Notes For a Discussion on Unequal Exchange and the Marxist Theory of Dependency

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Mariano Féliz
Keyword(s):  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Unequal Exchange

Abstract The debate on the decline of the terms of trade in dependent countries was never fully integrated into the Marxist theory of dependency. The attempt to articulate it through the category of unequal exchange was not particularly systematic. This paper seeks to recover those debates and will attempt to account for the relevant articulations in the light of a present revitalisation of studies in the field of Marxist dependency theory. To this end, we will recover the classical discussions around unequal exchange in order to discuss their points of contact with the Marxist theory of dependency and some contemporary debates around the transfer of value and the super-exploitation of labour and nature.

Notas para un debate sobre el intercambio desigual y la teoría marxista de la dependencia (Unequal exchange and the Marxist theory of dependency. Reclaiming the debate)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Féliz
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Unequal Exchange ◽  
Value Transfer

ResumenEl debate en torno a la caída de los términos del intercambio en los países dependientes nunca fue del todo integrado en la teoría marxista de la dependencia. El intento de articularlo a través de la categoría de intercambio desigual fue poco sistemático.Este trabajo busca recuperar esos debates e intentará dar cuenta de la articulaciones relevantes a la luz de una revitalización presente de los estudios en el campo de la teoría marxista de la dependencia.Para ello, recuperaremos la discusiones clásicas en torno al intercambio desigual para recuperar sus puntos de contacto con la teoría marxista de la dependencia y algunos debates contemporáneos en torno a la transferencia de valor y la superexplotación de la fuerza de trabajo y la naturaleza.AbstractThe debate into the falling terms of trade in dependent countries was never fully integrated into the Marxist dependency theory. The attempt at its articulation though the category of unequal exchange was not too systematic. In this work we will recover those debates and attempt to account of the relevant articulations in light of the revitalization of studies within the field of the Marxist dependency theory.To that aim, we will recover classical discussions on unequal exchange to take on its points of contact with the Marxist dependency theory and some of the contemporary debates on value transfer, and superexploitation of labour force and nature.

scholarly journals The Currency of Ruy Mauro Marini’s Thinking and Dependency Theory / La Vigencia del Pensamiento de Ruy Mauro Marini y la Teoría de la Dependencia

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 09
Author(s):  
Adrián Sotelo Valencia
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Fourth Power ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
Capitalist Economy ◽  
Unequal Exchange ◽  
The World

Ruy Mauro Marini’s thinking, within the framework of Marxism, continues to apply in the 21st century because the conditions he discovered around the dialectics of dependency (super-exploitation of labor, unequal exchange, sub-imperialism, and the Fourth Power) remain in the contours of the world capitalist economy.

scholarly journals „Disparater Tausch“

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (124) ◽  
pp. 429-442
Author(s):  
Peter Custers
Keyword(s):  
Civil Wars ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Transnational Corporation ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Unequal Exchange

Financing civil wars in Africa depends of the export of raw materials like diamonds or oil as well on the side of government as on the side of rebels. Transnational corporation get big profits by these exports, especially in the monopolised sector of diamond industries. In result, there exists not only an “unequal exchange” because of bad terms of trade, but a “disparate exchange”: natural wealth is exchanged against waste products like weapons and the use of these weapons leads to further destruction and misery.

scholarly journals A TEORIA MARXISTA DA DEPENDÊNCIA À LUZ DE MARX E DO CAPITALISMO CONTEMPORÂNEO

Caderno CRH ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (84) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Martins
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
The Political ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
The Third ◽  
Amérique Latine ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Amerique Latine

<p>Neste artigo, analisam-se as principais contribuições da economia política da dependência a partir dos debates que a obra de Ruy Mauro Marini suscitou. Propõe-se a reformulação teórica dos conceitos de superexploração do trabalho e de subimperialismo, com o objetivo de atualizar e enriquecer a teoria marxista da dependência, para a análise das tendências do capitalismo contemporâneo e das formas históricas que ele assumiu na América Latina. O texto se divide em três partes: a primeira onde se expõem o pensamento de Marini e suas contribuições para a economia política; a segunda onde se apresentam as principais críticas realizadas ao seu enfoque; e a terceira onde se busca sustentar seu enfoque a partir de algumas reformulações que se consideram necessárias para desenvolvê-lo.</p><div class="trans-abstract"><p><span>THE DEPENDENCY THEORY IN THE LIGHT OF MARX AND CONTEMPORARY CAPITALISM</span></p><p>The article analyzes the main contributions of the political economy of dependence from the debates that the work of Ruy Mauro Marini aroused. It proposes the theoretical reformulation of the concepts of superexploitation of labor and of subimperialism with the aim of updating and enriching the Marxist theory of dependency to analyze the trends of contemporary capitalism and the historical forms it has assumed in Latin America. It is divided into three parts, the first where Marini’s thinking and his contributions to political economy are presented, the second where the main criticisms of his approach are presented, and the third one where we sustain his approach from some reformulations that are considered necessary to develop it.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Superexplotation of labour; Subimperialism; Marxist political economy; Marini; Marx</p></div><div class="trans-abstract"><p class="sec"><span>LA THÉORIE DE LA DÉPENDENCE À LA LUMIÈRE DU MARX ET DU CAPITALISME CONTEMPORAINE</span></p><p>L’articleanalyse les principales contributions de l’économiepolitique de la dépendance aux débats suscités par le travail de Ruy Mauro Marini. Il propose la reformulation théorique des concepts de surexploitation du travail et de sub-impérialisme dans le but de mettre à jour et d’enrichir la théorie marxiste de la dépendance pour analyser les tendances du capitalismecontemporain et les formes historiques qu’il a assumées en Amérique Latine. Il est divisé en trois parties, la première où la pensée de Marini et ses contributions à l’économie politique sont présentées, la seconde où les principales critiques de son approche sont présentées, et la troisième où il cherche à soutenir son approche à partir de certaines reformulations qui sont considérés comme nécessaires pour le développer.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Superexploration du travail; Sous-imperialism; Économiepolitiquemarxiste; Marini; Marx</p></div>

The Longue Durée of the Marxist Theory of Dependency and the Twenty-First Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 0094582X2110520
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Martins
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
World Order ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
First Century ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Latin American Left ◽  
Global Strategies ◽  
American Left

A critical review of the 50-year-old Marxist theory of dependency and its current situation includes discussion of its analyses of the world-system, the concepts of superexploitation and subimperialism, its reflections on development, democracy, and proposals for emancipation, and its perspectives on the rise of the Latin American left in the twenty-first century and the prospects of neoconservatism. It concludes that with the globalization of capital, Marxist dependency theory must oppose not only internal structures of dependency but the imperialist world order, and this will call for the socialization of the forces of production and the development of national, continental and global strategies. Uma revisão crítica dos 50 anos de debates sobre a teoria marxista da dependência e seu estado da arte, que inclui a discussão de suas análises do sistema-mundo, os conceitos de superexploração e subimperialismo, suas reflexões sobre desenvolvimento, democracia e propostas de emancipação, e suas perspectivas sobre a ascensão da esquerda latino-americana no século XXI e as perspectivas do neoconservadorismo. Conclui que, com a globalização do capital, a teoria marxista da dependência deve assumir sua vocação de luta não apenas contra as estruturas internas da dependência mas também contra a ordem mundial imperialista, e isso exigirá o desenvolvimento de estratégias nacionais, continentais e mundiais.

Assessing a Proposal for Updating the Marxist Theory of Dependency

2021 ◽  
pp. 0094582X2110479
Author(s):  
Jaime Osorio
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
The State ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Recent Proposal ◽  
Unequal Exchange ◽  
America Latina ◽  
The Revolution

A recent proposal for updating of the Marxist theory of dependency requires abandoning the categories of superexploitation and unequal exchange and the theory of dependent capitalism. Examination of the limitations of this proposal highlights the misconceptions regarding these categories and the importance of recognizing dependent capitalism as a form of capitalism for an understanding of the state of the revolution in Latin America and the exceptional conditions that have made it possible for some economies to overcome underdevelopment. Una propuesta reciente de renovación de la teoría marxista de la dependencia reclama abandonar las categorías superexplotación e intercambio desigual y la de capitalismo dependiente. Un examen de las limitaciones de esta propuesta destaca a los errores en la comprensión de esas categorías así como la relevancia de capitalismo dependiente como una forma de capitalismo para comprender la actualidad de la revolución en América Latina y las condiciones de excepción que han hecho posible superar el subdesarrollo por algunas economías.

Internationaler Handel, Tauschgerechtigkeit und die globale Rohstoffdividende

1997 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Reichel
Keyword(s):  
Developing World ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distribution Problem ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Unequal Exchange ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Internal Distribution ◽  
The One

AbstractPogge's proposal of a ,global resource dividend' (GRD) is intendend to compensate the poor, commodity-exporting countries of the developing world for terms of trade losses and unequal exchange in trade with the industrialized North. It can be shown that it is unlikely that Pogge’s GRD will be successful. On the one side, increased financial flows from the GRD funds may seriously inhibit the structural transformaton of an underdeveloped economy, whereas on the other side the internal distribution problem associated with GRD payments is not resolved.

FR-IR Molecular Microanalysis System

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
John A. Reffner ◽  
William T. Wihlborg
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Ir Microscopy ◽  
Normal Functions ◽  
Infrared Microspectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Ft Ir

The IRμs™ is the first fully integrated system for Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopy. FT-IR microscopy combines light microscopy for morphological examination with infrared spectroscopy for chemical identification of microscopic samples or domains. Because the IRμs system is a new tool for molecular microanalysis, its optical, mechanical and system design are described to illustrate the state of development of molecular microanalysis. Applications of infrared microspectroscopy are reviewed by Messerschmidt and Harthcock.Infrared spectral analysis of microscopic samples is not a new idea, it dates back to 1949, with the first commercial instrument being offered by Perkin-Elmer Co. Inc. in 1953. These early efforts showed promise but failed the test of practically. It was not until the advances in computer science were applied did infrared microspectroscopy emerge as a useful technique. Microscopes designed as accessories for Fourier transform infrared spectrometers have been commercially available since 1983. These accessory microscopes provide the best means for analytical spectroscopists to analyze microscopic samples, while not interfering with the FT-IR spectrometer’s normal functions.

World Economic Crisis and Scenarios of Post-crisis Development: Marxist Analysis

2009 ◽  
pp. 119-132
Author(s):  
A. Buzgalin ◽  
A. Kolganov
Keyword(s):  
State Regulation ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Late Capitalism ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
Marxist Analysis ◽  
World Economic ◽  
First World ◽  
World Economic Crisis

Implications of the modern Marxist theory create the opportunity to show the inevitability, the reasons and the main features of the first world crisis of the XXI century. It has been generated by deregulation of economy, which caused the ‘classical’ crisis of overproduction, and by the new contradictions of late capitalism, in particular, by persistent over-accumulation of capital and by the excessive development of the transactional sector, of the fictitious financial capital and its isolation from the real sector. Marxist analysis of social interests and contradictions shows that anti-crisis measures require not only increasing of state regulation, but also determining on behalf of whom and in the interests of what social groups this regulation will be realized. The authors propose to do this on behalf of the financial capital and in the interests of citizens, but also formulate the neoconservative scenario of post-crisis development.

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