A New Perspective on the Relationships between Individual Factors and Time Estimates

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bisson ◽  
Simon Grondin
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Research Field ◽  
New Method ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Time Estimate ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
New Perspective

Despite its abundant literature, the timing research field does not offer any comparison of prospective and retrospective time estimates emerging from a within-subjects design. Likewise, the relationships between these estimates and individual factors, within such a design, have never been investigated. The present study addresses these issues. Ninety-two participants retrospectively and prospectively estimated the duration of an Internet surfing task and completed several questionnaires (e.g., personality). Results showed that (a) prospective time estimates were longer than retrospective ones for only 58% of the participants and (b) the relationships between individual factors and time estimates differed as a function of the fact that a participant had or not a longer prospective time estimate. The discussion explains the methodological, theoretical and practical impacts emerging from this new method for studying the relationships between individual factors and time estimates in daily life-like situations.

Reasoning: Source of Variability in the Boothroyd and Dewhurst Assembly Time Estimation Method

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam Namouz ◽  
Joshua D. Summers ◽  
Gregory M. Mocko
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Students ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Time Estimate ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Assembly Time ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Initial Results

This paper evaluates the effect of making a subjective decision in a design for assembly time analysis. An example is found in the first set of questions for estimating handling time of a part the user chose “parts are easy to grasp and manipulate” as opposed to “parts present handling difficulties”. The subjectivity is explored through a study of assembly time estimates generated by a class of mechanical engineering students in the time analysis of a clicker pen based on the Boothroyd and Dewhurst estimation method. The assembly times calculated by the class ranged from a minimum of 23.64 seconds to a maximum of 44.89 seconds (range of 21.25 seconds). This large range in results serves as motivation in determining the effect that answering a subjective decision has on the resulting assembly time estimate. Initial results indicate that not answering the first level of subjective questions will result in assembly time estimate within 15% of the time had the subjective question been answered. The probability density plots of the time estimates also indicates that 63% of the time, the estimated assembly time without making the subjective decision will fall within the normal distribution had the subjective decision been made. This provides evidence that there is an opportunity to reduce the amount of subjective questions that a user must answer to estimate the assembly time of a product.

scholarly journals Research journey of respirasome

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 318-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wu ◽  
Jinke Gu ◽  
Shuai Zong ◽  
Runyu Guo ◽  
Tianya Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Inner Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Macroscopic Scale ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
High Resolution Structure ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Resolution Structure

AbstractRespirasome, as a vital part of the oxidative phosphorylation system, undertakes the task of transferring electrons from the electron donors to oxygen and produces a proton concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane through the coupled translocation of protons. Copious research has been carried out on this lynchpin of respiration. From the discovery of individual respiratory complexes to the report of the high-resolution structure of mammalian respiratory supercomplex I1III2IV1, scientists have gradually uncovered the mysterious veil of the electron transport chain (ETC). With the discovery of the mammalian respiratory mega complex I2III2IV2, a new perspective emerges in the research field of the ETC. Behind these advances glitters the light of the revolution in both theory and technology. Here, we give a short review about how scientists ‘see’ the structure and the mechanism of respirasome from the macroscopic scale to the atomic scale during the past decades.

scholarly journals Orientation Identification of the Black Phosphorus with Different Thickness Based on B2g Mode Using a Micro-Raman Spectroscope under a Nonanalyzer Configuration

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 5572
Author(s):  
Rubing Li ◽  
Yongchao Shang ◽  
Huadan Xing ◽  
Xiaojie Wang ◽  
Mingyuan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Black Phosphorus ◽  
New Method ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Crystalline Orientation ◽  
Parallel Polarization ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Different Thickness

As an anisotropic material, the unique optoelectronic properties of black phosphorus are obviously anisotropic. Therefore, non-destructive and fast identification of its crystalline orientation is an important condition for its application in optoelectronics research field. Identifying the crystalline orientation of black phosphorus through Ag1 and Ag2 modes under the parallel polarization has high requirements on the Raman system, while in the nonanalyzer configuration, the crystalline orientation of the thick black phosphorus may not be identified through Ag1 and Ag2 modes. This work proposes a new method to identify the crystalline orientation of black phosphorus of different thicknesses. This method is conducted under the nonanalyzer configuration by B2g mode. The results show that B2g mode has a good consistency in the identification of crystalline orientations. In this paper, a theoretical model is established to study the angle-resolved Raman results of B2g mode. The new method can accurately identify the crystalline orientation with different layers of black phosphorus without misidentification.

scholarly journals A New Method for Reducing Collapsibility of Loess Foundation with Thicker Deposit: The Borehole Preimmersion Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Bin Zhi ◽  
Xiaochan Wang ◽  
Pingping Wei ◽  
Zengyue Li ◽  
Pan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
New Method ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Injection Hole ◽  
Total Water Consumption ◽  
New Perspective

At present, there are some key issues in the traditional preimmersion method for reducing the collapsibility of the loess ground, such as the difficulty in determining the total water consumption and the long immersion time. In response to these issues, a new method, the borehole preimmersion method, is presented, and a specific theoretical design model is proposed for application in projects. The method is specifically discussed from a new perspective, and the diffusion mechanism and evolution law of water in the ground are presented in detail through theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, respectively. The water diffusion is a mushroom-type form for a single water injection hole immersed in water. A calculation model derived for a single water injection hole or a group of water injection holes based on the research results is used to calculate the volumes of soaked loess and the total water consumption. Through an in situ immersion test, the treatment effect of this method is evaluated to verify the rationality of the method and the theoretical calculation model proposed in this study, which provides a new method and theoretical framework for effectively reducing the collapsibility of the loess ground.

scholarly journals An Approach to Computing Multipoint Inversion and Multiray Surface Intersection on Parametric Surface

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Pei Jingyu ◽  
Wang Xiaoping ◽  
Zhang Leen
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Iteration Process ◽  
Newton Iteration ◽  
Research Field ◽  
New Method ◽  
Parametric Surface ◽  
Surface Intersection ◽  
Arbitrary Precision ◽  
Main Ideas

This article presents a method for multipoint inversion and multiray surface intersection problem on the parametric surface. By combining tracing along the surface and classical Newton iteration, it can solve point inversion and ray-surface intersection issues concerning a large number of points or rays in a stable and high-speed way. What is more, the computation result can approximate to exact solutions with arbitrary precision because of the self-correction of Newton-Raphson iteration. The main ideas are adopting a scheme tracing along the surface to obtain a good initial point, which is close to the desired point with any prescribed precision, and conducting Newton iteration process with the point as a start point to compute desired parameters. The new method enhances greatly iterative convergence rate compared with traditional Newton’s iteration related methods. In addition, it has a better performance than traditional methods, especially in dealing with multipoint inversion and multiray surface intersection problems. The result shows that the new method is superior to them in both speed and stability and can be widely applied to industrial and research field related to CAD and CG.

A Method for Eliciting the Support Needs from People with Early-Stage Dementia for Maintaining Social Living

2011 ◽  
pp. 344-355
Author(s):  
Hirotoshi Yamamoto ◽  
Yasuyoshi Yokokohji ◽  
Hajime Takechi
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
New Method ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Technological Research ◽  
Person Centered Care ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Visual Materials

In the area of welfare engineering, various technological research and developmental efforts have been made to support people with dementia. However, it is not clear if these efforts are based on the real needs of these people. When providing support to people with dementia, it is essential to know exactly what their needs are. Nevertheless, it is not easy to obtain appropriate answers from these people by simply asking “How can we help you?” In addition, it is unlikely that answers from those people will cover all of their support needs. In this chapter, a new method based on the “Person-Centered Care” concept is proposed for eliciting the support needs from, and determining their priorities for people with early-stage dementia who are eager to maintain their social living despite coping with various difficulties. First, all of the actual and potential tasks of social living in their daily life are determined. Support needs are then extracted systematically from those tasks by paying attention to what factors are bothering these people or are confusing to them rather than directly asking the individuals what type of support they want or need. Finally, the support needs are prioritized by taking the degree of the individuals’ confusion and task frequency into consideration. When interviewing people with dementia, special care must be taken to ensure that the individuals who have memory impairment are not overburdened . In the proposed method, visual materials such as cards and boards with illustrations are utilized so that people with dementia can answer questions more easily. Some interviews were conducted based on the proposed method to confirm that support needs can be determined systematically from people with early-stage dementia.

Afterword: From Catholic Modernity to Religious Modernities

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 508-543
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Carroll ◽  
Staf Hellemans
Keyword(s):  
Research Field ◽  
The Other ◽  
Grand Strategy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Religion And Theology ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Religion And Modernity ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In a time when the two major strategies followed by Christian religious traditions in modernity have lost traction—Christendom and subcultural isolation on the one hand and liberal and socialist assimilation with modernity on the other hand—Charles Taylor’s Catholic modernity idea opens up a “third grand strategy,” a new perspective on the relationship between religion and modernity. Moreover, the perspective can be put to use in other religious traditions as well. We will, hence, argue for the extension from a Catholic modernity to a religious modernities perspective. With the help of the arguments and suggestions as well as the critiques put forward by Taylor and the other authors in this volume Modernity and Transcendence, we will chart some of the main axes of this vast research field: (1) the clarification of Catholic/religious modernity; (2) the generalization of the Catholic modernity idea into a religious modernities perspective; (3) the invention of an inspiring, post-Christendom Christianity/post-fusional religion and theology; (4) the issue of religious engagement in our time—what Taylor calls “the Ricci project”; (5 and 6) the need for encompassing theories of modernity and religion (transcendence).

Assembly Quality Methodology: A New Method for Evaluating Assembly Complexity in Globally Distributed Manufacturing

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Shibata ◽  
Brent Cheldelin ◽  
Kosuke Ishii
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Distributed Manufacturing ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Assembly Quality ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Assembly Tasks ◽  
Globally Distributed

As suggested by several past studies (Barkan and Hinckley, 1993; Eking, 1988; Gebala, 1992; Beiter et al., 2000; Shibata et al., 2001), complexity in the assembly process has a strong correlation with the occurrence of defects. The authors propose a new method that uses a product’s complexity to predict defect rate (Shibata et al., 2001 and 2003). This method provides metrics for assembly complexity using two engineering measures: 1) assembly time estimates and 2) ease-of-assembly ratings. Extensive field data for consumer audio equipment assembled at various manufacturing sites around the world provide the means to validate the proposed metrics. A new process-based complexity factor uses a “time standard” defined for a set of assembly tasks. Predicted defect rates, based on this process complexity, exhibit a significant correlation with actual defect data. Another factor, the design-based complexity factor, uses the “Design for Assembly” method for evaluating an assembly and allows the user to predict defect sources not captured by the process-based complexity factor. Combining these complexity factors not only improves prediction accuracy but also provides guidelines for improving the original design concept as well as each process step. The authors conclude with an example of implementing the Assembly Quality Methodology using the new complexity factors for globally distributed manufacturing.

scholarly journals Interfacial waveforms in chiral lattices with gyroscopic spinners

2018 ◽  
Vol 474 (2215) ◽  
pp. 20180132 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Garau ◽  
G. Carta ◽  
M. J. Nieves ◽  
I. S. Jones ◽  
N. V. Movchan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triangular Lattice ◽  
Hexagonal Lattice ◽  
New Method ◽  
Limit Case ◽  
Periodic Media ◽  
Hexagonal System ◽  
Topological Features ◽  
New Perspective

We demonstrate a new method of achieving topologically protected states in an elastic hexagonal system of trusses by attaching gyroscopic spinners, which bring chirality to the system. Dispersive features of this medium are investigated in detail, and it is shown that one can manipulate the locations of stop-bands and Dirac points by tuning the parameters of the spinners. We show that, in the proximity of such points, uni-directional interfacial waveforms can be created in an inhomogeneous lattice and the direction of such waveforms can be controlled. The effect of inserting additional soft internal links into the system, which is thus transformed into a heterogeneous triangular lattice, is also investigated, as the hexagonal lattice represents the limit case of the heterogeneous triangular lattice with soft links. This work introduces a new perspective in the design of periodic media possessing non-trivial topological features.

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