scholarly journals Social and Psychological Factors in Thai Student’s Code-Switching

MANUSYA ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-83
Author(s):  
Sumittra Suraratdecha
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Audience Design ◽  
Social Variable ◽  
Code Choice ◽  
Thai Students ◽  
Thai English ◽  
Accommodation Theory ◽  
The University ◽  
Design Factors

This paper examines Thai-English code-switching by eight Thai students at the University of Hawaii at Manoa by taking into account Bell’s audience design factors (Bell 1984), speech accommodation theory (Giles & Smith 1979; Giles & Coupland 1991 ), and other psychosocial factors. Code-switching is defined here as an alternation between one language and another made by a speaker within a sentence, sentences, or a conversation. This paper proposes that code-switching is essentially an accommodative phenomenon; that is, speakers will switch into one language if they think it is appropriate to the topic or to their notions of self and addressee. Conversely, some speakers appear to actively resist code-switching, depending on their evaluation of their own linguistic skills and their perceptions of others. By bringing together observations about who favors code-switching and who resists it, the topic of conversation, among other factors, emerges as the most important social variable across individuals. The result runs counter to the audience design model proposed by Bell (1984), who claims that audience design factors are more influential than non-audience design factors in bilingual code choice.

Language style as audience design

1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Bell
Keyword(s):  
Mass Communication ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Ethnography Of Communication ◽  
Audience Design ◽  
Sociolinguistic Variation ◽  
Language Style ◽  
Accommodation Theory ◽  
Absent Reference

ABSTRACTThe style dimension of language variation has not been adequately explained in sociolinguistic theory. Stylistic or intraspeaker variation derives from and mirrors interspeaker variation. Style is essentially speakers' response to their audience. In audience design, speakers accommodate primarily to their addressee. Third persons – auditors and overhearers – affect style to a lesser but regular degree. Audience design also accounts for bilingual or bidialectal code choices. Nonaudience factors like topic and setting derive their effect by association with addressee types. These style shifts are mainly responsive – caused by a situational change. Speakers can also use style as initiative, to redefine the existing situation. Initiative style is primarily referee design: divergence from the addressee and towards an absent reference group. Referee design is especially prevalent in mass communication. (Sociolinguistic variation, code-switching. bilingualism, accommodation theory, ethnography of communication, mass communication)

The Effect of Consumer-Activated Mind-Set and Product Involvement on the Compliance With Recommender System Advice

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110315
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aljukhadar ◽  
Sylvain Senecal
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Implicit Theory ◽  
Social Approval ◽  
Product Involvement ◽  
Performance Goal ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Advice Taking ◽  
Mind Set ◽  
Design Factors

Whereas the research gauging the effectiveness of e-commerce recommender systems (RS) has depended on their design factors, recent work proposes a key role for consumer’s psychological factors. Involvement should reduce the compliance with RS advice because a consumer highly involved with the product perceives high choice risk and assigns low value to the advice. However, a consumer’s activated mind-set captured by implicit theory (fixed vs. growth mind-set) should also shape compliance. It is hypothesized that the two factors interact to jointly mitigate advice taking. Specifically, consumers whose fixed mind-set is primed comply with the RS advice less often when involvement is high. This and other anticipated effects (i.e., consumer’s importance of social approval, positive affect, and need for cognition) on advice compliance are tested in an experiment on 251 Canadian adults. In the experiment, compliance occurred when the participant follows the RS advice, and product involvement was initially measured. The results show that priming a fixed mind-set, which orients shoppers toward a performance goal, motivates them to comply with the RS advice when involvement is low. Priming a growth mind-set, which orients shoppers toward a learning goal, nullifies such effect. Positive affect and the importance of social approval had no significant impact on advice taking. Therefore, the effect of involvement on RS effectiveness is contingent on the shopper’s accessible mind-set.

scholarly journals Impact of Religious Self-Identification and Church Attendance on Social Distance toward Muslims

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Krunoslav Malenica ◽  
Vlaho Kovačević ◽  
Goran Kardum
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Religious Context ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

In the context of our work, we want to point out how religion has multiple social functions and as such, under certain circumstances, can serve as a fertile soil for distance and closeness. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of religious self-identification and church attendance on social distance toward Muslims. We applied a questionnaire to students of the University of Split, the city which is geographically in vicinity of the complex of ethnic and religious context of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results showed that religious self-identification and church attendance significantly influence the level of social distance toward Muslims. Believers showed a significantly higher level of social distance, in comparison to respondents who belong but not believe, and others. Respondents who attend church daily or once a week have also a higher level of social distance in comparison to respondents who attend church monthly or rarely and those who never attend church. We have tried to explain the reasons for such research findings, relying on various national, cultural, religious and psychological factors that have been present in the last twenty years after the war in this region.

Cross-Cultural Comparison of Motivation among Selected Samples of Elementary Education Majors in the United States and Thailand

1977 ◽  
Vol 44 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1148-1150
Author(s):  
William F. White ◽  
Aree Rungsinan
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
The United States ◽  
Education Majors ◽  
Elementary Education Majors ◽  
University Of Georgia ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Thai Students ◽  
Differential Type ◽  
The University

At the University of Bangkok, Thailand, 100 female education majors completed a semantic differential type scale of 10 concepts written in Thai language. That instrument, in English translation, was presented to 100 randomly selected education majors at the University of Georgia. Semantic differential responses by each group were factor analyzed by the principal components solution. Comparisons were made between the Thai students and the American students on feelings of value, power, and activity toward each of the 10 concepts.

scholarly journals A study on online shopping vs offline shopping with reference to the students of the Department of Commerce and Management Studies, Andhra University,Visakhapatnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Lakshmipriyanka A ◽  
Harihararao M
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Affecting Factor ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Online Purchases ◽  
The People ◽  
The University

The Aim of this research is to study the factors affecting the consumer behavior in the path of offline to online shopping. To this end, a survey was conducted and the questionnaires were distributed among the students of the university. The replies have been analyzed by chart analysis. The results of the survey has shown that most of the people already doing online shopping and prefer to continue it.the factors such as psychological factors, social factors emotional factors, and the privacy factors which affect the buyer approaches to online purchases. Several attitudes of consumers toward online shopping are not in rest in the study due to the study restricted to Andhra university-Commerce and management Time, the convenience and the recommendations have been identified as important factors. Time was considered to be the affecting factor for the majority of students. Most of the consumers hesitate not to do shopping offline, because of the time concern.

scholarly journals Code-switching between Arabic and English during Jordanian GP consultations

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-22
Author(s):  
Etaf Alkhlaifat ◽  
◽  
Ping Yang ◽  
Mohamed Moustakim ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Code Switching ◽  
Communication Accommodation ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
Communication Accommodation Theory ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
Speech Styles ◽  
Medical Consultations ◽  
Social Motivations ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Accommodation Theory

This study draws conceptually on communication accommodation theory (CAT) to describe and analyze conversations between doctors and patients to identify the psycholinguistic and social motivations for code-switching (CS) between English and Arabic languages during medical consultations in Jordan. The researchers employ a thematic qualitative approach to interpret the phenomena under study. GP doctors (n=9) and patients (n=18) were observed and video-recorded in real medical settings and subsequently interviewed. This generated a comprehensive audio and videotaped corpus of data, which revealed that doctors and patients used code-switching during the medical consultation for two main reasons: 1) filling lexical gaps and 2) accommodating the other party. Jordanian bilingual doctors code-switched from English to Arabic and from Arabic to English to bridge lexical gaps, while both doctors and patients adapted their speech styles for the purpose of convergence. This study is significant as it investigates and examines the phenomenon of code-switching among Jordanian doctors and patients from psycholinguistic and social perspectives to gain a clearly defined sociolinguistic explanation of code-switching phenomena during their clinical interaction.

scholarly journals CODE-SWITCHING AND CODE-MIXING PRACTICES IN ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES (ESP) COURSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Liza Putri ◽  
Herly Nurrahmi ◽  
Akhmad Guntawan
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
English For Specific Purposes ◽  
Medium Of Instruction ◽  
Language Practice ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Code Choice ◽  
Actual Use

This study focuses on the practices of the ESP (English for Spesific Purposes) lecturer and students toward code-switching and code-mixing (CS/CM) in the class activity. The study used descriptive qualitative method in the research. In collecting the data, the researcher shared some questionnaires and did interviews and observation. It provides the clear findings of the actual implementation of the institutional language policy on the medium of instruction in the classroom. CS/CM in both Indonesian and English languages emerged as the lecturer’s code choice in the classroom instruction. Such language practice seems not to only have undermined the role of English as the stipulated medium of instruction, but also underestimated the speech behaviour of bilinguals. It causes the conflict between the language policy and the actual use of English and Indonesian in the classroom.

scholarly journals Students’ Attitudes to Teachers’ Code -Switching at Undergraduate Level in Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol II (I) ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Summaira Aziz ◽  
Fasih Ahmed ◽  
Momel Shehnaz
Keyword(s):  
Code Switching ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Academic Goals ◽  
Communication Accommodation ◽  
Undergraduate Level ◽  
Communication Accommodation Theory ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Accommodation Theory

The study investigates attitudes of social and natural science students towards the practice of code switching by respective teachers at undergraduate level. For this purpose, Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) is applied. An adapted questionnaire of El-Fiki (1999) focused the advantages, disadvantages and CS practice as a helping tool in teaching methodology. The statistical results show a variation in the students’ attitudes based on gender, program and academic background. Furthermore, the results show that the students favor CS as it enhances the comprehension level of the students regarding the subject, they are enrolled in. The study concludes that teachers’ codeswitching proves helpful in achieving the academic goals.

Code Choice, Place and Identity in Egypt: Evidence from Two Novels

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem Bassiouney
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Place Identity ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
British Occupation ◽  
Code Choice ◽  
Colloquial Arabic ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Place And Identity

This article, written by Reem Bassiouney, examines the relationship between place, identity and language in two Egyptian novels: Qindīl Umm Hāshim (The Saint’s Lamp) by Yaḥyā Ḥaqqī (1944) and Awrāq al-narjis (Leaves of Narcissus) by Sumayyah Ramaḍān (2001). Both novels address questions of identity in Egypt, during and following the British occupation of the country. In the first novel, the protagonist studied in the UK and returned to Egypt during the British occupation, while in the second the protagonist studied in Ireland and returned to Egypt some fifty years after the period of British colonisation ended. Perceptively and convincingly, Bassiouney analyses the role of code choice – between Modern Standard Arabic and Egyptian Colloquial Arabic – in the two novels. Corresponding with Suleiman’s extensive work on code-switching in Middle Eastern communities, Bassiouney argues that the authors use code-switching in order to reflect the protagonists’ stance towards the self, towards others and towards place. She highlights that in matter of fact, code-switching in the two novels does not reflect real patterns of language use, rather redefines and reconstructs different stances held by the authors towards their protagonists.

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