scholarly journals A revision of the genus Menonvillea (Cremolobeae, Brassicaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Leonel Salariato ◽  
Fernando Omar Zuloaga ◽  
Ihsan Ali Al-Shehbaz
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Specific Rank

Following the most recent phylogenetic analyses of Menonvillea, an updated taxonomic revision of the genus based on molecular and morphological data is presented here. Menonvillea currently includes 24 species distributed in Argentina and Chile. Three new sections, sects. Cuneata, Menonvillea, and Scapigera, are proposed. One subspecies is raised to the specific rank, and the new combination M. marticorenae is proposed. Descriptions, keys to all taxa, updated geographical distributions, maps, and illustrations are provided. Lectotypes for M. filifolia, M. minima, M. purpurea, and M. flexuosa f. tomentosa are designated.

scholarly journals Disentangling relationships among eastern Mediterranean Cymbalaria including description of a novel species from the southern Peloponnese (Greece)

2021 ◽  
Vol 307 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pau Carnicero ◽  
Núria Garcia-Jacas ◽  
Llorenç Sáez ◽  
Theophanis Constantinidis ◽  
Mercè Galbany-Casals
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Aegean Islands ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

AbstractThe eastern Mediterranean basin hosts a remarkably high plant diversity. Historical connections between currently isolated areas across the Aegean region and long-distance dispersal events have been invoked to explain current distribution patterns of species. According to most recent treatments, at least two Cymbalaria species occur in this area, Cymbalaria microcalyx and C. longipes. The former comprises several intraspecific taxa, treated at different ranks by different authors based on morphological data, evidencing the need of a taxonomic revision. Additionally, some populations of C. microcalyx show exclusive morphological characters that do not match any described taxon. Here, we aim to shed light on the systematics of eastern Mediterranean Cymbalaria and to propose a classification informed by various sources of evidence. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses using ITS, 3’ETS, ndhF and rpl32-trnL sequences and estimated the ploidy level of some taxa performing relative genome size measures. Molecular data combined with morphology support the division of traditionally delimited C. microcalyx into C. acutiloba, C. microcalyx and C. minor, corresponding to well-delimited nrDNA lineages. Furthermore, we propose to combine C. microcalyx subsp. paradoxa at the species level. A group of specimens previously thought to belong to Cymbalaria microcalyx constitute a well-defined phylogenetic and morphological entity and are described here as a new species, Cymbalaria spetae. Cymbalaria longipes is non-monophyletic, but characterized by being glabrous and diploid, unlike other eastern species. The nrDNA data suggest at least two dispersals from the mainland to the Aegean Islands, potentially facilitated by marine regressions.

Taxonomic revision and phylogeny of the ant genus Prenolepis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4200 (2) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
JASON L. WILLIAMS ◽  
JOHN S. LAPOLLA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Combination ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Morphological Diagnosis ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
Inference Methods ◽  
Worker Caste

The formicine ant genus Prenolepis is here revised for the first time. Thirteen extant species are recognized of which four are described as new. A key for the worker caste is provided, and the worker of each species is imaged, with males and queens imaged in species where they are known. Worker-based characters were used to construct a species-level phylogeny of Prenolepis. Both maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods were used for the phylogenetic analyses. A morphological diagnosis for the genus is provided, with a discussion of useful morphological characters for separating Prenolepis from other genera in the Prenolepis genus-group. Major taxonomic changes are proposed. The new species are: P. darlena, P. fustinoda, P. mediops, and P. shanialena. Prenolepis jerdoni subopaca is elevated to full species. Three species are excluded from Prenolepis and transferred to Nylanderia and Paratrechina as new combinations: N. emmae, N. flaviabdominis, and P. umbra. Two species are excluded from Paratrechina and transferred to Nylanderia and Paraparatrechina as new combinations: N. guanyin and P. kongming. One species, Z. darlingtoni, is excluded from Nylanderia and transferred to Zatania as a new combination. Several synonyms are proposed: Prenolepis sphingthoraxa = Nylanderia flaviabdominis; P. imparis arizonica, P. imparis colimana, P. imparis coloradensis, and P. imparis veracruzensis = P. imparis; P. melanogaster carinifrons and P. nigriflagella = P. melanogaster; P. longiventris and P. magnocula = P. naoroji; and P. septemdenta = Nylanderia opisopthalmia. 

Taxonomic placement of Tanaecium mutabile (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) based on new morphological data and phylogenetic analyses

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 438 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-300
Author(s):  
ANNELISE FRAZÃO ◽  
LÚCIA G. LOHMANN
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

During ongoing taxonomic studies with Tanaecium, we identified some morphological disparities between Tanaecium mutabile and the remaining species of the genus. Here, we reconstruct a molecular phylogeny of Tanaecium based on two molecular markers (i.e., the chloroplast ndhF and the nuclear pepC), and a broad sampling of members of the Arrabidaea and allies clade, where Tanaecium is included. In the newly constructed phylogeny, T. mutabile is nested within Fridericia, indicating the need for taxonomic arrangements. These findings are further supported by new morphological data (e.g., venation angle, domatia type, and corolla curvature). Based on these results, we formally transfer T. mutabile into Fridericia, and propose the necessary new combination. We further designate a new lectotype for Arrabidaea muehlbergiana, a synonym of T. mutabile. Morphological comparisons between T. mutabile and other morphologically similar species are presented.

A cybertaxonomic revision of the new dung beetle tribe Parachoriini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) and its phylogenetic assessment using molecular and morphological data

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4329 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGEI TARASOV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Tribal Classification ◽  
New Tribe ◽  
The Stability ◽  
New Synonymy

Two Oriental dung beetle genera: Parachorius Harold, 1873 and Cassolus Sharp, 1875 have long had an ambiguous tribal position in Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), but have never been considered as closely related. A recently discovered species representing the morphological link between the two genera gave a hint to their possible close affiliation. To assess phylogenetic and taxonomic placement of these genera, I conducted phylogenetic analyses of global dung beetle samples using morphological (134 taxa, 232 characters) and molecular (551 terminals, 8 gene regions) data. Both morphological and molecular analyses strongly support the monophyly of Parachorius + Cassolus. This leads to the synonymy of Parachorius with Cassolus new synonymy, and resulted in the new generic concept for Parachorius. The isolated phylogenetic position of Parachorius and its morphological distinctiveness from all other known Scarabaeinae tribes suggest recognition of a new tribe, Parachoriini new tribe, to maintain the stability of tribal classification in dung beetles. Investigation of old and recent material of Parachorius revealed a large number of undescribed species and the need for a taxonomic revision of this genus. The revision of Parachorius, powered by the 3i cybertaxonomic tool, is presented in this study. The revised Parachorius is comprised of 19 species from the Oriental and southeastern Palaearctic Regions, of which seven are newly described (P. asymmetricus new species, P. bolavensis new species, P. longipenis new species, P. newthayerae new species, P. pseudojavanus new species, P. schuelkei new species, and P. solodovnikovi new species). Three species names in Parachorius are synonymized, namely, P. fungorum Kryzhanovsky & Medvedev, 1966 = P. krali Utsunomiya & Masumoto, 2001 new synonymy; P. thomsoni Harold, 1873 = P. lannathai Hanboonsong & Masumoto, 2001 new synonymy; and P. peninsularis (Arrow, 1907) = C. pongchaii Masumoto, 2001 new synonymy. Two species originally described in Cassolus (C. sumatranus and C. minutus) are transferred to the genus Panelus Lewis, 1895. The rank of the genus Macropanelus is lowered to a subgenus within Panelus (i.e. Panelus (Macropanelus) new status). 

Taxonomic revision of Carex chungii (Cyperaceae; sect. Mitratae) and allied species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 317 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
XIAO-FENG JIN
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Entire Range ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Specific Rank

In this paper, Carex chungii and other five names at species rank, plus one variety and one form, all from of C. sect. Mitratae, were revised. They constitute a group of morphologically very similar taxa, difficult to tell apart. Our study was based on literature survey, fieldwork, herbarium specimens, statistical analysis of morphological characters and SEM observations of achenes and perigynia. Analysis of morphological data of 94 individuals from eleven populations using principal component analysis (PCA) revealed five clusters, which we consequently considered to correspond to five species. The achenes of Carex genkaiensis were strikingly different from all the other species regarding achene apex contracted into a 0.2–0.5 mm long neck-like appendage (vs. into a discoid-annulate style-base), as well as its perigynium indumentum (pubescent vs. sparsely pubescent). Carex anhuiensis, C. xuanchengensis and C. truncatirostris f. erostris are all synonymized to C. truncatirostris. The previously recognized Carex kamagariensis from Japan is synonymized to C. chungii. Carex chungii var. rigida is recognized as specific rank and the new name C. nanpingensis is proposed. Our study is the first effort to address the taxonomy of this complicate group as a whole in its entire range.

Taxonomic revision of Australasian snow hebes (Veronica, Plantaginaceae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi M. Meudt
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Capsule Size ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Data

The snow hebes, formerly comprising the genus Chionohebe, are here included within Veronica (Plantaginaceae). The five species (including two subspecies) of snow hebes recognised here are cushions or subshrubs that occur exclusively in high-elevation habitats of Australia and the South Island of New Zealand. Species delimitation among the cushion snow hebes is very difficult because of the reduced pulvinate habit, solitary flowers and few gross-morphological characters useful for identification. To address species limits, investigate intraspecific patterns and revise the taxonomy of the snow hebes, morphological analyses were conducted and the results compared with previously published molecular phylogenetic data. Ordination and clustering analyses of morphological data showed some taxonomic structuring; however, species clusters were not widely separated from one another. Morphological and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) data show that the cushion species are clearly distinguished from the subshrub species, V. densifolia (F.Muell.) F.Muell. Among the four cushion species (V. chionohebe Garn.-Jones, V. ciliolata (Hook.f.) Cheeseman, V. pulvinaris (Hook.f.) Cheeseman, V. thomsonii (Buchanan) Cheeseman), the distribution of leaf trichomes is important for species identification, particularly when used in conjunction with ovary vestiture, capsule size, and/or seed size. One new combination V. ciliolata subsp. fiordensis (Ashwin) Meudt is proposed, and V. uniflora Kirk is treated as a naturally occurring hybrid V. × uniflora (V. densifolia × V. thomsonii). Complete synonymies, descriptions, illustrations and range maps are provided for each species, as well as a key to all species and a discussion of putative hybrids.

scholarly journals Revision and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Genus Phonoctonus Stål, 1853 (Heteroptera, Reduviidae, Harpactorinae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1100
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bugaj-Nawrocka ◽  
Dominik Chłond
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Afrotropical Region

This paper presents a taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of nine known species of the genus Phonoctonus Stål, 1853, distributed exclusively in the Afrotropical region. The revision and phylogenetic analysis were performed using morphological data. A full redescription for all species is provided, taxonomical problems are clarified, and diagnostic characters are presented and illustrated. Based on the analysis, thirteen species are recognised as valid: Phonoctonus bifasciatus stat. nov., P. caesar, P. elegans, P. fairmairei stat. nov., P. fasciatus, P. grandis, P. immitis stat. rev., P. luridus, P. lutescens, P. nigrofasciatus stat. rev., P. picta stat. nov., P. picturatus stat. rev., and P. principalis. New synonymies are proposed: Phonoctonus nigrofasciatus= P. fasciatus var. poultoni syn. nov., P. picturatus = P. fasciatus var. discalis syn. nov., and P. principalis = P. validus syn. nov. An identification key to separate the species, drawings of dorsal habitus, and distribution maps of all valid species are presented. Performed morphological phylogenetic analyses indicate monophyly of the genus Phonoctonus.

Molecular and morphological phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision of the genus Orleanesia (Laeliinae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 392 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
GABRIEL F. GONÇALVES ◽  
ANNA VICTORIA S. R. MAUAD ◽  
GIULIANA TAQUES ◽  
ERIC C. SMIDT ◽  
FÁBIO DE BARROS
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Nuclear Its

In order to evaluate the monophyly of the genus Orleanesia (Orchidaceae) and to assess its position within Laeliinae, a phylogenetic analysis was performed using molecular (nuclear ITS and plastid matK DNA sequences) and morphological data. A taxonomic revision of Orleanesia was also performed, with a description of the genus and its species using fresh living plants and 115 exsiccates from 31 herbaria. All phylogenetic analyses were highly congruent, and thus the sequence data from all three data sets were combined. The resulting phylogeny corroborated the monophyly of Orleanesia, with two strongly supported clades, and confirmed Caularthron as its sister group. Character analysis was not very informative due to a high degree of homoplasy. Two lectotypifications and three new synonyms were proposed for the genus, thereby reducing the number of accepted species to six. Although none of the species of Orleanesia are considered endangered, it is clear that some populations are threatened with deforestation and habitat reduction.

scholarly journals Taxonomic Composition of Iris Subser. Chrysographes (Iridaceae) Inferred from Chloroplast DNA and Morphological Analyses

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2232
Author(s):  
Eugeny V. Boltenkov ◽  
Elena V. Artyukova ◽  
Anna Trias-Blasi
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Central China ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Distribution Ranges

The species of Iris subser. Chrysographes are herbaceous perennials found mainly in southwestern and central China and also in the Eastern Himalayas. To date, six species have been recognized in this group. In the framework of its taxonomic revision, we have carried out molecular and morphological studies. For this, we have sequenced four chloroplast DNA regions (trnS–trnG, trnL–trnF, rps4–trnSGGA, and psbA–trnH) for 25 samples across the major distribution ranges of the six species. Our phylogenetic analyses evidence that I. subser. Chrysographes is indeed a monophyletic group, which is sister to I. subser. Sibiricae. Within I. subser. Chrysographes, we have recovered four divergent lineages further supported by diagnosable morphological traits and geographical distributions. In this context, our data confirm the recognition of I. clarkei, I. delavayi, and I. wilsonii in their traditional concepts. Furthermore, both molecular and morphological data support the close affinities and similar distribution ranges of I. bulleyana, I. chrysographes, and I. forrestii, which suggests including I. chrysographes and I. forrestii as color forms in I. bulleyana. A revised taxonomic treatment for the group, including the notes on the species distributions and habitats, and also an identification key to the species are provided.

scholarly journals An integrative taxonomic revision of slug-eating snakes (Squamata: Pareidae: Pareineae) reveals unprecedented diversity in Indochina

PeerJ ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e12713
Author(s):  
Nikolay A. Poyarkov ◽  
Tan Van Nguyen ◽  
Parinya Pawangkhanant ◽  
Platon V. Yushchenko ◽  
Peter Brakels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Early Oligocene ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Colonization Hypothesis ◽  
High Level

Slug-eating snakes of the subfamily Pareinae are an insufficiently studied group of snakes specialized in feeding on terrestrial mollusks. Currently Pareinae encompass three genera with 34 species distributed across the Oriental biogeographic region. Despite the recent significant progress in understanding of Pareinae diversity, the subfamily remains taxonomically challenging. Here we present an updated phylogeny of the subfamily with a comprehensive taxon sampling including 30 currently recognized Pareinae species and several previously unknown candidate species and lineages. Phylogenetic analyses of mtDNA and nuDNA data supported the monophyly of the three genera Asthenodipsas, Aplopeltura, and Pareas. Within both Asthenodipsas and Pareas our analyses recovered deep differentiation with each genus being represented by two morphologically diagnosable clades, which we treat as subgenera. We further apply an integrative taxonomic approach, including analyses of molecular and morphological data, along with examination of available type materials, to address the longstanding taxonomic questions of the subgenus Pareas, and reveal the high level of hidden diversity of these snakes in Indochina. We restrict the distribution of P. carinatus to southern Southeast Asia, and recognize two subspecies within it, including one new subspecies proposed for the populations from Thailand and Myanmar. We further revalidate P. berdmorei, synonymize P. menglaensis with P. berdmorei, and recognize three subspecies within this taxon, including the new subspecies erected for the populations from Laos and Vietnam. Furthermore, we describe two new species of Pareas from Vietnam: one belonging to the P. carinatus group from southern Vietnam, and a new member of the P. nuchalis group from the central Vietnam. We provide new data on P. temporalis, and report on a significant range extension for P. nuchalis. Our phylogeny, along with molecular clock and ancestral area analyses, reveal a complex diversification pattern of Pareinae involving a high degree of sympatry of widespread and endemic species. Our analyses support the “upstream” colonization hypothesis and, thus, the Pareinae appears to have originated in Sundaland during the middle Eocene and then colonized mainland Asia in early Oligocene. Sundaland and Eastern Indochina appear to have played the key roles as the centers of Pareinae diversification. Our results reveal that both vicariance and dispersal are responsible for current distribution patterns of Pareinae, with tectonic movements, orogeny and paleoclimatic shifts being the probable drivers of diversification. Our study brings the total number of Pareidae species to 41 and further highlights the importance of comprehensive taxonomic revisions not only for the better understanding of biodiversity and its evolution, but also for the elaboration of adequate conservation actions.

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