Effect of Sodium Chloride on Response of Two Wheat Cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) at Germination and Early Seedling Stages

We evaluated the effect of endobacteria Bacillus subtilis (strain 10–4) as a co-inoculant for promoting plant growth and redox metabolism in two contrasting genotypes of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat): Ekada70 (drought tolerant (DT)) and Salavat Yulaev (drought susceptible (DS)) in early stages of adaptation to drought (12% PEG–6000). Results revealed that drought reduced growth and dramatically augmented oxidative stress markers, i.e., hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation (MDA). Furthermore, the depletion of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH), accompanied by a significant activation of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), in both stressed wheat cultivars (which was more pronounced in DS genotype) was found. B. subtilis had a protective effect on growth and antioxidant status, wherein the stabilization of AsA and GSH levels was revealed. This was accompanied by a decrease of drought-caused APX and GR activation in DS plants, while in DT plants additional antioxidant accumulation and GR activation were observed. H2O2 and MDA were considerably reduced in both drought-stressed wheat genotypes because of the application of B. subtilis. Thus, the findings suggest the key roles in B. subtilis-mediated drought tolerance in DS cv. Salavat Yulaev and DT cv. Ekada70 played are AsA and GSH, respectively; which, in both cases, resulted in reduced cell oxidative damage and improved growth in seedlings under drought.

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Polymorphism of Gli-D1 alleles of Kragujevac’s winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr0702273k ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 273-282

Author(s):

Desimir Knezevic ◽

Aleksandra Novoselskaya-Dragovich

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Molecular Mass ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Number Of Components ◽

Winter Wheat Cultivars

Composition of gliadins encoded by Gli-D1 allele as well polymorphisms of Gli-D1 allele investigated in 25 wheat cultivars by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Electrophoregrams obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used for estimation variability of gliadin components and identification of gliadin blocks. Five gliadin blocks encoded by different alleles at Gli-D1 locus were apparently expressed and identified. Gliadin blocks differed according to number of components and their molecular mass. Variability of determined block components indicates that existing polymorphisms of gliadins alleles. Frequency of identified 5 alleles at Gli-D1 locus was in ratio from 4% to 52%. The highest frequency of b allele and the of g allele was found.

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Variation of grain growth of wheat cultivars

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3960 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 351-359

Author(s):

SK Adhikary ◽

MZ Alam ◽

NK Paul

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Grain Growth ◽

Growth Pattern ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Regression Coefficients ◽

Cultivar Differences ◽

Wheat Cultivars

An experiment was carried out to study the grain growth pattern of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars and to find out association and linear regression of spike weight and grain weight with time. Spike characters indicated that cultivar differences were significant in all the cases with a few exceptions. Linear regression and correlation coefficients revealed that the association between both spike weight and grain weight with time were highly positively significant among the cultivars but their regression coefficients were non- significant. Key Words: Grain growth, correlation, regression, wheat. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3960 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(3) : 351-359, September 2009

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The Variability of Puroindoline-Encoding Alleles and Their Influence on Grain Hardness in Modern Wheat Cultivars Cultivated in Poland, Breeding Lines and Polish Old Landraces (Triticum aestivum L.)

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10081075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1075

Author(s):

Mateusz Przyborowski ◽

Sebastian Gasparis ◽

Maciej Kała ◽

Wacław Orczyk ◽

Anna Nadolska-Orczyk

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

System Analysis ◽

Allelic Variation ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Grain Hardness ◽

Wild Type ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Modern Wheat

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain hardness is determined mainly by variations in puroindoline genes (Pina-D1 and Pinb-D1), which are located on the short arm of chromosome 5D. This trait has a direct effect on the technological properties of the flour and the final product quality. The objective of the study was to analyze the mutation frequency in both Pin genes and their influence on grain hardness in 118 modern bread wheat cultivars and breeding lines cultivated in Poland, and 80 landraces from Poland. The PCR products containing the Pin gene coding sequences were sequenced by the Sanger method. Based on detected the SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) we designed CAPS (cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence) markers for the fast screening of Pinb alleles in a large number of genotypes. All analyzed cultivars, breeding lines, and landraces possess the wild-type Pina-D1a allele. Allelic variation was observed within the Pinb gene. The most frequently occurring allele in modern wheat cultivars and breeding lines (over 50%) was Pinb-D1b. The contribution of the remaining alleles (Pinb-D1a, Pinb-D1c, and Pinb-D1d) was much less (approx. 15% each). In landraces, the most frequent allele was Pinb-D1a (over 70%), followed by Pinb-D1b (21% frequency). Pinb-D1c and Pinb-D1g were found in individual varieties. SKCS (single-kernel characterization system) analysis revealed that grain hardness was strictly connected with Pinb gene allelic variation in most tested cultivars. The mean grain hardness values were significantly greater in cultivars with mutant Pinb variants as compared to those with the wild-type Pinb-D1a allele. Based on grain hardness measured by SKCS, we classified the analyzed cultivars and lines into different classes according to a previously proposed classification system.

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Germination characters and early seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under salt stress conditions

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s12892-016-0052-1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 383-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rabiul Alom ◽

Md. Abu Hasan ◽

Md. Rabiul Islam ◽

Qing-Feng Wang

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Early Seedling Growth ◽

Early Seedling

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DEVELOPMENTAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE INFLORESCENCE IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT CULTIVARS WITH AND WITHOUT THE CULTIVAR NORIN 10 IN THEIR ANCESTRY

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps73-002 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 7-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

JOHN E. FISHER

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Apical Dominance ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Leaf Primordia ◽

Developmental Pattern ◽

Morphological Development ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Developmental Morphology ◽

Secale Cereale L ◽

The Individual

The morphological development of the spike in short-statured hexaploid wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) derived from the cultivar Norin 10, and in Norin 10 as well, was markedly different from that in standard hexaploid wheats. In Norin 10 and its derivatives, the single ridges (slowly growing leaf primordia) on the elongating apex were considerably larger and spikelet primordia initiation and expansion were markedly delayed, resulting in a long apex with many single ridges. When spikelet development commenced, it was much more synchronous and hence gave rise to longer heads than in standard wheat in which spikelet development began soon after the start of the elongation of the apex. In most Norin 10 derivatives, more spikelets were initiated than in standard wheat. Apical dominance in the spike appeared to be stronger than in standard wheats. Also, apical dominance within the individual spikelets appeared to be greater, the net result being more fertile florets per spikelet. The developmental pattern of the spike of Norin 10 and its derivatives resembled, to a marked degree, the developmental pattern of rye (Secale cereale L.).

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