Molecular and morphological characterisation of Sphaeronema alni Turkina & Chizhov, 1986 (Nematoda: Sphaeronematidae) from Spain compared with a topotype population from Russia

Abstract The occurrence of a male-less population of Sphaeronema alni parasitising chestnut (Castanea sativa) roots and inducing a stelar syncytium is reported for the first time in Pola de Somiedo (Oviedo province), Spain. Morphometric and molecular characters of the Spanish population matched those of a topotype population from Russia. SEM observations showed swollen females having the first lip annulus wider than the second and appearing as a cap-like, circumoral elevation. The second-stage juveniles, having a single band in the lateral fields, were characterised by a non-annulated dome-shaped lip region derived from the fusion of the oral disc with all the lip sectors and lip annuli, and showing slit-like amphidial apertures and an oval prestoma. The sequences of the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, partial 18S rRNA and ITS rRNA gene for the Spanish and topotype populations of S. alni were congruent and matched those deposited in GenBank for another population from Germany, thereby confirming their conspecificity. A PCR-RFLP profile of D2-D3 of 28S rRNA for identification of this species was also provided. The phylogenetic relationships between S. alni populations and representatives of the suborder Criconematina, as inferred from analysis of partial 18S rRNA and D2-D3 of 28S gene sequences obtained in this and previous studies, indicated that S. alni formed a basal clade on the majority consensus Bayesian phylogenetic trees, standing together with Meloidoderita sp. or alone. These findings provide additional evidence of the need to clarify the position of Sphaeronema within Criconematina and its relationships with representatives of Tylenchulinae.

Download Full-text

Morphological and molecular characterisation of Caloosia longicaudata (Loos, 1948) Siddiqi & Goodey, 1963 (Nematoda: Caloosiidae) from Maui, the Hawaiian Islands with notes on some species of the genus

Nematology ◽

10.1163/138855410x528947 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 381-393 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Esther van den Berg ◽

Sergei Subbotin ◽

Louwrens Tiedt

Keyword(s):

18S Rrna ◽

Hawaiian Islands ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Molecular Characterisation ◽

Diagnostic Pcr ◽

Rflp Profile ◽

First Time ◽

Partial 18S ◽

Scanning Electron

AbstractCaloosia longicaudata is described from Maui, the Hawaiian Islands, for the first time and both sexes are characterised morphologically using light and scanning electron microscopy. Molecular characterisation of C. longicaudata using the D2-D3 domain of 28S rRNA, partial 18S rRNA and ITS rRNA gene sequences is also provided. The phylogenetic relationships of this species with other representatives of the suborder Criconematina are presented and discussed. A diagnostic PCR-ITS-RFLP profile for C. longicaudata is given together with an identification table for eight species of Caloosia. Caloosia langola n. comb. is transferred to the genus and C. shorai is synonymised with H. psidii.

Download Full-text

Studies on Longidorus iberis (Escuer & Arias, 1997) n. comb. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Spain

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-bja10082 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Ilenia Clavero-Camacho ◽

Gracia Liébanas ◽

Miguel Escuer ◽

Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete ◽

Antonio Archidona-Yuste ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

18S Rrna ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Valid Species ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

North West ◽

Molecular Studies ◽

First Time ◽

Partial 18S

Summary Specimens of a thin longidorid species collected in Peñalba (Huesca), north-west Spain, were previously described as Paralongidorus iberis. However, we conclude, through scanning electron microscopy and molecular studies on a population from about 15 km from the type locality and on paratype specimens, that this species was originally placed in the wrong genus. Both populations have pore-like amphidial apertures, not slit-like as in Paralongidorus, and the species is therefore transferred to Longidorus. Longidorus iberis n. comb. is regarded as a valid species and is clearly different from closely related species such as L. tabernensis, L. iliturgiensis, L. alvegus and L. indalus in morphometrics and molecular markers. Molecular data are reported for the first time, including the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS1 rRNA, partial 18S rRNA and partial mitochondrial coxI regions. These molecular markers were used for inferring the phylogenetic relationships with other species within Longidorus and Paralongidorus, all clearly separating L. iberis n. comb. from other related taxa and placing the species in the Longidorus clade, rather than with Paralongidorus.

Download Full-text

Molecular characterisation of two known species of Paratylenchus Micoletzky, 1922 from Iran with notes on the validity of Paratylenchus audriellus Brown, 1959

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00002979 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 591-604 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mehrab Esmaeili ◽

Ramin Heydari ◽

Pablo Castillo ◽

Mozhgan Ziaie Bidhendi ◽

Juan E. Palomares-Rius

Keyword(s):

18S Rrna ◽

First Record ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Molecular Characterisation ◽

Female Tail ◽

Valid Taxon ◽

Two Populations ◽

Partial 18S

During a survey on pin nematodes in western Iran, two populations of Paratylenchus audriellus and Paratylenchus tenuicaudatus were collected and subsequently analysed morphologically and molecularly. Paratylenchus audriellus is characterised by the long stylet (48-61 μm) and the typical female tail with a characteristic claw-like process with sharply pointed terminus. To our knowledge, the Iranian population of P. tenuicaudatus is the first record from Iran. The molecular characterisation of P. audriellus nematodes using the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA and the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences revealed that this species is clearly separated from P. straeleni and should be considered as a valid taxon.

Download Full-text

Babesia microti in Rodents from Different Habitats of Lithuania

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11061707 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1707

Author(s):

Dalytė Mardosaitė-Busaitienė ◽

Jana Radzijevskaja ◽

Linas Balčiauskas ◽

Algimantas Paulauskas

Keyword(s):

18S Rrna ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Reservoir Host ◽

Clethrionomys Glareolus ◽

Babesia Microti ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Apodemus Flavicollis ◽

Study Sites ◽

First Time ◽

Partial 18S

Babesia microti (Aconoidasida: Piroplasmida) (Franca, 1910) is an emerging tick-borne parasite with rodents serving as the considered reservoir host. However, the distribution of B. microti in Europe is insufficiently characterized. Based on the sample of 1180 rodents from 19 study sites in Lithuania, the objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the presence of Babesia parasites in eight species of rodents, (2) to determine the prevalence of Babesia parasites in rodents from different habitats, and (3) to characterize the detected Babesia strains using partial sequencing of the 18S rRNR gene. Babesia DNA was detected in 2.8% rodents. The highest prevalence of Babesia was found in Microtus oeconomus (14.5%) and Microtus agrestis (7.1%) followed by Clethrionomys glareolus (2.3%), Apodemus flavicollis (2.2%) and Micromys minutus (1.3%). In M. minutus, Babesia was identified for the first time. The prevalence of Babesia-infected rodents was higher in the meadow (5.67%) than in the ecotone (1.69%) and forest (0.31%) habitats. The sequence analysis of the partial 18S rRNA gene reveals that Babesia isolates derived from rodents were 99–100% identical to human pathogenic B. microti ‘Jena/Germany’ strain.

Download Full-text

A new dagger nematode, Xiphinema poasense n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae), from Costa Rica

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003137 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 235-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ingrid Varela-Benavides ◽

Walter Peraza-Padilla ◽

Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete ◽

Juan E. Palomares-Rius ◽

Pablo Castillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

18S Rrna ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

The Body ◽

Wild Plants ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Body Contour ◽

Genital Branch ◽

Partial 18S

A new dagger nematode,Xiphinema poasensen. sp., is described and illustrated from three populations extracted from soil associated with a combined plantation ofEucalyptussp.,Cupressussp. andPennisetumsp. and wild plants from a tropical pre-montane forest in Costa Rica. The new dagger nematode is characterised by a moderate body size 2612 (2416-3042) μm long, a rounded lip region 15.0 (13.5-16.5) μm broad, separated from the body contour by a shallow depression, amphidial fovea large, stirrup-shaped, a very long odontostyle (175 (164-188) μm), stylet guiding ring located 167 (136-181) μm from anterior end, vulva situated anterior to mid-body (36-40%), anterior genital branch complete but strongly reduced, without uterine differentiation, female tail short, hemispherical to convex-conoid with a c′ ratio = 0.7 (0.6-0.8) and bearing two pairs of caudal pores, and male absent. Integrative diagnosis was completed with molecular data using D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS1 region, partial 18S-rRNA and the partial mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (coxI). The phylogenetic relationships based on D2-D3 segments of this species with otherXiphinemaspp. of theX.non-americanumgroup indicated thatX. poasensen. sp. clustered with other species with a reduced anterior genital branch from the morphospecies Group 2,viz.,X. costaricenseandX. krugi. However, the phylogeny ofcoxIand partial 18S rRNA gene revealed that the new species did not cluster withXiphinemaspecies having the anterior genital branch absent or reduced (i.e., morphospecies Groups 1 and 2, respectively).

Download Full-text

Meloidoderita whittoni (Sledge & Christie, 1962) comb. n. (Tylenchida: Sphaeronematidae) and its parasitic habits on sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.)

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003082 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 709-722

Author(s):

Alberto Troccoli ◽

Sergei A. Subbotin ◽

Jason D. Stanley ◽

Brian Alford ◽

Nicola Vovlas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

18S Rrna ◽

Original Description ◽

Liquidambar Styraciflua ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Second Stage ◽

Egg Deposition ◽

Gelatinous Matrix ◽

Definition Of ◽

Partial 18S

Morphological and molecular analyses of three populations of Meloidoderita whittoni (Sledge & Christie, 1962) comb. n. (syn. Sphaeronema whittoni; Tumiota whittoni) collected in Florida from sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) indicated that this species is a representative of Meloidoderita rather than Sphaeronema, where it was included in the original description, or Tumiota, to where it was subsequently transferred. However, this species can be considered an atypical representative of the genus, because it differs from the other species of this genus in having females retaining the eggs inside a thin-walled uterus, which remains encased inside their body. After egg deposition inside the uterus, the female dies and its body is transformed into a persistent tanned sac with a thick cuticle, devoid of ornamentations, which protects the eggs like a heteroderid cyst. The female secretes from the vulva a gelatinous matrix, which becomes hardened in time and encases its body for protection against predation and parasitism by biological antagonists as has been suggested for other tylenchuloid nematodes. No egg deposition outside the female body was observed. Second-stage juveniles of this species have a semi-endoparasitic, rather than endoparasitic, habit as in other known Meloidoderita species. This is the first report of a sphaeronematid having a cyst stage fitting the definition of a heteroderid cyst. Phylogenetic relationships between some species of Tylenchuloidea and Criconematina are analysed using the partial 18S rRNA, the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA and the ITS rRNA gene sequences.

Download Full-text

Molecular characterisation and phylogenetic relationships of sedentary nematodes of the genus Meloinema Choi & Geraert, 1974 (Nematoda: Tylenchida)

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-bja10056 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Sergei A. Subbotin ◽

Donggeun Kim

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

18S Rrna ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Molecular Characterisation ◽

Sister Relationship ◽

The Family ◽

18S Rrna Genes ◽

Relationship Of

Summary Molecular characterisation of two species of Meloinema: M. chitwoodi from Oregon, USA, and M. odesanens from South Korea, is given based on the partial 18S rRNA, the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA, and COI gene sequences. In the phylogenetic trees, Meloinema clustered with Meloidogyne, in a basal position and more closely with Meloidogyne indica and M. nataliei. The Shimodaira-Hasegawa (SH) maximum likelihood testing of an alternative topology with two gene fragments (D2-D3 of 28S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes) did not reject a sister relationship of Meloidogyne and Meloinema. Molecular results confirmed the view of Siddiqi (2000) that Meloidogyne and Meloinema evolved from a Pratylenchidae-type ancestor. The clade Meloinema + Meloidogyne + Nacobbus was rejected by the SH test of the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA gene sequence dataset. The molecular results suggested that the genus Nacobbus should be placed not in the Meloidogynidae, but in a separate subfamily, the Nacobbinae, under the family Pratylenchidae.

Download Full-text

Molecular Detection and Phylogeny of Anaplasmaphagocytophilum and Related Variants in Small Ruminants from Turkey

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11030814 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 814

Author(s):

Münir Aktaş ◽

Sezayi Özübek ◽

Mehmet Can Uluçeşme

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Sheep And Goats ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

First Time ◽

Japan And China ◽

Apparently Healthy

Anaplasma phagocytophilum causes tick-borne fever in small ruminants. Recently, novel Anaplasma variants related to A. phagocytophilum have been reported in ruminants from Tunisia, Italy, South Korea, Japan, and China. Based on 16S rRNA and groEL genes and sequencing, we screened the frequency of A. phagocytophilum and related variants in 433 apparently healthy small ruminants in Turkey. Anaplasma spp. overall infection rates were 27.9% (121/433 analyzed samples). The frequency of A. phagocytophilum and A. phagocytophilum-like 1 infections was 1.4% and 26.5%, respectively. No A. phagocytophilum-like 2 was detected in the tested animals. The prevalence of Anaplasma spp. was comparable in species, and no significant difference was detected between sheep and goats, whereas the prevalence significantly increased with tick infestation. Sequencing confirmed PCR-RFLP data and showed the presence of A. phagocytophilum and A. phagocytophilum-like-1 variant in the sampled animals. Phylogeny-based on 16S rRNA gene revealed the A. phagocytophilum-like 1 in a separate clade together with the previous isolates detected in small ruminants and ticks. In this work, A. phagocytophilum-like 1 has been detected for the first time in sheep and goats from Turkey. This finding revealed that the variant should be considered in the diagnosis of caprine and ovine anaplasmosis.

Download Full-text

Molecular Characterization ofCryptosporidiumspp. in Wild Rodents of Southwestern Iran Using 18s rRNA Gene Nested-PCR-RFLP and Sequencing Techniques

Journal of Tropical Medicine ◽

10.1155/2016/6834206 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Jasem Saki ◽

Masoud Foroutan-Rad ◽

Reza Asadpouri

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Nested Pcr ◽

18S Rrna ◽

Restriction Enzymes ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Wild Rodents ◽

Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Southwest Of Iran

Background. Rodents could act as reservoir forCryptosporidiumspp. speciallyC. parvum, a zoonotic agent responsible for human infections. Since there is no information aboutCryptosporidiuminfection in rodents of Ahvaz city, southwest of Iran, hence, this survey was performed to determine the prevalence and molecular characterization ofCryptosporidiumspp. in this region.Materials and Methods. One hundred rodents were trapped from different regions of Ahvaz city. Intestine contents and fecal specimens of rodents were studied using both microscopy examination to identify oocyst and nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for 18s rRNA gene detection. Eventually restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method usingSspIandVspIrestriction enzymes was carried out to genotype the species and then obtained results were sequenced.Results. Three out of 100 samples were diagnosed as positive and overall prevalence ofCryptosporidiumspp. was 3% using both modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining under light microscope and nested-PCR (830 bp) methods. Afterwards, PCR-RFLP was performed on positive samples andC. parvumpattern was identified. Finally PCR-RFLP findings were sequenced and presence ofC. parvumwas confirmed again.Conclusions. Our study showed rodents could be potential reservoir forC. parvum. So an integrated program for control and combat with them should be adopted and continued.

Download Full-text

Molecular and morphometric characterisation of Xiphinema globosum Sturhan, 1978 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Spain

Nematology ◽

10.1163/138855410x500046 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 17-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Blanca Landa ◽

Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete ◽

Juan Palomares-Rius ◽

Pablo Castillo ◽

Carlos Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

18S Rrna ◽

Matrix Representation ◽

Natural Environments ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Parsimony Method ◽

Rdna Genes ◽

Supertree Method ◽

The Matrix ◽

Relationship Of

AbstractDuring a recent nematode survey in natural environments of the Los Alcornocales Regional Park narrow valleys, viz., the renowned 'canutos' excavated in the mountains that maintain a humid microclimate, in southern Spain, an amphimictic population of Xiphinema globosum was identified. Morphological and morphometric studies on this population fit the original and previous descriptions and represent the first report from Spain and southern Europe. Molecular characterisation of X. globosum from Spain using D2-D3 expansion regions of 28S rRNA, 18S rRNA and ITS1-rRNA is provided and maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analysis were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships within X. globosum and other Xiphinema species. A supertree solution of the different phylogenetic trees obtained in this study and in other published studies using rDNA genes are presented using the matrix representation parsimony method (MRP) and the most similar supertree method (MSSA). The results revealed a closer phylogenetic relationship of X. globosum with X. diversicaudatum, X. bakeri and with some sequences of unidentified Xiphinema spp. deposited in GenBank.

Download Full-text