR de relações individuais e coletivas de trabalho para aqueles contratados formalmente com vínculo empregatício. Em 2017, o Governo aprova a Lei nº 13.467, reconhecida como Reforma Trabalhista, a qual exclui mais de cem artigos da CLT, reduz direitos e o papel do Estado em relação à proteção da dignidade do trabalhador. Posteriormente, a classe trabalhadora sofreu novo impacto em 2019, momento em que o Governo Federal promoveu a extinção do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE), órgão responsável pela fiscalização e regulamentação das relações de trabalho no país. Isso gerou o fracionamento das atribuições das Leis de trabalho em três pastas ministeriais, fragilizando ainda mais as normas trabalhistas, dificultando a interlocução entre o trabalhador e empregadores e formalizando a precarização do trabalho. Nesse sentido, a imagem representa os desmontes que o trabalhador vem sofrendo, ao longo dos anos, em relação à legislação e aos direitos trabalhistas, mas também à saúde e à previdência social. A flexibilização das relações no ambiente laboral revela uma nova configuração do mundo do trabalho, uma realidade ainda mais perversa, pautada em um discurso neoliberalista de "menos direitos e mais liberdade para o trabalhador", porém, que carrega como consequências a redução do emprego digno, de saúde e segurança para os trabalhadores brasileiros. AbstractThe art drawn on paper symbolizes the workers and their constant social struggles for the maintenance of labor rights in Brazil, conquered in the 1943s by the Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT). The CLT is a statute of the Regulatory Norms - NR about individual and collective labor relations for those formally hired with an employment relationship. In the year of 2017, the Government approved the Law 13.467 that implemented a Labor Reform, which excludes more than one hundred articles from CLT reducing many workers rights and the role of the State regarding the protection and dignity of the workers. Subsequently, the working class suffered a new impact in the year of 2019, when the Federal Government extinguished the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MTE), the institution responsible to monitor and regulate labor relations in Brazil. This fact caused a division of the attributions of the Labor Laws into Three Ministerial Portfolios, further weakening labor standards making it more difficult for workers and employers to communicate with each other, formalizing precarious work. Thus, this image represents the problems workers has been suffering, over the years, due to the lack of labor rights, health and social security. The flexibilization of labor relations reveals a new configuration for the labor society and provides an even more perverse reality based on a neoliberalist discourse that propagates the idea of "less rights and more freedom for the workers", reducing decent employment, health and safety for Brazilian workers.Keywords: Labor Legislation; Occupational Health; Occupational Therapy; Precarious Employment; Work. ResumenEl arte dibujado en papel simboliza a los trabajadores masculinos y femeninos, y sus constantes luchas sociales para el mantenimiento de los derechos laborales en Brasil, logrados en la década de 1943, con la Consolidación de las Leyes Laborales (CLT). Este es un estatuto de Normas Reguladoras - NR de relaciones trabajo individual y colectivo para aquellos formalmente contratados. En 2017, el Gobierno aprobó la Ley 13.467, reconocida como Reforma Laboral, que excluye más de cien artículos del CLT, reduce los derechos y el papel del Estado en relación con la protección de la dignidad de los trabajadores. Posteriormente, la clase trabajadora sufrió un nuevo impacto en 2019, cuando el Gobierno Federal promovió la extinción del Ministerio de Trabajo y Empleo (MTE), el organismo responsable de la inspección y regulación de las relaciones laborales en el país. Esto condujo a la división de las atribuciones de las leyes laborales en tres carteras ministeriales, debilitando aún más las normas laborales, dificultando la comunicación entre trabajadores y empleadores y formalizando el trabajo precario. En este sentido, la imagen representa el desmantelamiento que el trabajador ha estado sufriendo, a lo largo de los años, en relación con la legislación y los derechos laborales, pero también con la salud y la seguridad social. La flexibilización de las relaciones en el entorno laboral revela una nueva configuración del mundo del trabajo, una realidad aún más perversa, basada en un discurso neoliberalista de "menos derechos y más libertad para el trabajador", pero con la consecuencia de reducir el empleo decente, salud y seguridad para los trabajadores brasileños.Palabras clave: Empleo Precario; Legislación Laboral; Salud Laboral; Terapia Ocupacional; Trabajo.      

scholarly journals The role of the state in creating green economy

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Szyja
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Is Implementation ◽  
Role Of The State

Since the crisis of the real economy in 2008, an intense discussion about the need for changes in the economy, supported by a number of declarations on the global scale, has been developed. The analysis of the causes and effects of the economic downturn and the challenges of the future have had a huge impact on this state of affairs. As a result, some states have taken action to remedy the situation. Many of them were aimed at structural changes in production, consumption and environmentally friendly investment. At the same time, the concept of "low carbon economy" and "green economy" gained importance. The aim of this paper is to present the role of the state in the economy in terms of creating conditions for a green economy. The thesis of the publication is: implementation of structural changes related with creating a green economy requires involvement of the state.

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