scholarly journals An annotated checklist of the psyllids of California (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3193 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIANA M. PERCY ◽  
ALESSANDRA RUNG ◽  
MARK S. HODDLE
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
North America ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Annotated Checklist ◽  
Key Words Biogeography

A revised checklist to the species of Psylloidea (Hemiptera) from California is presented, with information on host plantdata, distributions, introduced and pest species, parasites, parasitoids, and predators, and biological control programs. Thelist includes 164 species, of which six are newly recorded. In total, this comprises a 26% increase in the number of speciesrecorded for California since the last published checklist in 1988. Choricymoza Bliven is a new synonym of PhylloplectaRiley, and 10 species previously in Euphalerus Schwarz are recombined under Nyctiphalerus Bliven. California has therichest native psyllid fauna in North America, and the influence of climatic and floristic diversity on this diversificationis considered. Key words: biogeography, host plant, jumping plant lice, species diversity, pest species.

CRITERIA FOR SELECTING CHRYSOPA CARNEA BIOTYPES FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL: ADULT DIETARY REQUIREMENTS

1975 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice J. Tauber ◽  
Catherine A. Tauber
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
The West ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Preoviposition Period ◽  
Chrysopa Carnea ◽  
Control Adult ◽  
Agricultural Areas

AbstractBased on our studies with 10 geographic populations of Chrysopa carnea, we recommend that biological control programs involving this predator use "pure" carnea stock originating from eastern and midwestern North America. Of the two strains (races or biotypes) of C. carnea—carnea and mohave—carnea is the superior choice for biological control on commercial crops in both eastern and western North America because (1) its preoviposition period is approximately one-half as long as mohave’s, (2) unlike mohave adults, neither sex of the carnea strain requires prey for successful mating and initiating oviposition, (3) carnea’s oviposition can be enhanced in the field by applying currently available food sprays, and (4) carnea is efficient to mass-rear on a commercial basis.The “pure” mohave race is restricted to limited areas on the west coast. This race, which can enter a food-mediated summer diapause, is more suitable for biological control on the west coast in non-agricultural situations dominated by native vegetation, where prey occurrence is highly variable during summer.Most west coast populations in agricultural areas are composed of intermediates between the carnea and mohave races. F1 hybrids produced by crossing individuals from mohave, carnea, and intermediate populations, show predominantly carnea characteristics, and inheritance of the distinguishing biological traits appears to be controlled by polygenes.

scholarly journals Ichneumonids (Hymenoptera) and Tachinid Flies (Diptera) Associated to Leptidopterans in Soybean Crops

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Massarolli ◽  
Ana Regina Lucena Hoffmann ◽  
Bruna Magda Favetti ◽  
Alessandra Regina Butnariu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
New Species ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Lepidopteran Pest

Studies on natural enemies are important to find new species and to develop management strategies to preserve them to help control pests in biological control programs. For the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, which comprises the Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal biomes, few studies have been conducted on the diversity of these parasitoids, possible endemic and/or new species, as well as their potential as natural enemies. Thus, the present study was aimed at describing the diversity of parasitoids of the families Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) and Tachinidae (Diptera) associated with pest lepidopterans in soybean crops. Weekly sampling of pest lepidopterans was carried out during four soybean seasons (2009/2010, 2010/2011, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013). Parasitoid larvae were observed in the main lepidopteran pest species of soybean during the four soybean seasons. Three genera of the Ichneumonidae family, belonging to the genera Microcharops Roman, Ophionellus Westwood, and Podogaster Brullé. Six genera of the Tachinidae family occur in the state of Mato Grosso in soybean fields. The following genera were recorded: Archytas spp. Jaennicke, Phorocera spp. Robineau-Desvoidy, Gymnocarcelia spp. Townsend, Lespesia spp. Robineau-Desvoidy, Eucelatoria spp. Townsend, Chetogena spp. Rondani. These parasitoids were found parasitizing caterpillars of the Noctuidae (Lepidoptera), in species that had not yet been reported as hosts for the Neotropical region. Further studies are needed on the beneficial entomofauna and their preservation in agricultural environments.

Biogeographic relationships between the macrofungi of temperate eastern Asia and eastern North America

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 2108-2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuxin Wu ◽  
Gregory M. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Key Words ◽  
North American ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Key Words Biogeography

Eastern North America and temperate eastern Asia reportedly share a relatively high number of taxa of macrofungi (mushrooms and relatives), including a number of taxa that have putative eastern North America – temperate eastern Asia disjunct distributions. These reports have been used to imply an affinity between the mycota (fungal equivalent of flora and fauna) of the two regions. To date, however, this affinity has not been examined in detail. A comparison of north temperate macrofungal mycotas was undertaken to examine the similarity between these regions. We used two methods in this study: (i) direct comparison of taxon lists and (ii) calculation of the Simpson Coefficient of similarity from lists of selected taxa. These analyses were based on field work, herbarium records, and published taxonomic treatments for Amanita, Lactarius, Ramaria, and Boletaceae. Results of these analyses document that taxonomic similarity between eastern North America and temperate eastern Asia mycotas can be quite high. In all cases, the calculated similarity values for eastern North America – temperate eastern Asia comparisons are higher than those between either region of North America and Europe or between western North America and eastern Asia. Furthermore, the eastern North American and temperate eastern Asian disjunct distributions of macrofungi are usually limited to the level of species or lower. Key words: biogeography, China, disjunct distribution, macrofungi, North America, Simpson Coefficient.

Current status of invasive alien birch-leafmining sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in Canada, with keys to species

2009 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott C. Digweed ◽  
Chris J.K. MacQuarrie ◽  
David W. Langor ◽  
Daryl J.M. Williams ◽  
John R. Spence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Profenusa Thomsoni

AbstractIn the 20th century, five species of birch-leafmining sawflies were inadvertently introduced from Europe to North America: Heterarthrus nemoratus (Fallén), Fenusa pumila Leach, Profenusa thomsoni (Konow), Fenusella nana (Klug), and Scolioneura vicina Konow. All have been recorded at outbreak levels in North America, and three (F. pumila, P. thomsoni, and H. nemoratus) have been the targets of successful biological control programs. The most recently detected species, F. nana and S. vicina, are good candidates for future biological control in Canada. We review the biology of all five of these birch-leafmining sawflies in North America and present keys to adults, larvae, and mines to aid correct identification.

Yellow Brazilian Pepper-tree Leaf Galler (suggested common name) Calophya latiforceps Burckhardt (Insecta: Hemiptera: Calophyidae: Calophyinae)

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Cuda ◽  
Patricia Prade ◽  
Carey R. Minteer-Killian
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Pepper Tree ◽  
Brazilian Pepper ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Tree Leaf

In the late 1970s, Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), was targeted for classical biological control in Florida because its invasive properties (see Host Plants) are consistent with escape from natural enemies (Williams 1954), and there are no native Schinus spp. in North America. The lack of native close relatives should minimize the risk of damage to non-target plants from introduced biological control agents (Pemberton 2000). [...]

Carabidae (Coleoptera) in Nova Scotia, Canada wild blueberry fields: prospects for biological control

2012 ◽  
Vol 144 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C. Cutler ◽  
J.M. Renkema ◽  
C.G. Majka ◽  
J.M. Sproule
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Conservation Biological Control ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Wild Blueberry

AbstractThe Carabidae (Coleoptera) are a diverse family of beetles with almost 300 species identified in Nova Scotia, Canada. Carabid beetle communities have been studied in several agricultural systems, but not wild blueberries, an important crop in eastern Canada. In the interest of potentially developing conservation biological control programs in wild blueberry, we collected Carabidae in crop (fruit-bearing) and sprout (vegetative) blueberry fields in Nova Scotia in order to assess species diversity and abundance over space and time. Over 3200 specimens were collected, representing 51 species. A large portion of collected specimens (39%) were nonnative, and the most abundant species were generally predacious and synanthropic. Species diversity tended to be higher near forest edges than further into fields, but not for all abundant species. Several of the most prominent predators showed significant differences in preference of crop versus sprout fields, distribution throughout fields, and seasonable abundance. These findings have implications for conservation biological control efforts with carabid beetles against several insect pests in wild blueberry.

A new synonym of Ptilagrostis yadongensis and a new record of Stipa bhutanica to the flora of China (Poaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 272 (1) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHONG-SHUAI ZHANG ◽  
XIANG-YUN ZHU ◽  
LING-LU LI ◽  
SHAN-WEN JIANG ◽  
WEN-LI CHEN
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
New Record ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Chinese Journal ◽  
Grass Family ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Flora Of China ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽  
Small Genus

Ptilagrostis Grisebach (1852: 447) is a small genus of the grass family, including approximately 11 species (Wu & Phillips 2006, Barkworth 2007). It occurs in both Asia and North America with about eight species distributed in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, its diversity center. Ptilagrostis yadongensis Keng & Tang (1985: 44) is one of the species that occurs in this region, which was described based on materials from Yadong, China, the southern slope of Himalayas. The paper was published in a Chinese journal, viz. Journal of Southwest Agriculural University, and had not been noticed until 2005 (Peterson et al. 2005, Wu & Phillips 2006). The author pointed out that P. yadongensis is distinguished from its morphological close, Ptilagrostis concinna (Hooker 1897: 230) Roshevitz (1934: 75) by linear panicles with fewer spikelets, longer and unequal glumes, and shorter and glabrous anthers.

On the Baeocera Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scaphidiinae) of Sabah, Malaysia, and a tale on mystified biodiversity

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-42
Author(s):  
IVAN LÖBL ◽  
ALEŠ SMETANA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Biodiversity Study ◽  
First Time

Quantitative attemps to assess species diversity in the absence of a robust taxonomy are questioned. In addition, the sampling methods may be a major source of uncertainty, as illustrated in a commented biodiversity study of the Coleoptera of Sabah. The Sabah members of the staphylinid genus Baeocera Erichson are reviewed and keyed, the following new species are described: B. omnigena Löbl sp. nov., B. rudis Löbl sp. nov., B. secreta Löbl sp. nov., B. sedata Löbl sp. nov., B. segregata Löbl sp. nov., B. seiugata Löbl sp. nov., B. semirufa Löbl sp. nov. Baeocera barbara Löbl, B. obliqua (Löbl), B. rufula (Löbl) and B. serendibensis (Löbl) are reported for the first time from Malaysia, B. doriae (Pic) and B. sarawakensis Löbl are new to Sabah and B. kinabalua Löbl is new to Sarawak. Key words: biodiversity, trends, taxonomy, insects, shining fungus beetles, Borneo

Crop damage increases with pest species diversity: evidence from potato tuber moths in the tropical Andes

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1115-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Dangles ◽  
Verónica Mesías ◽  
Verónica Crespo-Perez ◽  
Jean-François Silvain
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Tropical Andes
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