scholarly journals Beyond networks: Aligning qualitative and computational science studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1017-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Cambrosio ◽  
Jean-Philippe Cointet ◽  
Alexandre Hannud Abdo
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the thorny issue of the relationship (or lack thereof) between qualitative and quantitative approaches in Science and Technology Studies (STS). Although quantitative methods, broadly understood, played an important role in the beginnings of STS, these two approaches subsequently strongly diverged, leaving an increasing gap that only a few scholars have tried to bridge. After providing a short overview of the origins and development of quantitative analyses of textual corpora, we critically examine the state of the art in this domain. Focusing on the availability of advanced network structure analysis tools and Natural Language Processing workflows, we interrogate the fault lines between the increasing offer of computational tools in search of possible uses and the conceptual specifications of STS scholars wishing to explore the epistemic and ontological dimensions of techno-scientific activities. Finally, we point to possible ways to overcome the tension between ethnographic descriptions and quantitative methods while continuing to avoid the dichotomies (social/cognitive, organizing/experimenting) that STS has managed to discard.

scholarly journals Penguasaan 4 (Empat) Prasyarat Dasar Aritmatika untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Siswa Sekolah Dasar dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Matematika

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Endro Tri Susdarwono
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Loading Function ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Math Problems ◽  
Canonical Weight

The purpose of this study discusses how mastery of 4 (four) basic prerequisites of arithmetic which includes the ability to count, make Arithmetic / multiples, complement especially Nines and ten, and the concept of place values in numbers affect students' ability to solve math problems consisting of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and multiplication. The approach in this study uses a descriptive approach, the method used is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. A qualitative approach is used to describe the basic arithmetic mastery of students including numeracy, making Arithmetic / multiples numbers, complements especially nines and ten, and the concept of place values in numbers. The quantitative approach uses statistical tests with canonical correlation analysis to answer the relationship and influence between understanding of basic arithmetic mastery on the ability to solve math problems related to addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. From the results of the canonical weight and canonical loading function 1, it can be concluded that there is indeed a significant relationship between the dependent variate and the independent variate or basic arithmetic mastery and the students' ability to do math problems is indeed correlated together.

Dialogic constructions and discourse units:

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-518
Author(s):  
Vassiliki Geka ◽  
Sophia Marmaridou ◽  
Kiki Nikiforidou
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Discourse Marker ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Discourse Units ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Derived Data

Abstract Adopting a constructionally-oriented analysis, the present paper examines the pattern ‘think again’ (i.e., an instance of a mental state verb + adverbial adjunct) in synchronic, corpus-derived data. On the basis of both qualitative and quantitative analyses we show that think again merits constructional status in language; while it inherits features of fully-compositional meaning from its constituents it has also developed its own idiosyncratic properties. We further argue that think again may ultimately function as a discourse marker of challenge that regulates the relationship between Speaker (S) and Addressee (A), correlating with certain contextual regularities and interdependencies. It thus qualifies as a discourse construction that imposes a dialogic construal on its context and contributes fundamentally to discourse unit delimitation.

scholarly journals The virtue values: Kindness, loyalty, and piety in the Melayu cultural context

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-347
Author(s):  
Dede Fitriana Anatassia ◽  
Mira Noor Milla ◽  
Subhan El Hafiz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Indigenous Psychology ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Constructive Realism ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
The Core ◽  
Relationship Context ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

The belief in good values that live in the community have an influence on the individual’s behavior. Virtue is one of them. Virtues found to have links with the individual’s character and personality. By using the approach of constructive realism indigenous psychology, this study aims to explore the virtues in the context of Melayu culture. Data collection techniques in this study were open ended questions and multiple responses. Data were analyzed with qualitative and quantitative methods using NVivo. It was found that kindness and loyalty are the core virtues that are considered important in everyday life. In the relationship context, the behaviors target of these values is higher in the community than personal. Virtues was found to be differ according to the demands of the situation. These virtues shifted in problem solving situations, where kindness and empathy are expected to appear less than serenity and resourceful. It is clear that the virtues which embraced by the individual does not always manifest if the situation is not supportive for the emergence of these virtues.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of sandstone ground stone tools: arguments for a qualitative and quantitative synergetic approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Zupancich ◽  
Emanuela Cristiani
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Test Surface ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Ground Stone ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

Abstract In the last few years, the application of quantitative methods in the field of use wear analysis has grown considerably, involving the use of different techniques. A development in surface measurements approaches has become necessary as standard assessments based upon qualitative functional analysis are often affected by a degree of subjectivity and a limited reproducibility. To advance the current methodological debate on functional analysis of ground stone technology, we present a combined methodological approach, including qualitative and quantitative analyses, applied to the study of experimental sandstone ground stone tools. We test surface quantification at a macro and micro-scale, paired with the observation and description of residue and use wear connected to the processing of plant, animal and mineral matters. Our results provide an exhaustive quantitative dataset concerning surface modifications associated with different uses and suggest an analytical workflow for the functional analysis of both experimental and archaeological ground stone assemblages. We also highlight the limitation and pitfalls of an exclusive adoption of quantitative methods in the study of ancient tool use demonstrating how a synergetic approach can enhance the quality, reproducibility and comparability of functional data.

scholarly journals Nominalizations: Application of Grammatical Metaphor in the News Articles of Bangladesh-China Relations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Anisur Rahman Akanda
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Grammatical Metaphor ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Grammatical Metaphor Theory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract This study, within the framework of Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar, aims to find out the types of nominalization and their functions in the news articles of Bangladesh-China relations. Bangladesh established the diplomatic relation with China on 4 October 1975. Since then the BSS has shown great interest in the relationship between the two countries. By combining the qualitative and quantitative methods, this paper includes 140 news articles from the BSS on the topic (1975-2016). Grammatical Metaphor Theory is applied to identify the specific functions of nominalization in the news articles, which are calculated by the Wordsmith Tools. The findings show that process nominalization is the top-highest frequently metaphor (40.3%), while circumstance nominalization is the second-highest metaphor (35.8%). Further, relator nominalization is the third-highest metaphor (14.2%), while quality nominalization is the fourth-highest metaphor (8.4%). The lowest nominalization is entity nominalization, which is only 1.4%. The findings also show that process nominalization can increase the level of objectivity and conciseness of Bangladesh-China relations. By contrast, quality nominalization can increase the distance between the readers and the editors. Relator and entity nominalizations are rarely used in the news articles of the BSS. Further, practical implications are drawn for the readers about the function of nominalization in the news articles, which are concise, objective, and formal. Therefore, this paper will be helpful for those, who are interested in the study of the relations between Bangladesh and China.

scholarly journals Hybrid Local and Global Deep-Learning Architecture for Salient-Object Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8754
Author(s):  
Wajeeha Sultan ◽  
Nadeem Anjum ◽  
Mark Stansfield ◽  
Naeem Ramzan
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Salient Object Detection ◽  
Salient Object ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Exact Boundary ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

Salient-object detection is a fundamental and the most challenging problem in computer vision. This paper focuses on the detection of salient objects, especially in low-contrast images. To this end, a hybrid deep-learning architecture is proposed where features are extracted on both the local and global level. These features are then integrated to extract the exact boundary of the object of interest in an image. Experimentation was performed on five standard datasets, and results were compared with state-of-the-art approaches. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses showed the robustness of the proposed architecture.

scholarly journals A Deep Multi-Frame Super-Resolution Network for Dynamic Scenes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3285
Author(s):  
Ze Pan ◽  
Zheng Tan ◽  
Qunbo Lv
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Dynamic Scenes ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spatial Alignment ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

The multi-frame super-resolution techniques have been prosperous over the past two decades. However, little attention has been paid to the combination of deep learning and multi-frame super-resolution. One reason is that most deep learning-based super-resolution methods cannot handle variant numbers of input frames. Another reason is that it is hard to capture accurate temporal and spatial information because of the misalignment of input images. To solve these problems, we propose an optical-flow-based multi-frame super-resolution framework, which is capable of dealing with various numbers of input frames. This framework enables to make full use of the input frames, allowing it to obtain better performance. In addition, we use a spatial subpixel alignment module for more accurate subpixel-wise spatial alignment and introduce a dual weighting module to generate weights for temporal fusion. Both two modules lead to more effective and accurate temporal fusion. We compare our method with other state-of-the-art methods and conduct ablation studies on our method. The results of qualitative and quantitative analyses show that our method achieves state-of-the-art performances, demonstrating the advantage of the designed framework and the necessity of proposed modules.

Social Presence and User-Generated Content of Social Media in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Rui Sun ◽  
Hong Xue-Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
User Value ◽  
The Relationship

As a representative of the flourishing development of the internet, social media is a critical platform for user-generated content (UGC). This study investigated the relationship between social presence and UGC through qualitative and quantitative methods. Social presence and user value were divided into three dimensions to comprehensively analyze how sensory, affective, and cognitive social presence produces emotional, social, and functional user value, thereby driving the formulation of UGC. Empirical research was carried out incorporating the moderating effect of perceived risk.

scholarly journals Bortom mitt barn och andras ungar. Omsorgsetisk grammatik för skolväljande föräldrar

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-68
Author(s):  
Hanna Sjögren
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Ethics Of Care ◽  
Ethical Concern ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Swedish Educational System

A grammar of ethics of care for school choosing parents. To choose a school for one’s child is part and parcel of urban parenting in the contemporary Swedish educational system. While previous studies have investigated the consequences of the school choice empirically through both qualitative and quantitative methods, there are no previous studies investigating the issue of school choice as an ethical concern. Through the author’s situated experience of being a school choosing parent in Sweden’s third largest city, Malmö, the author uses educational philosopher Nel Nodding’s work on ethics of care and applies it to the question of what situated, responsible parenting in Malmö could mean today. The author introduces the metaphor of a grammar of ethics of care where the relationship between “our kid” and “our kids” is seen as relational, with an opening for caring for children outside the immediate family.

scholarly journals Can Giraffes Become Birds? An Evaluation of Image-to-image Translation for Data Generation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ruiz ◽  
Gabriel Salomon ◽  
Eduardo Todt
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Pascal Voc ◽  
Image Translation ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

There is an increasing interest in image-to-image translation withapplications ranging from generating maps from satellite images tocreating entire clothes’ images from only contours. In the presentwork, we investigate image-to-image translation using GenerativeAdversarial Networks (GANs) for generating new data, taking as acase study the morphing of giraffes images into bird images. Morphinga giraffe into a bird is a challenging task, as they have differentscales, textures, and morphology. An unsupervised cross-domaintranslator entitled InstaGAN was trained on giraffes and birds,along with their respective masks, to learn translation betweenboth domains. A dataset of synthetic bird images was generatedusing translation from originally giraffe images while preservingthe original spatial arrangement and background. It is important tostress that the generated birds do not exist, being only the result of alatent representation learned by InstaGAN. Two subsets of commonliterature datasets were used for training the GAN and generatingthe translated images: COCO and Caltech-UCSD Birds 200-2011.To evaluate the realness and quality of the generated images andmasks, qualitative and quantitative analyses were made. For thequantitative analysis, a pre-trained Mask R-CNN was used for thedetection and segmentation of birds on Pascal VOC, Caltech-UCSDBirds 200-2011, and our new dataset entitled FakeSet. The generateddataset achieved detection and segmentation results close tothe real datasets, suggesting that the generated images are realisticenough to be detected and segmented by a state-of-the-art deepneural network.

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