scholarly journals Prophets and Profits: Gendered and Generational Visions of Wealth and Value in Senegalese Murid Households1

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Anne Buggenhagen
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Trade Networks ◽  
Neoliberal Reform ◽  
Social Fact ◽  
Male Migrant ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sufi Order

AbstractThis paper analyzes the disjuncture between the projected prosperity of male migrant traders of the Murid Sufi order and the actual ability of these traders to maintain the social relations that engender wealth. I focus on an exchange of bridewealth that ultimately resulted in a collapsed marriage to show how households are made and unmade across time and space by diasporic practices. I aim to show how two decades of neoliberal reform in Senegal have had unintended consequences for the prospects of social production. The movement of male traders into transnational trade networks to shore up a stagnant local economy and to reproduce the social and moral order has unanticipated consequences for women's authority. Women claim male earnings not only to run the household, but also to finance the family ceremonies-baptisms, marriages and funerals-and the social payments that accompany these occasions. Women also seek commodities obtained through male trade to exchange in life-cycle rituals. For women, foreign commodities, rather than undermining the production of blood ties, are the very means of making those ties a social fact. In Murid families, the rejuvenation of domestic rituals through access to male earnings abroad sets in motion the production of women-headed households and ultimately of lineages.

Managing the Emotions of Competition and Recognition in Academia

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 113-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Sociology Of Science ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Academic Departments ◽  
Emotional Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Emotional Dimensions

In the sociology of science, social relations have been discussed in terms of competition and recognition. The purpose of this chapter is to enlarge our understanding of the social relations of Academia by incorporating the emotional dimensions of these relations into our discussion. To this purpose the results of an empirical study of emotions and emotional culture in Academia is presented. These results are based on analytical distinctions between the structural conditions of emotions, the emotional culture of Academia, lived or felt emotions and the management of emotions. Within this analytical framework different ways of managing the emotions of uncertainty, shame, anger and pride are identified and presented. It is shown how these feelings emerged from the structural conditions of the social relations and it is shown how persons try to manage the mentioned emotions according to the tacit rules of feelings of Academia. The study shows how these emotions are managed according to the representative feelings of Academia. It is also shown, however, how these emotions and their management relate to damaged social bonds. These unintended consequences of the emotions and the emotional culture of Academia are interpreted as emotional fuel to the prevalent basic moods of academic departments and their research environment.

scholarly journals Marxist psychology: a research paradigm whose time has come

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elhammoumi
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Creative Force ◽  
Psychological Functions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Stock Of Knowledge

This paper seeks to retrieve Marx's ideas about the development of psychology. It offers historical perspectives on different attempts to create a Marxist psychology that shed light on its scope and trajectory. According to Marx, concrete social and material real life play a key role in the development of human psychological functions. Later, Vygotsky, Wallon, Politzer, Leontiev, Luria, Sève among others built on Marx's ideas. These psychologists suggested that individual psychological functions are formed and shaped in concrete, cultural, social, historical circumstances, and pictured an organizing, creative force driving individual activity (instead of behavior). Marxist psychology is the study of the social individual within social relations of production. In a Marxist sense, the emphasis is placed on production, both material and social as the essence of social relations. Hence, psychology cannot be dealt with in an abstract, private and individual manner as the capitalist mode of production would want, but must be seen in terms of the social individual that is formed, structured, and shaped within the social relations of a production framework. In this context, the social production of the individual (as developed in Marx's Die Grundrisse) signifies social relations between people connected with concrete common real social conditions and material production. Production, both social and material, is the totality of social relations. In the process of production, social individuals act not only upon nature but also upon one another, they enter into a definite rich web of connections and relations to one another. Marx's writings encompassed the fields of psychology and made a substantial contribution to the stock of knowledge about human nature processes. Marx never wrote a full-length treatise on psychology, though his own work is the outstanding example of psychological conceptualizations. This paper stresses the decisive relevance of Marx's psychological conceptions for a paradigm shift whose time has come.

Southeast Asian Trajectories of Labour Mobility: Precarity, Translocality, and Resilience

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Tappe ◽  
Minh T.N. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Trade Networks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Citizenship Regimes

AbstractWithin and across Southeast Asian national borders, there has been a growing circulation of labour, capital, people, and goods. Meanwhile, urbanisation, agrarian changes, and liberal economic restructuring have been drawing a large section of the rural population into mobile economies and trade networks. This special issue explores the linkage between mobility and the growing precaritisation of labour resulting from neoliberalised development policies, nationalist citizenship regimes, and discourses, and arbitrary state power. Arguably, the consequent insecurity and uncertainty have profound implications for the social and economic life of migrant labourers. Although these conditions engender dangers and risks, they also hold possibilities for crafting translocal livelihoods and social relations. In this introduction, we investigate the diverse trajectories of labour migration in Southeast Asia through a critical discussion on the concept of ‘precarity’ that underscores the resilience of labour migrants despite the precarious conditions of their lives. The special issue suggests that, while precarious labour has long been part of regimes of control and exploitation in the region, precarity today is shaped by the blurry boundaries between the legal and the illegal, between local and global lives, and between different worlds of belonging.

The production of space at Nineveh

Iraq ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Lumsden
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Production Of Space ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Spatial Production ◽  
The Social ◽  
Objectively Measured

Space, or spatiality, has generally been relegated to the background by historians and social scientists (Soja 1989). The Cartesian worldview demands a separation between thinking and the material world, between mind and matter. In this view space is seen simply as something that can be objectively measured, an absolute, a passive container (Merrifield 1993: 518).An alternative view, propounded mainly by postmodern geographers, regards space as a “medium rather than a container for action”, something that is involved in action and cannot be divided from it (Tilley 1994: 10). Space is not an empty, passive container, but an active process that is both constituted and constitutive (Merrifield 1993: 521). So, in this view the social, historical, and the spatial are interwoven dimensions of life (Soja 1999: 263–4). History and society are not understood if space is omitted; there is, in fact, no unspatialised social reality (Soja 1989: 131–7; 1996: 46, 70–6).The philosopher Henri Lefebvre's concept of the social production of space plays an important part in this latter view of the active role of space in social processes. Lefebvre criticises the notion that space is transparent, neutral and passive, and formulates in its place an active, operational and instrumental notion of space (Lefebvre 1991: 11). He argues that it is the spatial production process that should be the object of interest rather than “things” in space, and that space is both a medium of social relations and a material product that can affect social relations (Lefebvre 1991: 36–7; Gottdiener 1993).

scholarly journals Do trabalho à memória: um ensaio sobre a identidade dos mineradores e o processo de patrimonialização da mina Brejuí em Currais Novos/RN

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ângela Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Theme Park ◽  
Urban Center ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rural World ◽  
The City

A Mina Brejuí, situada no município de Currais Novos (RN), foi responsável pelo crescimento da economia local entre os anos de 1943 de 1990, atraindo uma mão de obra de mineradores para o núcleo urbano. Após o fim da extração da scheelita, a mina foi transformada em um “Parque Temático”, em 2004. A empresa imprimiu sua marca na cidade com a construção de monumentos que fazem referencia à atividade mineira e ao seu fundador Tomaz Salustino. No script da história oficial da Mina Brejuí, a figura do “patrão” se sobrepõe à dos trabalhadores e as formas de patronagem, oriundas do mundo rural, seguiram pontuando as relações sociais na mina. Convém então coletar as memórias dos mineradores e perguntar em que medida eles fazem referencia a esta história como integrantes. Hoje, com a retomada da atividade, é possível que renasça o desejo de fortalecimento da classe operária e da identidade mineira no sertão do Seridó. Palavras-chaves: Memória. Identidade. Identidade Mineira. Patrimônio.From labour to legacy: a study on the identity of the miners and the patrimonialization of the mina Brejuí in Currais Novos/RNAbstractThe Brejuí Mine, situated in the municipality of Currais Novos (RN), was responsible for the local economy growth between the years of 1943 and 1990, causing the interest of miner's working class to its urban center. After the end of scheelita extraction, the mine became a "theme park", in 2004. The company left its mark on the city by building several monuments in reference to the mining activity and the company's founder, Tomaz Salustino. In the script of the official history of the Brejuí Mine, the "boss" figure overlaps the workers and that the forms patronage, originated from the rural world, followed punctuating the social relations in the mine. Therefore, it is important to investigate the miner’s memories and ask in what extent to which workers make reference to this history as members. Today, with the resumption of the mining activity, it is possible that the strengthening of the working class and the Seridó miner identity desire reborn.Keyword: Memory. Identity. Mining Identity. Patrimony. 

scholarly journals Pasar Tradsional Busalangga Sebagai Representasi Kebertahanan Ekonomi Lokal Masyarakat Rote Ndao, Nusa

HUMANIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Zaith Hatta Dani ◽  
A.A Ayu Murniasih ◽  
Aliffiati .
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
North West ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Traditional Market

Traditional markets are generally muddy, dirty, and physical conditions are the same, like traditional markets on Rote Ndao island, there are 24 traditional markets. The Busalangga traditional market is located in North West Rote and is open on Wednesday and Saturday. Busalangga traditional market is the center of the economy in Rote Ndao. The Busalangga traditional market is not only the center of economic activity, but also describes the social relations of the Rote Ndao community. With this the formulation of the problem in this study is (a) how is the local economy of the Rote Ndao community in the Busalangga traditional market (b) why is the Busalangga traditional market as a representation of the survival of the local economy. The theory used in this research is Serge Moscovici representation theory and network theory from Van Zanden which examines the depiction of the local economy and the network in the Busalangga traditional market. The concept used by researchers in this study is representation, survival, local economy, traditional market, and the community of Rote Ndao. This research is an ethnographic research with a qualitative approach accompanied by data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and literature studies. The results of this study show that the traditional market of Busalangga can meet the needs of society both economically, socially and culturally. The traditional market of Busalangga is the place for the local economy to be formed from a network. The Busalangga traditional market can survive through its local economic role in forming these networks, so that they can be consumed by the Rote Ndao people. Because of that, the local economy in the Busalangga traditional market can survive and exist in the Rote Ndao community.

scholarly journals Relational Versus Relationist Sociology: A New Paradigm in the Social Sciences

Stan Rzeczy ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 15-66
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Donati
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Relational Sociology ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
General Outline ◽  
Social Agents ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Social Fact ◽  
The Social ◽  
In The Beginning

The paper presents a general outline of the author’s relational sociology, showing it to be different from other relational sociologies, which are, in fact, figurational, transactional, or purely communicative. Relational sociology is conceived as a way of observing and thinking that starts from the assumption that the problems of society are generated by social relations and aims to understand, and if possible, solve them, not purely on the basis of individual or voluntary actions, nor conversely, purely through collective or structural ones, but via new configurations of social relations. The social is relational in essence. Social facts can be understood and explained by assuming that “in the beginning (of any social fact there) is the relation.”Ultimately, this approach points to the possibility of highlighting thoserelational processes that can better realize the humanity of social agents and give them, as relational subjects, the opportunity to achieve a good life in a society that is becoming increasingly complex as the processes of globalization proceed.

scholarly journals Intercountry adoption and the social production of abandonment

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riitta Högbacka
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
South African ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Intercountry Adoption ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Birth Mothers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global North ◽  
North And South ◽  
Adoption System

Although the objective of intercountry adoption is to provide parentless children with families, it also has other unintended consequences. Postcolonial theorists have shown that the intercountry adoption system is shaped by unequal power relations between the Global North and South. Drawing on interviews with South African adoption social workers and birth mothers, this article shifts attention from Global North perspectives to those of the Global South. By focusing on the circumstances of how children become available for adoption, some of the ways in which the adoption system participates in creating the pool of ‘abandoned’ children are explicated.

scholarly journals Camaraderie, mentorship, and manhood: Contemporary Indigenous identities among the A’uwẽ (Xavante) of Central Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Rites Of Passage ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Shared Experience ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Shared Purpose ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common

Rites of passage and associated social processes and morphologies can foster a sense of shared purpose, fraternity, and dedication to community through the common experiences of group trials and commitment. A’uwẽ (Xavante) age organization entails the social production of manhood through a privileged form of male camaraderie constructed through age sets and mentorship, rooted in the shared experience of rites of passage and coresidence in the pre-initiate boys’ house. This process is central to how A’uwẽ men understand themselves, their social relations with certain delineated segments of society, and their ethnic identity. It is a basic social configuration contributing to the maintenance of A’uwẽ social and ethnic belonging in contemporary times. Ethnography of Amazonia should expand its reach to consider the contributions of age organization and ritualized camaraderie to social and ethnic identity.

Beyond ‘Mouridcentrism’

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-199
Author(s):  
Rita Sobczyk ◽  
Rosa Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Lived Religion ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Sufi Order

This paper applies a ‘lived religion’ perspective to analyze how Islam is defined, practised and experienced by Senegalese migrants in Spain. The study enters into a dialogue with the existing scholarship on religion in the context of Senegalese mobility which, to a great extent, has been centred on the Mouride brotherhood. It adds to the general debate on how to analyze ‘lived religion’ by challenging the conceptualization of religion as organizational belonging. It is argued that in migration studies ‘Mouridcentrism’ has contributed to the partial invisibility of the social relations and networks formed outside this Sufi order. The findings show that interconnections among Senegalese frequently play a more significant role than brotherhood affiliation in shaping relations on a micro-level. Religion emerges as a vehicle which frequently serves to reaffirm these community dynamics influencing socio-cultural, economic and political aspects of migrants’ everyday experience.

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