Zapisnaia kniga (Donation Records) of Volokolamsk Monastery, for 1550-1607

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 106-147
Author(s):  
Tom Dykstra
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Broad Cross Section ◽  
Parish Priests

Early modern Russian monasteries kept detailed records of donations by laity and by the monks themselves from before and after their tonsure. Gifts large enough to endow annual celebrations were generally recorded in the vkladnaia kniga (endowment donation book) and the kormovaia kniga (book of feasts), while smaller donations were recorded in the zapisnaia kniga (note book). The zapisnaia kniga translated here includes donations made over more than half a century to the Iosifo-Volokolamsk monastery, one of the largest in Russia in the sixteenth century. The donors form a broad cross-section of Russian society -- peasants and princes, men and women, parish priests and archbishops. The records provide detailed evidence of the material culture of their time, since donations were mostly in-kind. And the information they provide calls into question preconceived notions about how closely social class and wealth were tied together in Russia in this period.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Early Modern History ◽  
History Of Collecting ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Renaissance

This chapter explores the material culture of everyday life in late-Renaissance Paris by setting L’Estoile’s diaries and after-death inventory against a sample of the inventories of thirty-nine of his colleagues. L’Estoile and his family lived embedded in the society of royal office-holders and negotiated their place in its hierarchy with mixed success. His home was cramped and his wardrobe rather shabby. The paintings he displayed in the reception rooms reveal his iconoclastic attitude to the visual, contrasting with the overwhelming number of Catholic devotional pictures displayed by his colleagues. Yet the collection he stored in his study and cabinet made him stand out in his milieu as a distinguished curieux. It deserves a place in the early modern history of collecting, as his example reveals that the civil wars might be a stimulus as much as a disruption to collecting in sixteenth-century France.

Street “Luxuries”

2020 ◽  
pp. 413-433
Author(s):  
Melissa Calaresu
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Social Distinction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Early Modern Rome ◽  
The City

The history of eating on the street presents particular challenges as the extant material culture is especially limited. This chapter reveals the variety of food sold on the streets of early modern Rome through the study of a series of images of street sellers printed in the late sixteenth century in response to the growing ethnographic interest of travelers to the city. This chapter turns on its head what was considered a luxury in the early modern economy as these images suggest the range of foodstuffs which cannot be simply understood as daily necessities to meet the basic nutritional needs of the city’s inhabitants such as raw cooking materials or hot fast food. Instead, these images suggest that labor-saving products such as hulled rice or even products such as sweetmeats, which were normally associated with the work of the steward of an aristocratic house and the elite “dressing” of the table, were being sold on the streets. Therefore, despite the inherent ephemerality of the act of selling and eating food and the lack of surviving material culture, these images reveal the complexity of determining social distinction through food choices in early modern Rome.

scholarly journals The Gulper and the Slurper: A Lexicon of Mistakes to Avoid While Eating with Ottoman Gentlemen

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-62
Author(s):  
Helen Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Partial Solution ◽  
The Self

Abstract This article examines the material culture and social etiquette of elite dining in the early modern Ottoman Empire. The challenges of eating with others were numerous, as the sixteenth-century Damascene scholar Badr al-Din al-Ghazzi (d. 1577) showed in painful and hilarious ways in his treatise entitled Table Manners (Adab al-Muʾakala). One set of problems stemmed from the objects structuring the meal, especially the relative dearth of crockery and cutlery. Far from making dining experiences simpler and more straightforward, as scholars have sometimes suggested, this necessitated greater cooperation between diners and made them vulnerable to individual misbehavior. Another set of problems arose from the material qualities of food, where sources of pleasure, handled poorly, could easily trigger disgust. The self-discipline that Ghazzi promoted in his manual offered a partial solution to these difficulties, but not a solution equally available to all.

The Krajina Project: Exploring the Ottoman–Hapsburg Borderland

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD CARLTON ◽  
ALAN RUSHWORTH
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
High Water ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
High Water Mark ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries

This chapter summarises the results of the Krajina Project, which was established in 1998 to investigate the archaeological remains, material culture and continuing ethnographic legacy of this distinctive late medieval/early modern frontier society. The project has focused on an area in the north-west corner of Bosnia-Herzegovina, between Kladuŝa and Bihać, known as the Bihaćka Krajina. This was one of the last districts in the region to be conquered by the Ottoman state, not falling to the sultan's forces until the late sixteenth century — a territorial high water mark. The ethnographic evidence provides significant insights into the continuing legacy of the Ottoman-Hapsburg frontier in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Thirty-six Chansons by French Provincial Composers (1529–1550)

10.31022/r038 ◽  
1981 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Broad Cross Section

This collection of four- and five-voice works presents a broad cross section of pieces in the chanson style that developed outside of Paris during the second quarter of the sixteenth century. It contains a variety of works by seventeen provincial masters, thus considerably expanding the basis for study of the chanson of this period.

Bibles in the Hands of Readers: Dutch, English, French, and Italian Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Thomas Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
Early Modern Europe ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Modern Europe ◽  
Biblical Texts

Abstract Vernacular Bibles and biblical texts were among the most circulated and most read books in late medieval and early modern Europe, both in manuscript and print. Vernacular scripture circulated throughout Europe in different ways and to different extents before and after the Reformation. In spite of the differences in language, centers of publication, and confessional orientation, there was nonetheless considerable collaboration and common ground. This collection of essays explores the readership of Dutch, English, French, and Italian biblical and devotional texts, focusing in particular on the relationships between the texts and paratexts of biblical texts, the records of ownership, and the marks and annotations of biblical readers. Evidence from early modern biblical texts and their users of all sorts – scholars, clerics, priests, laborers, artisans, and anonymous men and women, Protestant and Catholic – sheds light on how owners and readers used the biblical text.

Gender and emotions in the visual and intellectual imagination

2018 ◽  
pp. 178-220
Author(s):  
Laura Kounine
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Profile Changes ◽  
The Witch ◽  
Large Groups

This chapter examines representations of the witch in the visual and intellectual imagination. Early sixteenth-century images show witches as female and eroticized. Yet by the seventeenth century, these ‘typical’ representations break down, and visual depictions include large groups of men and women. As the gendered profile changes, so do the emotions depicted: from female lust to collective debauchery, from envy to fear. We witness the same ambiguity in depictions of the witch in early modern intellectual thought. Focusing on Nicolas Remy’s Daemonolatria (1595), this chapter shows that intellectual thought could conceptualize both male and female witches, which challenges the idea that witches were women, because of their heightened emotions and their increased vulnerability to the Devil’s temptations. Instead, witchcraft could be understood through the lens of a violent Devil, who, driven by jealousy and anger, subjugated both men and women through force.

Royal Jewelry Exchange in Sixteenth Century Anglo-Scottish Politics

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-82
Author(s):  
Cassandra Auble
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Political Relationships ◽  
Scottish Politics ◽  
Construct Meaning

This paper explores how Mary, Queen of Scots and Elizabeth i utilized jewelry in political settings to construct meaning, represent themselves, and negotiate personal and political relationships. Studying the complexities of jewelry’s exchange and circulation between the courts of England and Scotland provides a more nuanced picture of early modern diplomacy and material culture. Jewelry provided a valuable resource from which rulers and diplomats regularly drew when framing their political discourse. Jewels used in diplomacy were as politically meaningful as the gestures and rituals of formal diplomatic audiences and domestic ceremonies. As an object of exchange with a variety of functions, jewelry was absorbent of meaning and memories. Thus, jewelry could forge bonds between those who exchanged it, and also bring about hostilities and complications.

The Descrittione dell’India occidentale, a Sixteenth-Century Source on the Italian Reception of Mesoamerican Material Culture

Ethnohistory ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Domenici
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
The Subject

Summary This article discusses the Descrittione dell’India occidentale, a neglected Italian sixteenth-century anonymous and undated text that describes a set of Mesoamerican artifacts brought from Mexico to Italy by an anonymous priest. The text contains data on Mesoamerican material culture, on its Italian reception, and on its contribution to the formation of an early modern corpus of ethnographic knowledge. Herein I provide an analysis of the text, revealing its connections to other sixteenth-century texts and proposing hypotheses on its date and place of publication as well as on the identity of the author and of the priest whose arrival in Italy is the subject of the text. In the concluding section, I discuss some research lines that can be tackled on the basis of the Descrittione dell’India occidentale.

scholarly journals INTERCONFESSIONAL INTERACTIONS ON THE TERRITORIES OF UKRAINE IN THE FIRST HALF OF XVI CENTURY AND THEIR EFFECTS ON EDUCATION AND CULTURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Ruslana Mnozhynska
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
State Building ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Religious Culture ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Catholic Faith ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Ideology

The article examines the spiritual and religious culture of Ukraine in the first half of the sixteenth century, which is one of the most interesting and poorly researched topics in the history of cultural development of Ukraine. It was during this period that the foundations were laid for the formation of early-modern national thought in its various ways - rationalistic and mystical; Renaissance-humanist and reformist ideas were formed, which later functioned and developed within the boundaries of Ukrainian Baroque culture. There is still an opinion that among the main Christian denominations in Ukraine - Orthodox, Catholic, Protestant and Uniate - national, state-building has always been and is still only Orthodox. As for the “Catholic movement” - Ukrainians of the Catholic faith, almost nothing is known about them in the general public. Meanwhile, from the point of view of national ideology, the "Catholic Rus" for the culture of Ukrainian did, probably, not less than the Greek Catholics or the Orthodox, and could produce no less than the cultural forces for both the Ukrainian material culture and the spiritual.

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