scholarly journals Relating Theory, Practice and Evaluation in Practitioner Research

Leonardo ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Edmonds ◽  
Linda Candy
Keyword(s):  
Practitioner Research ◽  
Digital Art ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Interactive Art ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Practice Based Research ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Model Of Practice

The authors have developed a model of practice-based research from observations and studies of practitioners undertaking Ph.D.s in digital art and specifically interactive art. Trajectories of research and practice have been identified that have common elements but are driven by different practitioner goals and preferences. The authors present a model of practitioner research that represents the relationship between theory, practice and evaluation, and they describe how different trajectories of research and practice lead to the development of theoretical frameworks by practitioners. Whilst the common features of the trajectories are important to identify so that the characteristics of practitioner research can be understood more generally, the authors believe that having scope for individuality is vital to such research.

The Decision Process of Contracting in Supply Chain Management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens K. Roehrich ◽  
Beverly B. Tyler ◽  
Jas Kalra ◽  
Brian Squire
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Interorganizational Relationships ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Relationship

Contracts are a formal mode of governing interorganizational relationships. They specify the terms and conditions of the agreement between two parties, interpret and adapt the relevant legal and industrial norms, serve as framing devices, and establish the rules and norms underpinning the relationship. The objective of this chapter is to synthesize the extant literature on interorganizational contracting to guide future research and practice. This chapter focuses on the three phases of contracting: (1) designing the contracting portfolio; (2) negotiating initial contracts; and (3) managing the relationship using contracts. The chapter explores the key decisions in each phase and the criteria involved in making these decisions. In doing so, it draws on existing research and theoretical frameworks that have contributed to the development of the contracting literature. The chapter also identifies some important and interesting directions for future contracting research and offers suggestions regarding how selected theoretical lenses might guide these endeavors. The principal conclusion is that while the existing research has primarily focused on the structural issues guiding contracting design, a more processual, social, and behavioral focus is required in future developments of the contracting literature.

scholarly journals Investigating the Relationship between Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease:

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tammanna R. Sahrawat ◽  
Jyoti Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
System Biology ◽  
Network System ◽  
System Biology Approach ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

Ageing is associated with a number of diseases. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and diabetes are among such most common diseases. These two diseases are considered to be fundamentally similar disorders because they share some common elements, though they differ in the time of onset, tissues affected as well as the magnitudes of their specific traits. The present study was undertaken to prospect the association between the genes involved in Diabetes and AD; and their common pathophysiology. Using a network system biology approach, the genes common between Diabetes and AD were retrieved from DisGeNET database. The common genes were analysed using in silico tool, Cyctoscape’s various plug-ins, ClusterONE, CytoHubba, ClueGO and CluePedia. Eleven genes which can act as potential marker for both Diabetes and AD namely IL4, ICAM1, ALB, INS, CSF2, IL6, TNF, IL10, GAPDH, TLR4, and AKT have been identified in the present study. This is the first study of its kind in which relationship between Diabetes and AD has been investigated to identify their common genes, which can help in better understanding of pathophysiology of these age-related diseases.

scholarly journals Book Review

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Sulayman S. Nyang
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Islam And Politics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
African Socialism ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Reviewed by: Sulayman S. Nyang, Ph.D.Associate Professor of Government and Public AdministrationHoward University, Washington, D.C. 20059David WESTERLUND, From Socialism to Islam? Notes on Islam as aPolitical Factor in Contemporary Africa .R esearch Report No. 61.(Uppsala, Sweden: Scandinavia Institute of African Studies, 1982),62pp. Bibliography. No Price.This short study on Islam and Politics in Africa is one of a series ofstudies on Africa published by the well-known Swedish Institute ofAfrican Studies. The Center had previously published some excellentmonographs on a wide range of African issues, but this is the first one onan Islamic theme. Written from the perspective of a researcherinterested in knowing the future of the relationship between Islam andPolitics in Africa, David Westerlund divides his essay into three parts:(1) an introduction, (2) a section on the advance of Socialism in Muslimdominatedcountries and (3) a section on the move towards Islam.Westerlund begins his study with a definition of terms and aclarification of concepts. Two terms, Socialism and Islam, dominate hisdiscussion. He identifies socialism in North Africa and in Sub-SaharanAfrica as that brand which has not been based on, but rather opposed to,Marxism or Marxism-Leninism. Though he recognizes certaindifferences between “Arab Socialism” and “African Socialism”, in thecontext of his discussion he stresses the similarities between them.Among the common elements shared by these two variants of Socialismare (1) refutation of the Marxist idea of class struggle, (2) emphasis on aunited front of all classes in the interest of economic developrflent andnation-building, (3) a preference for a mixed economy as opposed to aMarxist economy, (4) partial nationalization, central planning and onepartyrule, and (5) tolerance of private property.After an examination of the differences between Arab/IslamicSocialism and African Socialism on the one hand, and Marxism on theother, Westerlund then discusses the term fundamentalism. Hecorrectly notes that orthodox, non-secularist Muslims who wish for the ...

The Ultrastructure of the Sensory Dorsal Organ of Crustacea1)

Crustaceana ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 636-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Macmillan ◽  
Shaun L. Sandow ◽  
Michael S. Laverack ◽  
Gordon Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Large Cell ◽  
Basal Bodies ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Crangon Crangon ◽  
Anterior Dorsal ◽  
Thin Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Common ◽  
Dorsal Organs ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe present study compares the ultrastructure of "dorsal organs" on the anterior, dorsal carapace of the syncarid Anaspides tasmaniae and the crangonid shrimp Crangon crangon. Although the species are not closely related phylogenetically, and the elements of their dorsal organs are arranged differently, they are remarkably similar ultrastructurally. The common elements include an island of thinner epicuticle lying across the aperture of a hole through the surrounding cuticle, squarish in the case of Anaspides, and lozenge shaped in Crangon. This whole area appears to be flexible. At the centre of the thin region is a tabular invagination of cuticle ending blindly in Anaspides and with a pore at the bottom in Crangon. The tube is surrounded by a single large cell with extensive internal membranes and basal vacuoles or vesicles. This part of the organ is not innervated. Four small papillae are disposed about this central region, in quincunx formation in Anaspides, and a pair each side in a row in Crangon. The cuticle thins further over the papillae and the underside is closely associated with four sensory dendrites so that each organ is innervated by a total of sixteen neurons. The four dendrites beneath each papilla have basal bodies and cilliary microtubules typical of mechanosensors. The region close to the tips of the dendrites is surrounded by non-cellular material and the dendrites are separated from each other by a series of sheath cells. On the basis of this similarity, and because the relationship between these elements, as evidenced by studies of the external structure across a wide range of taxa, is strongly conserved, we propose that the organs described here belong to a particular class of "dorsal organs" which we call sensory dorsal organs (of Laverack). On the basis of the ultrastructure, and the conservation of the proximity of

PERSOALAN KEHIDUPAN KONTEMPORER: MENGGAGAS KAJIAN SACHEDINA TENTANG THEOLOGI PLURALISME

EMPIRISMA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Limas Dodi
Keyword(s):  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Common View ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Religious Differences

According to Abdulaziz Sachedina, the main argument of religious pluralism in the Qur’an based on the relationship between private belief (personal) and public projection of Islam in society. By regarding to private faith, the Qur’an being noninterventionist (for example, all forms of human authority should not be disturb the inner beliefs of individuals). While the public projection of faith, the Qur’an attitude based on the principle of coexistence. There is the willingness of the dominant race provide the freedom for people of other faiths with their own rules. Rules could shape how to run their affairs and to live side by side with the Muslims. Thus, based on the principle that the people of Indonesia are Muslim majority, it should be a mirror of a societie’s recognizion, respects and execution of religious pluralism. Abdul Aziz Sachedina called for Muslims to rediscover the moral concerns of public Islam in peace. The call for peace seemed to indicate that the existence of increasingly weakened in the religious sense of the Muslims and hence need to be reaffi rmed. Sachedina also like to emphasize that the position of peace in Islam is parallel with a variety of other doctrines, such as: prayer, fasting, pilgrimage and so on. Sachedina also tried to show the argument that the common view among religious groups is only one religion and traditions of other false and worthless. “Antipluralist” argument comes amid the reality of human religious differences. Keywords: Theology, Pluralism, Abdulaziz Sachedina

Migraine: Genetic Variants and Clinical Phenotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (34) ◽  
pp. 6207-6221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Innocenzo Rainero ◽  
Alessandro Vacca ◽  
Flora Govone ◽  
Annalisa Gai ◽  
Lorenzo Pinessi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Mthfr Gene ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Clinical Phenotypes ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

Migraine is a common, chronic neurovascular disorder caused by a complex interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors. In the last two decades, molecular genetics of migraine have been intensively investigated. In a few cases, migraine is transmitted as a monogenic disorder, and the disease phenotype cosegregates with mutations in different genes like CACNA1A, ATP1A2, SCN1A, KCNK18, and NOTCH3. In the common forms of migraine, candidate genes as well as genome-wide association studies have shown that a large number of genetic variants may increase the risk of developing migraine. At present, few studies investigated the genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with migraine. The purpose of this review was to discuss recent studies investigating the relationship between different genetic variants and the clinical characteristics of migraine. Analysis of genotype-phenotype correlations in migraineurs is complicated by several confounding factors and, to date, only polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene have been shown to have an effect on migraine phenotype. Additional genomic studies and network analyses are needed to clarify the complex pathways underlying migraine and its clinical phenotypes.

Negotiations over Accounting Issues: The Congruency of Audit Partner and Chief Financial Officer Recalls

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (s-1) ◽  
pp. 171-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gibbins ◽  
Susan A. McCracken ◽  
Steven E. Salterio
Keyword(s):  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Chief Financial Officers ◽  
Chief Financial Officer ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Contextual Features ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Level ◽  
Two Sides

Much of what takes place in auditor-client management negotiations occurs in unobservable settings and normally does not result in publicly available archival records. Recent research has increasingly attempted to probe issues relating to accounting negotiations in part due to recent events in the financial world. In this paper, we compare recalls from the two sides of such negotiations, audit partners, and chief financial officers (CFOs), collected in two field questionnaires. We examine the congruency of the auditors' and the CFOs' negotiation recalls for all negotiation elements and features that were common across the two questionnaires (detailed analyses of the questionnaires are reported elsewhere). The results show largely congruent recall: only limited divergences in recall of common elements and features. Specifically, we show a high level of congruency across CFOs and audit partners in the type of issues negotiated, parties involved in resolving the issue, and the elements making up the negotiation process, including agreement on the relative importance of various common accounting contextual features. The analysis of the common accounting contextual features suggests that certain contextual features are consistently important across large numbers of negotiations, whether viewed from the audit partner's or the CFO's perspective, and hence may warrant future study. Finally, the comparative analysis allows us to identify certain common elements and contextual features that may influence both audit partners and CFOs to consider the accounting negotiation setting as mainly distributive (win-lose).

The Trade Mark, Other Product Designations, and Goodwill

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Pila
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Trade Mark ◽  
Geographical Indication ◽  
Passing Off ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter considers the meaning of the terms that appropriately denote the subject matter protectable by registered trade mark and allied rights, including the common law action of passing off. Drawing on the earlier analyses of the objects protectable by patent and copyright, it defines the trade mark, designation of origin, and geographical indication in their current European and UK conception as hybrid inventions/works in the form of purpose-limited expressive objects. It also considers the relationship between the different requirements for trade mark and allied rights protection, and related principles of entitlement. In its conclusion, the legal understandings of trade mark and allied rights subject matter are presented as answers to the questions identified in Chapter 3 concerning the categories and essential properties of the subject matter in question, their method of individuation, and the relationship between and method of establishing their and their tokens’ existence.

scholarly journals Identifying and measuring the common elements of naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for autism spectrum disorder: Development of the NDBI-Fi

Autism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 2285-2297
Author(s):  
Kyle M Frost ◽  
Jessica Brian ◽  
Grace W Gengoux ◽  
Antonio Hardan ◽  
Sarah R Rieth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Intervention Science ◽  
Intervention Models ◽  
The Common ◽  
Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Intervention

Naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for young children with autism spectrum disorder share key elements. However, the extent of similarity and overlap in techniques among naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention models has not been quantified, and there is no standardized measure for assessing the implementation of their common elements. This article presents a multi-stage process which began with the development of a taxonomy of elements of naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions. Next, intervention experts identified the common elements of naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions using quantitative methods. An observational rating scheme of those common elements, the eight-item NDBI-Fi, was developed. Finally, preliminary analyses of the reliability and the validity of the NDBI-Fi were conducted using archival data from randomized controlled trials of caregiver-implemented naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions, including 87 post-intervention caregiver–child interaction videos from five sites, as well as 29 pre–post video pairs from two sites. Evaluation of the eight-item NDBI-Fi measure revealed promising psychometric properties, including evidence supporting adequate reliability, sensitivity to change, as well as concurrent, convergent, and discriminant validity. Results lend support to the utility of the NDBI-Fi as a measure of caregiver implementation of common elements across naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention models. With additional validation, this unique measure has the potential to advance intervention science in autism spectrum disorder by providing a tool which cuts across a class of evidence-based interventions. Lay abstract Naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for young children with autism spectrum disorder share key elements. However, the extent of similarity between programs within this class of evidence-based interventions is unknown. There is also currently no tool that can be used to measure the implementation of their common elements. This article presents a multi-stage process which began with defining all intervention elements of naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions. Next, intervention experts identified the common elements of naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions using a survey. An observational rating scheme of those common elements, the eight-item NDBI-Fi, was developed. We evaluated the quality of the NDBI-Fi using videos from completed trials of caregiver-implemented naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions. Results showed that the NDBI-Fi measure has promise; it was sensitive to change, related to other similar measures, and demonstrated adequate agreement between raters. This unique measure has the potential to advance intervention science in autism spectrum disorder by providing a tool to measure the implementation of common elements across naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention models. Given that naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions have numerous shared strategies, this may ease clinicians’ uncertainty about choosing the “right” intervention package. It also suggests that there may not be a need for extensive training in more than one naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention. Future research should determine whether these common elements are part of other treatment approaches to better understand the quality of services children and families receive as part of usual care.

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