11. The Simplified Sign System Lexicon

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-1034
Author(s):  
John D. Bonvillian ◽  
Nicole Kissane Lee ◽  
Tracy T. Dooley ◽  
Filip T. Loncke
Keyword(s):  
Memory Aids ◽  
Sign System ◽  
Vocabulary Item ◽  
Idiomatic Phrase ◽  
Short Memory ◽  
Movement Parameters ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Written Description

Chapter 11 contains the first one thousand signs of the Simplified Sign System lexicon, alphabetized by each sign’s main gloss. Each entry in the lexicon includes a hand-drawn illustration of how that sign is formed, a listing of any synonyms or antonyms related to that sign, and a written description of how the sign is formed (i.e., the handshape(s), palm orientation(s), finger/knuckle orientation(s), location, and movement parameters of the sign). Also provided are a short memory aid to help learners remember the sign’s formation and a longer memory aid that describes the visual and iconic link between how the sign is physically formed and the meaning it conveys. Many of the longer memory aids also include a definition of the main gloss and some of that sign’s synonyms. If users of the system wish to look up a particular vocabulary item, term, or idiomatic phrase, an alphabetized Sign Index that integrates all of the main sign glosses with all of their listed synonyms and antonyms is provided at the end of the volume. This Sign Index directs readers to the page that contains the main sign entry, its written description, and its memory aids.

10. Introduction to the Simplified Sign System

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
John D. Bonvillian ◽  
Nicole Kissane Lee ◽  
Tracy T. Dooley ◽  
Filip T. Loncke
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Memory Aids ◽  
Sign System ◽  
Natural Variations ◽  
Written Descriptions ◽  
Supporting Materials ◽  
Written Description

Chapter 10 provides an introduction to the organization of the Simplified Sign System lexicon and its supporting materials. This chapter explains the various conventions used in the sign illustrations so that learners can accurately interpret the drawings, including the numbering of initial, intermediate, and final positions; the size, shape, and repetition of arrows, quotes, and other marks that depict the sign’s movement; and the provision of facial expressions on signs that convey emotional information. Drawings and expanded written descriptions of the handshapes used in the Simplified Sign System are provided, along with information on how prevalent each handshape is in the system and a sampling of the particular meanings that a handshape can convey within the system. Drawings and written descriptions of the various palm orientations and finger/knuckle orientations used in the system are provided as well so that family members, educators, and other professionals will be able to accurately interpret each sign’s written description. Also discussed in this chapter are the memory aids provided with each sign, natural variations in sign formation and production that are to be expected, as well as what to do if a sign learner has functional use of only one hand and arm.

8. Development of the Simplified Sign System

2020 ◽  
pp. 281-310
Author(s):  
John D. Bonvillian ◽  
Nicole Kissane Lee ◽  
Tracy T. Dooley ◽  
Filip T. Loncke
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Sign Languages ◽  
Memory Aids ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
Sign System ◽  
Deaf Parents ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Students With Autism ◽  
Initial Results

Chapter 8 provides background information on the development of the Simplified Sign System. These steps are included so that investigators may replicate research findings and/or develop additional signs for their own sign-intervention programs. The authors first discuss efforts to find highly iconic or representative gestures in the dictionaries of various sign languages and sign systems from around the world. If necessary, signs were then modified to make them easier to produce based on the results of prior studies of signing errors made by students with autism, the sign-learning children of Deaf parents, and undergraduate students unfamiliar with any sign language. These potential signs were then tested with different undergraduate students to determine whether the signs were sufficiently memorable and accurately formed. Signs that did not meet criterion were either dropped from the system or subsequently modified and re-tested. Initial results from comparison studies between Simplified Signs and ASL signs and between Simplified Signs and Amer-Ind signs are presented as well. Finally, feedback from users influenced the course of the project. Memory aids were developed, especially for those persons who have less familiarity with sign languages, to help explain the ties between each sign and its referent in case that relationship is not readily or immediately apparent to a potential learner.

The New Antialcohol Network

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-146
Author(s):  
Anna L. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Alcohol Problem ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
Definition Of

In the mid-2000s a new small but influential anti-alcohol movement emerged: an alliance of key members of a civil society elite including the Russian Orthodox Church, Public Chamber and public health professionals. Chapter 11 shows how this new elite was able to seize cultural authority over the definition of the “alcohol problem”, and thus set the anti-alcohol agenda where previous attempts by public health lobbyists had failed.

Signal Recovery

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J Marks II
Keyword(s):  
Interpolation Problem ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Sampling Theorem ◽  
Signal Recovery ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Bandlimited Signals ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Extrapolation Problem ◽  
Definition Of

The literature on the recovery of signals and images is vast (e.g., [23, 110, 112, 257, 391, 439, 791, 795, 933, 934, 937, 945, 956, 1104, 1324, 1494, 1495, 1551]). In this Chapter, the specific problem of recovering lost signal intervals from the remaining known portion of the signal is considered. Signal recovery is also a topic of Chapter 11 on POCS. To this point, sampling has been discrete. Bandlimited signals, we will show, can also be recovered from continuous samples. Our definition of continuous sampling is best presented by illustration.Asignal, f (t), is shown in Figure 10.1a, along with some possible continuous samples. Regaining f (t) from knowledge of ge(t) = f (t)Π(t/T) in Figure 10.1b is the extrapolation problem which has applications in a number of fields. In optics, for example, extrapolation in the frequency domain is termed super resolution [2, 40, 367, 444, 500, 523, 641, 720, 864, 1016, 1099, 1117]. Reconstructing f (t) from its tails [i.e., gi(t) = f (t){1 − Π(t/T)}] is the interval interpolation problem. Prediction, shown in Figure 10.1d, is the problem of recovering a signal with knowledge of that signal only for negative time. Lastly, illustrated in Figure 10.1e, is periodic continuous sampling. Here, the signal is known in sections periodically spaced at intervals of T. The duty cycle is α. Reconstruction of f (t) from this data includes a number of important reconstruction problems as special cases. (a) By keeping αT constant, we can approach the extrapolation problem by letting T go to ∞. (b) Redefine the origin in Figure 10.1e to be centered in a zero interval. Under the same assumption as (a), we can similarly approach the interpolation problem. (c) Redefine the origin as in (b). Then the interpolation problem can be solved by discarding data to make it periodically sampled. (d) Keep T constant and let α → 0. The result is reconstructing f (t) from discrete samples as discussed in Chapter 5. Indeed, this model has been used to derive the sampling theorem [246]. Figures 10.1b-e all illustrate continuously sampled versions of f (t).

Bringing back the image into its frame: Barthes’ soldier and the contextual frame of human perception and interpretation of signs

Semiotica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (229) ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Sarvenaz Safavi ◽  
Agah Gümüş
Keyword(s):  
Human Perception ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Situational Context ◽  
New Model ◽  
Sign System ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractIn this article, the authors try to review the Paris-Match cover page (No. 326 from 1955) analyzed by Roland Barthes and introduces a new model of analyzing sign system from a new semiotic approach based on the new definition of the context. This research is based on three layers of the context and shows that understanding the cover page of a magazine or any other kind of text is not only absolute but also somehow relative due to the different background knowledge of the audience. This means that human sees the Context A, or what is designed, in the situation of Context B, or situational context, and interpret based on their Context C, or background knowledge of the audience.

The negotiation of distance or the embodiment of the interpersonal

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Daily Basis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Rhetorical Debate

Chapter 11 analyzes how all the preceding elements of the new definition of rhetoric as the negotiation of distance fit together. What is meant by negotiation? People can, and do, maintain, increase, or diminish the distance between themselves on a daily basis. After the preceding accounts of logos, ethos, and pathos, this final chapter is devoted to the analysis of distance. It analyzes how rhetoric affects the variations in distance between individuals, and how the variations of distance in turn affect the rhetorical impact sought by the interlocutors. This is where the distinction between the projective view that one has of others plays just as much of a role as the effective situation of others. The discrepancy between the projective and the effective can make distance itself an object of rhetorical debate.

Invalidity of interested party transactions, made by joint-stock companies: a comparative legal experience

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Александр Трофимик ◽  
Aleksandr Trofimik
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
New Order ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Related Party Transactions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of

The monograph is devoted to complex and system research of the problems in legal regulation concerning invalidity of related-party transactions in the context of the last short stories contained Chapter 11 of the Federal Law «On Joint-Stock Companies». With the application of comparative legal methodin this article is an attempt to establish fundamental primary legal unities of law and order in Germany and the Russian Federation in corresponding regulation and to differentiate substantial characteristics of theologically equivalent legal mechanisms. In this article such aspects of counteraction to conflict of interest in Germany’s Joint-Stock Companies are considered, which have not been presented in Russian research works earlier. In the article is given a doctrinal definition of the term «related-party transactions», analyzed a new order of making related-party transactions with relation to given guaranties for declaring a transaction voidable, formulated the invalidity elements of related-party transactions. The author made an attempt of technical legal analysis of invalidity elements correlation, established by the paragraph of third point 1 of Article 84 of the Federal Law «On Joint-Stock Companies», and in accordance with point 2 of Article 174 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals PERNIKAHAN DIBAWAH UMUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitrotin Jamilah ◽  
Wakid Evendi ◽  
Sunardi Sunardi ◽  
Dwi Astutiek
Keyword(s):  
Marriage Law ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Husband And Wife

Marriage is an inner and outer bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife with the aim of forming a happy and eternal family or household based on the supreme divinity. And as for underage marriage according to law is marriage that is not in accordance with the marriage law chapter 11 article 1 verse 1 which states that marriage can only be permitted if the male has reached the age of 19 years and the women has reached the age of 16 years. Thus if marriage under the age determined by the law, the marriage is underage. As for the purpose of this study id to discuss about 1) the definition of underage marriage according to the law, 2) the factors that cause underage marriage, 3) the impact of underage marriage, and 4) how to overcome and reduce the existence underage marriage. Explanation of the 4 discussion abavoe will help us to understand and add to our insights into underage marriage according to the law the causal factors and even the impact and how to overcome the problem

Building Organizational Supports for Research-minded Practitioners

2020 ◽  
pp. 233-267
Author(s):  
Austin Michael ◽  
Sarah Carnochan
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Context ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Partnership Model ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Organizational Supports ◽  
National Organizations ◽  
Definition Of

Chapter 11 of Practice Research in the Human Services: A University-Agency Partnership Model discusses issues and strategies related to providing organizational supports for practitioners in order to facilitate their engagement in practice research. The chapter describes: (1) the emerging organizational context for evidence-informed practice and practice research; (2) an evolving definition of the elements of a research-minded practitioner, which include curiosity, critical reflection, and critical thinking; (3) a beginning framework for conceptualizing relevant organizational supports; and (4) case examples of organizational supports provided by national organizations in the United Kingdom. The chapter concludes with an emerging set of lessons learned and questions to guide future practice research efforts.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПЕРЕВОДА ВЕРБАЛЬНЫХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ В РЕКЛАМНЫХ КРЕОЛИЗОВАННЫХ ТЕКСТАХ С РУССКОГО НА КЫРГЫЗСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
Женишова Суусара
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Sign System ◽  
Semantic Translation ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
Iconic Images ◽  
Verbal Component ◽  
Definition Of

Аннотация: В статье рассматриваются особенности рекламных текстов,являющихся разновидностью креолизированных текстов. Дается определение понятию «креолизованный текст», и выделяются основные группы креолизованных текстов. Исследуются понятия «рекламное» название и «рекламный» слоган, выступающие в качестве основных вербальных компонентов в рекламных текстах. В статье рассматриваются также, сам термин «реклама» и составляющие ее элементы. Выделяются основные типы слоганов, и рассматриваются некоторые принципы, которыми следует руководствоваться при написании слогана. Приводится лингвистический анализ особенностей перевода рекламных щитов на улицах города. В результате, выявляются смысловые ошибки у некоторых рекламных щитов с точки зрения их семантического анализа перевода с русского на кыргызский. В заключении сделаны соответствующие выводы по теме. Ключевые слова: Креолизованный текст, гармония, знаковая система, графические средства, облигаторный элемент, иконический, изображение и рисунки, реклама, рекламный слоган, вербальный компонент, рекламный щит, семантический анализ. Аннотация: Макалада жарнама текстинин өзгөчөлүктөрү креолизацияланган текст катарында каралган. Креолизацияланган текст түшүнмөсүнүн аныктамасы берилип, креолизацияланган текстеринин негизги топтору аныкталган. Жарнама аталышы жана жарнама слоганы түшүнмөлөрү жарнамалык текстеринин негизги вербалдуу компоненттери катары изилденген.Ошондой эле макалада реклама термини жана аны түзүүчү элементтери каралган. Жарнама слогандарыдын негизги түрлөрү аныкталынып, жана слогандарды жазуудагы айрым эрежелерин башкаруу тууралуу каралган. Шаардын көчөлөрүндө жайгашкан жарнама плакаттарынын орус тилинен кыргыз тилине которуусундагы озгөчөлүктөрүнүн лингвистикалык анализи өткөрүлгөн. Натыйжада, семантикалык анализдөө аркылуу айрым жарнама плакаттарынын орус тилинен кыргыз тилине которуудагы семантикалык каталары аныкталган. Акырында туура келген жыйынтыктар чыгарылган. Түйүндүү сөздөр: Креолизацияланган текст, гармония, белгилер системасы,графикалык каражаттар, облигатордук элементи, иконикалык, сүрөттөмөлөр жана сүрөттөр, жарнама, жарнама слоганы, вербалдуу компонент, жарнама плакаты, семантикалык анализдөө. Annotation: In the article features of advertisement texts as creolized ones are viewed. Definition of creolized text and its main groups are distinguished. Advertisement name and advertisement logotype are studied, as main verbal components of advertisement texts.The term ‘advertisement’ itself and its elements are also viewed in the article. Main types of slogans are distinguished, and several principles which should be followed during writing of advertising slogan are viewed. Linguistic analysis of billboards translation features on citystreets is made from Russian to Kyrgyz. As a result, semantic mistakes of some billboards are distinguished from their semantic translation analysis from Russian to English. Corresponding conclusions on given theme are made at the end. Key words: Creolized text, harmony, sign system, graphic means, obligatory element, iconic, images and pictures, advertisement, advertising slogan, verbal component, billboard, semantic analysis.

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