A New Introduction to the Peshitta of the Old Testament

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-246
Author(s):  
Marinus Koster
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Masoretic Text ◽  
Translation Technique ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
To Come ◽  
Precise Role ◽  
Critical Notes

Abstract The first part of this review article gives a full summary of Michael Weitzman's The Syriac Version of the Old Testament. It is agreed that this book is a masterpiece. Yet, as it will probably serve as the standard introduction to the Peshitta for many years to come, some critical notes are in order. These concern some methodological questions, the evaluation of the 'three-stages model' for the text history of the Peshitta, the precise role of scribes, Weitzman's multidimensional maps, and the overrated position of translation technique as an explanation of differences between the Peshitta and the Masoretic text.

Scriptural Battlefields: The Old Testament, Legal Culture, and the Polemics of the Spanish New World Empire, 1492–1821

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Cañizares-Esguerra ◽  
Adrian Masters
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Social Order ◽  
New World ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Spanish Empire ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Group Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Social Order

Scholars have barely begun to explore the role of the Old Testament in the history of the Spanish New World. And yet this text was central for the Empire’s legal thought, playing a role in its legislation, adjudication, and understandings of group status. Institutions like the Council of the Indies, the Inquisition, and the monarchy itself invited countless parallels to ancient Hebrew justice. Scripture influenced how subjects understood and valued imperial space as well as theories about Paradise or King Solomon’s mines of Ophir. Scripture shaped debates about the nature of the New World past, the legitimacy of the conquest, and the questions of mining, taxation, and other major issues. In the world of privilege and status, conquerors and pessimists could depict the New World and its peoples as the antithesis of Israel and the Israelites, while activists, patriots, and women flipped the script with aplomb. In the readings of Indians, American-born Spaniards, nuns, and others, the correct interpretation of the Old Testament justified a new social order where these groups’ supposed demerits were in reality their virtues. Indeed, vassals and royal officials’ interpretations of the Old Testament are as diverse as the Spanish Empire itself. Scripture even outlasted the Empire. As republicans defeated royalists in the nineteenth century, divergent readings of the book, variously supporting the Israelite monarchy or the Hebrew republic, had their day on the battlefield itself.

The Discovery of Retrolental Fibroplasia and the Role of Oxygen: A Historical Review, 1942–1956

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Reedy
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Retrolental Fibroplasia ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Prematurely Born Infants ◽  
The U.S

Nearly 50 years after it was thought to be conquered, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) continues to cause vision disturbances and blindness among prematurely born infants. During the 1940s and early 1950s, researchers and caregivers first identified and struggled to eliminate this problem, which seemed to come from nowhere and was concentrated among the most advanced premature nurseries in the U.S. Research studies initially identified many potential causes, none of which could be proved conclusively. By the mid-1950s, oxygen was identified as the culprit, and its use was immediately restricted. The rate of blindness among premature infants decreased significantly. ROP was not cured, however. By the 1960s, it had reappeared. The history of ROP serves to remind us that, despite our best intentions, the care and treatment of premature newborns will always carry with it the possibility of iatrogenic disease. This caution is worth remembering as we work to expand the quality and quantity of clinical research.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Anthropocene and Capitalocene Caused Pandemics

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Madhusudan Subedi
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Historical Inquiry ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Global Effect ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fundamental Causes ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come

  Most epidemiological studies focus on the direct causes of diseases while wider, social causal factors are ignored. This paper briefly highlights the history of major epidemics and the role of Anthropocene and Capitalocene for the emergence and reemergence of pandemics like COVID-19. Books, journal articles, and statistics offer information that can explain the phenomena. A historical inquiry can inform us about the fundamental causes of pandemics. Human security and ecology are intertwined, and the global effect of pandemics responded to at the national level is inadequate. The lessons from the past and present help us devise effective ethically and socially appropriate strategies to mitigate the threats. If the present crisis is not taken seriously at the global level, the world has to face more difficult challenges in years to come.

Some Aspects of the Position of Aboriginal Women in Australian Society

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-60
Author(s):  
M.A. Vazey
Keyword(s):  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Short History ◽  
Australian Society ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Aboriginal Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come

This paper includes a short history of Aboriginal women in Australia from about the turn of the century. This has been made possible by the writings of such women. Most non-Aboriginal women have been and are ignorant of this history. They need to understand this past in order to come to terms with it. Aboriginal women are also not aware of how misinformed non-Aboriginal women are of the role of Aboriginal women in their own society. An extensive dialogue is needed to develop the mutual understanding necessary for the construction of a peaceful and just post-colonial Australia.

Notes on a recent study of the Topkapi scroll: a review article

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-439
Author(s):  
J. M. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Islamic Art ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
History Of

Although it is difficult to envisage the history of Islamic art without considering the role of ornament, many distinguished scholars have found it an embarrassment. Professor Necipoğlu's achievement here is to have written an exhaustive historical analysis of the angular interlace (girih) and its 3-dimensional counterpart, the muqarnas and their place in the ornament of Islam as a whole.

scholarly journals Research Libraries and New Technologies, Promoting Access to Information, Learning, and Innovation for Today and the Future

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista L. Cox
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Research Libraries ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
To Come ◽  
Access To Knowledge ◽  
Teaching Learning

The role of libraries today is rooted in their historical mission. At their heart, libraries provide access to knowledge and information. They do so by preserving the cultural and historical record, not only for today, but for generations to come. They support teaching, learning and research by providing access to works, curating collections and ensuring that connections between different materials can be made. Libraries also have a long history of providing physicalspaces for studying, meeting or for exhibitions. They have also provided accessible formats to individuals with print and other disabilities, helping to ensure that everyone can access information. While these activities represent the historical role for libraries, these same endeavors hold true today. Beyond this historic role, libraries today have also evolved to accommodate the new ways of learning that technology has permitted. Ultimately, libraries have adapted to the changing landscape to ensure that they fulfill their missions of preservation and provision of access to knowledge and culture. Through fair use, for example, libraries have been able to adapt to new and emerging technologies.

scholarly journals The role of Helicobacter pylori in cardiovascular toxicity mechanisms

2019 ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
A. A. Avagimyan ◽  
L. G. Mkrtchyan ◽  
G. A. Navasardyan ◽  
A. A. Gevorkyan ◽  
E. A. Ananyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Cardiovascular Toxicity ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
History Of ◽  
Toxicity Mechanisms ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Plaque Destabilization

Despite the long history of the concept where infection plays a significant role in cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis in particular), today it is relevant and represented a significant interest.This article discusses H. pylori role in mechanisms of cardiovascular homeostasis disturbance. H. pylori involvement in atherogenic damage of arteries, and/or plaque destabilization is no doubt. This vidence is detailed in this review article.

scholarly journals Moses as a role model in the Serbia charters after 1371 changing patterns

Balcanica ◽  
2008 ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Zarko Vujosevic
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
Salvation History ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Major Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Changing Patterns

The aspects of the Old Testament figure of Moses highlighted in the charters of post-Nemanjic Serbia, or under the Lazarevic and Brankovic dynasties (1371-1459), testify to a changed attitude towards Old Testament role models. While members of the Nemanjic house such as the archbishop Sava I and the rulers Stefan of Decani and Dusan look up to Moses as a "religious leader", a prayerful intercessor before God and a victorious warrior, all of that for the sake of the "chosen" people, the role he is assigned in the arengae of the charters issued by prince Lazar and despots Stefan Lazarevic and Djuradj Brankovic is completely different. In the universal Christian context of the post-1371 arengae Moses figures as a "prophet" and the builder of the Tabernacle - a prefiguration of the Church, thereby epitomizing a major stage in the salvation history of humankind. The role of Moses, as well as that of David, the only other Old Testament figure still referred to in the charters of the period, has a universal ecclesiologically interpreted, significance. This new pattern of interpreting Moses implies that the ruler?s main virtue now becomes his concern for the "true faith" and the houses of God. The practice of the Nemanjics as regards selection and interpretation of Old Testament themes is reestablished by the titular despots of the Brankovic dynasty. In their charters, the first part of the Bible with Moses as a popular leader reassumes a "national" character and becomes part of the ideological apparatus intended to posit the Serbs as a "New Israel".

“Innovation” Discourse and the Neoliberal University: Top Ten Reasons to Abolish Disruptive Innovation

2019 ◽  
pp. 244-268
Author(s):  
Christopher Newfield
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Research University ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Western Development ◽  
Hard Limit ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come ◽  
University Officials ◽  
Privileged Site

Innovation is a core neoliberal economic strategy, and the research university is a privileged site for its incubation and practice. Most senior university officials believe that the university’s stature, funding, and fate depend on maintaining its reputation as a primary innovation source and look to purge elements that do not appear to fit that purpose. This chapter argues that this neoliberal policy agenda is, in effect, fighting the latest and possibly the last economic war. The chapter begins with a brief intellectual history of innovation as a business concept, focusing on the development and influence of Clayton Christensen’s innovation theory. It then offers a critical analysis of the role of innovation in the contemporary global research university. In turn, it presents the argument of Giovanni Arrighi and others that the “Western development pathway” has reached a hard limit. Finally, the chapter posits that the sustainable, post-neoliberal economy-to-come will depart from the current pathway by replacing energy-intensive technology with skilled and educated labor.

Septuagintas betydning som en hellenistisk udgave af Det Gamle Testamente

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-231
Author(s):  
Mogens Müller
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Hebrew Text ◽  
Reception History ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Greek Version ◽  
History Of ◽  
Old Greek ◽  
The Church

The understanding of the role of the old Greek translation of the Old Testament, the Septuagint, has undergone great changes in the last decennia. From looking upon the Hebrew text as the original and the Greek text as only a translation, it has now been common to view the Greek version as a chapter in a reception history of biblical traditions. By being used by New Testament authors and in the Early Church the Septuagint gained canonical status – alongside the Hebrew Bible. Thus the Old Testament of the Church in reality consists of both versions. The article argues for this also pointing to some of the theological consequences of viewing the connection between the two parts of the Christian Bible from the perspective of reception history.

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