The Possible Role of Companion-Animal Anthropomorphism and Social Support in the Physical and Psychological Health of Dog Guardians

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolina M. Duvall Antonacopoulos ◽  
Timothy A. Pychyl
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Companion Animal ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWhile previous research suggests that individuals who humanize their companion animals may have insufficient human social support (Epley, Waytz, & Cacioppo, 2007), researchers have not examined the relation between companion-animal anthropomorphism and the health of animal guardians while taking into consideration their human social support levels. It was hypothesized that dog guardians with low levels of human social support would have poorer health if they engaged in high rather than low levels of anthropomorphism, while the health of dog guardians with high levels of human social support would not vary depending on their anthropomorphism levels. A sample of 203 Canadian dog guardians completed an online survey. Results revealed that, among dog guardians with low levels of human social support, those who engaged in high levels of anthropomorphism were more depressed, visited the doctor more often, and took more medications. Furthermore, among dog guardians with high levels of human social support, those who engaged in high levels of anthropomorphism were more stressed and depressed. These findings highlight the complexity of the relationship between anthropomorphic behavior, human social support, and dog guardians’ health.

The Effects of Situational Obstacles and Social Support on Suicide- Prevention Gatekeeper Behaviors

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 264-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Taylor Moore ◽  
Konstantin P. Cigularov ◽  
Peter Y. Chen ◽  
Jeremy M. Martinez ◽  
Jarrod Hindman
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Gatekeeper Training ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Referral Practices ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Although the effectiveness of suicide-prevention gatekeeper-training programs in improving knowledge, attitudes, and referral practices has been documented, their effects do not seem to be lasting. Aims: This study investigated situational obstacles at work that prevent suicide-prevention gatekeepers from engaging in suicide-prevention behavior and the role of social support in modifying the relationship between situational obstacles and suicide-prevention behaviors. Methods: 193 gatekeepers completed an online survey to rate the obstacles they had experienced at work since completing a gatekeeper-training program and the support received from coworkers, supervisors, and the organization. Participants also reported the frequency of suicide-prevention behaviors performed. Results: The results indicated that both situational obstacles and social support predicted the number of suicide-prevention behaviors performed, as expected. There was also a trend that support from supervisors and the organization may alleviate the adverse effect of situational obstacles on suicide-prevention behavior. Limitations: The cross-sectional nature of the study does not allow for directional, causal conclusions to be drawn. Conclusions: By understanding the roles of situational obstacles faced by trained gatekeepers at their work and the support they receive from supervisors and organizations, appropriate strategies can be identified and applied to facilitate gatekeeper performance.

How Social Support Affects Moral Disengagement: the Role of Anger And Hostility

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yanni Shen ◽  
Xiaojian Sun ◽  
Tao Xin
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Social Support Scale ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

We investigated the mediating roles of anger and hostility in the relationship between social support and moral disengagement. Participants were 315 college students who completed the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Aggression Questionnaire to assess anger and hostility, and the Moral Disengagement Questionnaire. Multiple mediation analysis results indicated that high levels of anger and hostility were associated with low levels of social support and high levels of moral disengagement. In addition, the total indirect effects and specific indirect effect of social support on moral disengagement through anger and hostility were all significant, suggesting that anger and hostility mediated the relationship between social support and moral disengagement. Implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals The Moderating Effect of Comfort from Companion Animals and Social Support on the Relationship between Microaggressions and Mental Health in LGBTQ+ Emerging Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Angela Matijczak ◽  
Shelby E. McDonald ◽  
Camie A. Tomlinson ◽  
Jennifer L. Murphy ◽  
Kelly O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship

LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual/gender minority identities) individuals frequently report exposure to microaggressions, which are associated with deleterious mental health outcomes. Social support from humans has been found to be an important protective factor for LGBTQ+ emerging adults. However, an underexplored area of research is the protective role of interactions with companion animals for this population. We conducted simple and multiple moderation analyses to explore whether and to what extent emotional comfort from companion animals and human social support moderated the relationship between LGBTQ-related microaggressions and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Our sample included 134 LGBTQ+ emerging adults (mean age of 19.31). We found that social support moderated the relationship between microaggressions and depressive symptoms. The relationship between microaggressions and depressive symptoms was not significant at high levels of social support, indicating the protective nature of human social support. Comfort from companion animals also moderated the relationship between interpersonal microaggressions and depressive symptoms. For participants with high or medium levels of emotional comfort from companion animals, interpersonal microaggressions were positively associated with depressive symptoms. Our results highlight the need to further investigate the complex role of relationships with companion animals on mental health outcomes for LGBTQ+ emerging adults.

scholarly journals Social Support in the Treatment of Heroin Addicts

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4(17)) ◽  
pp. 419-438
Author(s):  
Nermana Mujčinović ◽  
Nada Vaselić
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Heroin Addiction ◽  
Uncertain Process ◽  
Heroin Addicts ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Motivational Aspect ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health

Heroin addiction impairs every aspect of physical and psychological health of the addict, and at the same time, it impairs all forms of social functioning of the addict, as well as of everyone who loves him/her and of society as a whole, so it's necessary to put a lot of effort into treating this disease successfully. Working with heroin addicts shows that the treatment is a long and uncertain process, as the treatment must simultaneously cover three segments: psychological traits of heroin addicts, the degree of social support they have, and their motivation for this treatment. The theoretical goal of this research was to find out whether there is a link between social support and motivation for addiction treatment. The practical goal is to provide the improvement of the motivational aspect of treating heroin addicts, as well as to determine the role of social support in evaluating treatment outcomes. The research was conducted on a sample of 227 heroin addicts under treatment. The perception of social support for heroin addicts is the greatest when it comes to their families. A positive correlation was found between persistence in treatment and perceived social support from family members.

scholarly journals Spiritual Well-Being, Social Support, and Financial Distress in Determining Depression: The Mediating Role of Impact of Event During COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Sharif Nia ◽  
Ozkan Gorgulu ◽  
Navaz Naghavi ◽  
María Auxiliadora Robles-Bello ◽  
David Sánchez-Teruel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the relationship between spiritual well-being, social support, and financial distress with depressive symptoms due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A path analysis was used to analyze data collected from 1,156 Iranian participants via an online survey. The results showed that spiritual well-being and social support were negatively related to depressive symptoms and financial distress. The impact of COVID-19 events showed negative associations with depressive symptoms. In addition, the link between spiritual well-being and financial distress with depressive symptoms was partially mediated by the impact of events.

scholarly journals Instagram selfie-posting and young women’s body dissatisfaction: Investigating the role of self-esteem and need for popularity

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Relationship

An online survey was conducted to explore how Instagram users’ selfie-posting behavior affects their self-esteem and body dissatisfaction. Female college students from South Korea (N = 321) participated in the survey. Results showed that Instagram users’ selfie-posting was positively related to their self-esteem. Moreover, Instagram users’ self-esteem mediated the relationship between their selfie-posting behavior and body dissatisfaction. Findings showed that Instagram users’ selfie-posting behavior may positively influence their self-esteem, which may consequently contribute to reducing their body dissatisfaction. Such an indirect effect of selfie-posting was moderated by Instagram users’ levels of the need for popularity. The indirect influence of selfie-posting on body dissatisfaction through self-esteem was only significant among those with low or moderate levels of the need for popularity. This suggests that those with lower levels of the need for popularity can benefit more from posting their selfies. These findings advance the emerging literature on the effects of selfie-posting by providing a moderated mediation model of selfie-posting and body image concerns.

Leader strain and follower burnout: Exploring the role of transformational leadership behaviour

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Diebig ◽  
Ute Poethke ◽  
Jens Rowold
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Leadership Behaviour ◽  
Leadership Framework ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Transformational Leadership Style ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Perceived Strain

This study contributes to leadership literature by linking leader strain with followers’ level of burnout while considering leaders’ transformational leadership behaviour. The study provides promising insights into the field of leadership theory by shedding light on the nature of leadership under stress. The sample consisted of 294 dyads of leaders and their followers, who provided information on transformational leadership style, levels of perceived strain, and burnout via an online survey. Results show that (1) strained leaders display less transformational leader behaviours, (2) leaders’ transformational behaviours reduce follower burnout, and (3) the relationship between leader strain and follower burnout is mediated by transformational leadership behaviours. This study contributes to the existing literature by exploring the link between leaders’ strain and followers’ burnout within a health-oriented leadership framework, and uncovers direct and indirect effects seen as a result of transformational leadership.

scholarly journals Occupation and life satisfaction among individuals with mental illness: the mediation role of self-reported psychophysiological health

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10829
Author(s):  
Alexandre Granjard ◽  
Marko Mihailovic ◽  
Clara Amato ◽  
Maryam Kazemitabar ◽  
Franco Lucchese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
The Relationship

Background Unemployment can diminish physical, psychological and social health. In this context, research shows that people with mental illness have even more difficulties finding occupation. Thus, some countries, such as Sweden, strive after creating job opportunities for this specific group. We investigated the effect of having an occupation on life satisfaction among individuals with mental illness and whether self-reported physical and psychological health mediated the relationship between being (un)employed and life satisfaction. Method Two-hundred eighty-seven individuals (148 males, 134 females, and 5 missing information) with mental illness, who received support and services from Swedish Municipalities in Blekinge, self-reported occupation, life satisfaction, and physical and psychological health. Results Participants who reported having an occupation reported also significantly higher levels of life satisfaction, physical health, and psychological health compared to those without occupation. Nevertheless, these differences were rather small (Eta2 < 0.06). Moreover, the indirect effect of having an occupation on life satisfaction through physical and psychological health was significant. Finally, the total indirect effect of physical and psychological health (i.e., psychophysiological health) accounted for 53% of the total effect of having an occupation on life satisfaction. Conclusion For individuals with mental illness there seems to be an almost equal importance of indirect and direct effects of having an occupation on their levels of life satisfaction. More specifically, while there are differences in life satisfaction within this population in relation to having an occupation, having an occupation leads to the sense of good psychophysiological health, which in turn helps individuals with mental illness to feel satisfied with their lives.

scholarly journals An Examination of the Role of Psychological Inflexibility in Hoarding Using Multiple Mediator Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa W. Ong ◽  
Jennifer Krafft ◽  
Michael E. Levin ◽  
Michael P. Twohig
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cognitive Fusion ◽  
Psychological Inflexibility ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Mediational Role ◽  
The Relationship

Hoarding is associated with functional impairment and impacts quality of life. One process that has been theorized to explain how hoarding develops and leads to impairment is psychological inflexibility, in which behavior is rigidly controlled by a perceived need to regulate internal experiences, at the expense of more effective, valued actions. The present study aimed to test the mediational role of psychological inflexibility in the development of hoarding and its impact on life satisfaction with a sample of 489 college students completing an online survey. Results indicated that multiple measures of psychological inflexibility (overall inflexibility, inattention, and values obstruction) mediated the relationship between distress and hoarding. Other measures of psychological inflexibility (overall inflexibility, cognitive fusion, and lack of values progress) mediated the link between hoarding severity and life satisfaction. These findings suggest that how one responds to distress and hoarding symptoms can influence symptom severity and life satisfaction, and that psychological flexibility may promote more adaptive outcomes. Thus, current interventions for problematic hoarding may be strengthened by targeting psychological inflexibility and related processes.

Testing the Strain Theory of Suicide – The Moderating Role of Social Support

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Lew ◽  
Ksenia Chistopolskaya ◽  
Yanzheng Liu ◽  
Mansor Abu Talib ◽  
Olga Mitina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Strains ◽  
Moderating Role

Abstract. Background: According to the strain theory of suicide, strains, resulting from conflicting and competing pressures in an individual's life, are hypothesized to precede suicide. But social support is an important factor that can mitigate strains and lessen their input in suicidal behavior. Aims: This study was designed to assess the moderating role of social support in the relation between strain and suicidality. Methods: A sample of 1,051 employees were recruited in Beijing, the capital of China, through an online survey. Moderation analysis was performed using SPSS PROCESS Macro. Social support was measured with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and strains were assessed with the Psychological Strains Scale. Results: Psychological strains are a good predictor of suicidality, and social support, a basic need for each human being, moderates and decreases the effects of psychological strains on suicidality. Limitations: The cross-sectional survey limited the extent to which conclusions about causal relationships can be drawn. Furthermore, the results may not be generalized to the whole of China because of its diversity. Conclusion: Social support has a tendency to mitigate the effects of psychological strains on suicidality.

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