Neoalloionema indicum n. sp. (Nematoda: Alloionematidae), a new alloionematid from India

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 949-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Nermuť ◽  
Vladimír Půža ◽  
Zdeněk Mráček
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Genital Papilla ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
The Family ◽  
Minute Post

A new nematode species belonging to the family Alloionematidae was originally isolated by Dr Marie Anne Félix on 16 December 2007 from a rotting coconut at the boat boarding point in Estuary island resort, Poovar, Kerala, India. Both morphologically and molecularly, the new isolate resembles Neoalloionema tricaudatum but, unlike N. tricaudatum this species has no phasmidial ‘horns’ in the juvenile stage, even though prominent structures in the mid-tail of dauer juveniles were observed. Females are characterised by a body length of 947 (869-1030) μm, vulva in the mid-body region, long, and tapering tail with a minute post-anal swelling. Males are 678 (606-757) μm long with a long tapering tail that is very thick at base. They are further characterised by seven pairs of genital papillae and a single genital papilla. Dauer juveniles are only 391 (364-434) μm long, thin and almost straight when heat-killed. Large, prominent phasmids are located laterally at the mid-tail region and lateral fields consisting of a single ridge are present. Several morphological and molecular differences encouraged us to describe the nematode as N. indicum n. sp. The ecology of the newly described species is unknown, but it is probably a saprophytic bacteriophagous nematode preferring rotting organic material.

Philometra barbata n. sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae) from the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Perciformes, Mullidae) off Tunisia

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 766-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nessrine Ghanmi ◽  
David González-Solís ◽  
Lamia Gargouri
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Red Mullet ◽  
Mullus Barbatus ◽  
The Family

Abstract Helminthological examinations of the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Linnaeus) (Mullidae) from the Gulf of Hammamet, off Tunisia, revealed the presence of one undescribed gonad-infecting nematode species, Philometra barbata n. sp. (Philometridae). The new species as other congeneric species is mainly characterized by the shape of the caudal mound, the distribution of the caudal papillae and the shape of the gubernaculum with the presence of a dorsal protuberance consisting of two dorsolateral lamellar parts separated from each other by a smooth median field in the male. The new species differs from its gonadinfecting congeners in the body length of male, the length of spicules and gubernaculum. This is the second nominal species of Philometra reported from fishes of the family Mullidae and the 14th from the Mediterranean Sea.

The genus Trophomera Rubtsov & Platonova, 1974 with description of T. litoralis sp. n. (Nematoda: Benthimermithidae) from the tidal zone of the Kuril Archipelago and proposal of Benthimermis Petter, 1980 as a junior synonym

Nematology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Miljutin
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Tidal Zone ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tail Shape ◽  
Emended Description

Abstract The type species of Trophomera, T. iturupiensis, is redescribed from type material and important errors in the original description corrected. As a result of this emended description, Benthimermis is proposed as a junior synonym of Trophomera and its species transferred accordingly. The family name Benthimermithidae is retained according to articles 23.1 and 40.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Trophomera is diagnosed and an annotated list of nominal species presented. Trophomera litoralis sp. n., collected from the tidal zone of Ushishir Island (Kuril Archipelago), is described on the basis of four males. The males of T. litoralis sp. n. differ from those of other Trophomera species primarily by the much higher number of precloacal supplementary organs (105-108 vs 2-68). Trophomera litoralis sp. n. is most similar to T. regalis comb. n. yet differs by shorter body length (5.8-9.3 vs 14.9 mm), body proportions (a = 67-107 vs 124.4; c = 61-97 vs 135.7), greater length of the intermediate spermatoduct between the anterior and posterior testes (ca 1/7th vs ca 1/140th of body length), tail shape (rounded conoid vs pointed conoid), and number of precloacal supplementary organs (105-108 vs 49).

The philometrid nematodePhilometroides acreanensis n. sp. from the stomach wall of the catfishPimelodus blochiiin north-western Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.H.O. Cavalcante ◽  
F. Moravec ◽  
C.P. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Gravid Female ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stomach Wall ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
South American

AbstractA new nematode species,Philometroides acreanensisn. sp. (Philometridae), is described from female specimens recovered from the stomach wall of the freshwater catfishPimelodus blochiiValenciennes (Pimelodidae) collected in the Acre River (Amazon River basin), Acre State, Brazil. Based on examination by light and scanning electron microscopy, the new species differs from the two other South American congeneric species mainly in the body length of the gravid female (240–280 mm), the length of the oesophagus (1.25 mm in holotype) representing 0.5% of the entire body length, the range of cuticular embossment, as well as the location in the host (stomach), order of the fish host (Siluriformes) and the geographical distribution (Amazon River drainage system). This is the third known species ofPhilometroidesYamaguti, 1935 reported from South America. A key to species ofPhilometroidesoccurring in the fish of America is provided.

A three year study of seasonal dynamics of a zoobenthos community in a eutrophic lake

Nematology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Michiels ◽  
Walter Traunspurger
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Nematode Community ◽  
Benthic Biomass ◽  
The Family ◽  
Feeding Type ◽  
Meiofauna Community

AbstractThe meiofauna community in the eutrophic Lake Obersee was investigated, with special emphasis on nematodes, from March 2001 to December 2003. Meiobenthos showed a stable annual and seasonal pattern with oligochaetes contributing most to benthic biomass and nematodes to benthic abundance. With 152 nematode species, Lake Obersee is the most nematode species-rich lentic habitat described so far. The nematode community was dominated by the family Monhysteridae. Bacterial feeders were the most abundant feeding type; omnivorous nematodes contributed most to total nematode biomass. Reproduction occurred throughout the year, with most species reproducing parthenogenetically. No seasonal pattern in reproductive strategies was found.

scholarly journals First report of Ditylenchus gallaeformans in Miconia albicans from the Brazilian Cerrado, State of Goiás

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 729
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Vieira da Silva ◽  
Dalila Sêni de Jesus ◽  
Brenda Ventura de Lima e Silva ◽  
Bruno Eduardo Cardozo de Miranda ◽  
João Pedro Elias Gondim
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Invasive Weeds ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
First Report ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family

Miconia albicans (Melastomataceae), whose common name is canela-de-velha, is a native plant of the tropical region that is abundant in the Cerrado biome. A nematode species was found parasitizing M. albicans, causing severe deformation and gall-like structures on the infected leaves and inflorescences. Morphological, morphometric and molecular characterizations identified the nematode as Ditylenchus gallaeformans. This nematode has great potential as a biocontrol agent of plants in the family Melastomataceae, which are invasive weeds in ecosystems of the Pacific Islands. This is the first report of D. gallaeformans parasitizing M. albicans in the Cerrado of the state of Goiás.

scholarly journals New morphological data and molecular diagnostic of Henneguya friderici (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae), a parasite of Leporinus friderici (Osteichthyes: Anostomidae) from southeastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Poblete Vidal ◽  
José Luis Luque
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
18S Rdna ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gill Filaments

Abstract The myxozoan Henneguya friderici is a parasite of the gills, intestine, kidney and liver of Leporinus friderici, a characiform fish belonging to the family Anostomidae. Forty-two specimens of L. friderici that had been caught in the Mogi Guaçú River, state of São Paulo, were studied. Elongated white plasmodia were found in the gill filaments of 10 host specimens (24%). The mature spores had an ellipsoidal body with polar capsules of equal size and caudal length greater than body length. This study also described 18S rDNA sequencing of H. friderici infecting the gill filaments. This produced a sequence of 1050 bp that demonstrated significant genetic differences with previously described species of Henneguya. Similarity analysis using sequences from species that clustered closest to those produced by this study showed that the species with greatest genetic similarity to H. friderici was H. leporinicola, with 94% similarity.

scholarly journals Differentiated effects of parasitic nematodes Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita on slugs of the genus Deroceras and snails of the genus Arion

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Pavlína Šenoldová ◽  
Jiří Rotrekl
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Snail Family ◽  
Phasmarhabditis Hermaphrodita ◽  
Differentiated Effects

This paper compares efficiency of preparations based on a parasitic nematode species Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita with a molluscocide containing methiocarb as an effective substance. Parasitic nematodes by the family Agriolimacidae showed a significantly better effect on mortality and reduction of the percentage of damaged plants than the methiocarb-based preparation. Under laboratory and field conditions, the efficiency of parasitic nematodes on the family Agriolimacidae ranged from 84% to 94% and from 81% to 94%, resp., while the percentages of damaged plants were minimal in both cases. The corresponding effects of the methiocarb-based molluscocide were only 35% and 21%, resp. The effect of parasitic P. hermaphrodita nematodes on members of the snail family Arionidae was not demonstrated both under laboratory and field conditons and the mortality was up to 6% with a total defoliation of plants. Under laboratory and field conditions, the mortality of slugs from the genus Arion after the application of methiocarb-based preparation was 53% and 38%, resp. However, the damage of plants was significant and it reached nearly 67% and 60% under laboratory and field conditions, resp.

The Pristionchus HOX gene Ppa-lin-39 inhibits programmed cell death to specify the vulva equivalence group and is not required during vulval induction

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (19) ◽  
pp. 3865-3873 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Sommer ◽  
A. Eizinger ◽  
K.Z. Lee ◽  
B. Jungblut ◽  
A. Bubeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Ras Signaling ◽  
Equivalence Group ◽  
Hox Gene ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Vulval Precursor Cells

In the two nematode species Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus the vulva equivalence group in the central body region is specified by the Hox gene lin-39. C. elegans lin-39 mutants are vulvaless and the vulval precursor cells fuse with the surrounding hypodermis, whereas in P. pacificus lin-39 mutants the vulval precursor cells die by apoptosis. Mechanistically, LIN-39 might inhibit non-vulval fate (cell fusion in C. elegans, apoptosis in P. pacificus), promote vulval fate or do both. To study the mechanism of lin-39 function, we isolated P. pacificus cell death mutants and identified mutations in ced-3. Surprisingly, P. pacificus ced-3; lin-39 double mutants form a functional vulva in the absence of LIN-39 activity. Thus, in P. pacificus lin-39 specifies the vulva equivalence group by inhibiting programmed cell death. Furthermore, these data reveal an important difference in a later function of lin-39 between the two species. In C. elegans, LIN-39 specifies vulval cell fates in response to inductive RAS signaling, and in P. pacificus LIN-39 is not required for vulval induction. Thus, the comparative analysis indicates that lin-39 has distinct functions in both species although the gene is acting in a homologous developmental system.

SKELETAL TRAUMA WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR INTRATAIL MOBILITY IN EDMONTOSAURUS ANNECTENS FROM A MONODOMINANT BONEBED, LANCE FORMATION (MAASTRICHTIAN), WYOMING USA

Palaios ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
BETHANIA C.T. SIVIERO ◽  
ELIZABETH REGA ◽  
WILLIAM K. HAYES ◽  
ALLEN M. COOPER ◽  
LEONARD R. BRAND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
Physical Trauma ◽  
Vertebral Centra ◽  
Gregarious Behavior ◽  
Caudal Vertebrae ◽  
Bone Abnormalities

ABSTRACT This study presents evidence of pre-mortem traumatic injury and its sequalae on multiple Edmontosaurus annectens skeletal elements recovered from a largely monodominant Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) bonebed. The sample consists of 3013 specimens excavated and prepared from two quarries, of which 96 elements manifest one or more macroscopic bone abnormalities and 55 specimens display pathology attributable to physical trauma. Evidence of traumatic pathology is strongly associated (P < .05) with body region, occurring disproportionately in the caudal vertebrae. Pre-mortem fractures with subsequent bone remodeling and hypertrophic ossification of caudal neural spines are present principally in the middle and mid-distal regions of the tail, while fractures of the vertebral centra are present primarily in the distal tail region. Other skeletal regions, such as chevrons, phalanges of the manus and ribs display unambiguous evidence of healed trauma, but with less frequency than the tail. These findings, in combination with current understanding of hadrosaurian tail biomechanics, indicate that intervertebral flexibility within the middle and mid-distal region of the tail likely rendered these caudal vertebrae more susceptible to the deleterious effects of repeated mechanical stress and subsequent trauma, potentially accompanying running locomotion and other high-impact herd interactions. Healed fractures within the region are also suggestive of accumulated injuries due to a combination of tail usage in defense and possibly accidental bumping/trampling associated with gregarious behavior.

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