Vulnerability to Microbiological Pollution of Tap Water and Groundwater Consumed in the Southern Zone of the City of Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo)

Doubt about the quality of tap water, due to its color, taste and unpleasant odors, forces a large part of the population of the city of Daloa (west-central of Cote d�Ivoire) to turn to spring and traditional wells waters whose quality is unknown. This study aims to assess the level of nitrate pollution of these shallow aquifers through 29 points including 9 spring and 20 traditional wells spread all over the city. Nitrate concentrations range from 2.5 mg/L to 301.1 mg/L, with 30% of the wells containing an excess of nitrate, beyond the WHO drinking standard (50 mg/L). The map of levels of nitrate concentrations in the city�s wells and springs shows the exposure of the populations of the old downtown neighborhoods to a high health risk due to the high pollution potential of nitrate in the water.

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The antibiotic resistance of heterotrophic bacteria in tap waters in London

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2018.065 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 179-190

Author(s):

R. Destiani ◽

M. R. Templeton

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽

Tap Water ◽

Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Opportunistic Pathogens ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Sampling Locations ◽

The City

Abstract This study assessed the occurrence and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in tap water sampled across London, United Kingdom. Sampling was conducted seasonally from nine locations spread geographically across the city. ARBs and ARGs (tet(A), dfrA7, and sul1) were detected in all sampling locations in all sampling rounds. Resistance to trimethoprim was the highest among the tested antibiotics and the sul1 gene was the most abundant resistance gene detected. Several opportunistic pathogens were identified amongst the ARBs in the water samples, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.

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Monitoring of trace element content in tap water from Karachuny Reservoir, Kryvyi Rih city

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202016601005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 166 ◽

pp. 01005

Author(s):

Viktoriia Stoliarenko ◽

Marina Chernova ◽

Olga Yakovchuk

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Trace Element ◽

Tap Water ◽

Trace Element Content ◽

Element Content ◽

Monthly Basis ◽

Industrial Regions ◽

The City ◽

Inversion Voltammetry

Control of the trace element content in tap water is particularly important for large industrial regions. The estimation of Cd, Pb, Cu, As, Ni, Zn, Mn, Hg, Se and Co concentration in the tap water of Kryvyi Rih city (Karachuny Reservoir) was accomplished using electrochemical methods, the most popular methods for determining the content of trace elements in natural objects and tap water. A simple and rapid method to determine trace elements in the tap water (Kryvyi Rih city) by inversion-voltammetry has been used. The concentration of trace elements was measured by voltammetricanalyzer AVA-2 device that implements the method of inversion voltammetry on a solid rotating electrode made of carbon material. The monitoring of the trace element content in the water of the Karachuny reservoir was carried out on a monthly basis between September 2018 and August 2019. The article presents the obtained voltamperograms of some trace elements, describes content of the trace element in tap water during the year (12 data for each trace element) and analyzes the compliance of drinking water in the city of Kryvyi Rih to the standards and normative indicators of drinking water quality.

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Microbiological characteristics of municipal solid waste in St. Petersburg

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201913501058 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 135 ◽

pp. 01058 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Grigorii Kozlov ◽

Mikhail Pushkarev

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Atmospheric Air ◽

Microbiological Characteristics ◽

Microbiological Pollution ◽

Microbial Number ◽

The City ◽

Collection Sites

The article provides information about fluctuations in the microbiological composition of waste from the city of St. Petersburg (Russia) and microbiological air pollution at the facilities for the collection and processing of solid waste. It has been shown that the collection sites do not significantly affect the microbiological pollution of atmospheric air. Large MSW landfills have a significant impact on air pollution by microorganisms. Although the effect of plants for mechanized biological processing of MSW on the microbial number of atmospheric air is observed, it cannot be considered statistically significant.

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Struggling at the Borders of the City: Environmental Justice and Water Access in the Southern Zone of Cochabamba, Bolivia

Environmental Justice ◽

10.1089/env.2011.0018 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 89-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rocio Bustamante ◽

Aurore Médieu

Keyword(s):

Environmental Justice ◽

Water Access ◽

Southern Zone ◽

The City

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Description of the targeted water supply and hygiene response strategy implemented during the cholera outbreak of 2017-2018 in Kinshasa, DRC

10.21203/rs.2.9821/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Didier Bompangue ◽

Sandra Moore ◽

Nadège Taty ◽

Benido Impouma ◽

Bertrand Sudre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Response Strategy ◽

Cholera Outbreak ◽

Household Water Treatment ◽

Cholera Case ◽

Grid Approach ◽

Public Areas ◽

Republic Of The Congo ◽

The City

Abstract Background Rapid control of cholera outbreaks is a significant challenge in overpopulated urban areas. During late-2017, Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, experienced an increase in cholera cases that showed potential to spread throughout the city. A novel targeted water and hygiene response strategy was implemented to quickly stem the outbreak. Methods We describe the first implementation of the cluster grid response strategy carried out in the community during the cholera outbreak in Kinshasa, in which water and hygiene response activities targeted cholera case clusters. Interventions, which focused on emergency water supply, household water treatment and safe storage, home disinfection and hygiene promotion, were organized using a grid approach. We also performed a preliminary community trial study to assess the temporal pattern of the outbreak, before and after response interventions were implemented. Cholera surveillance databases from the Ministry of Health were analyzed to assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of the outbreak using epidemic curves and cartography. Results From January 2017 to November 2018, a total of 1,712 suspected cholera cases were reported in Kinshasa. During this period, the health zones most affected included Binza Météo, Limeté, Kokolo, Kintambo and Kingabwa. Following implementation of the response strategy, the weekly cholera case numbers in Binza Météo, Kintambo and Limeté decreased by an average of 57% in two weeks and 86% in four weeks. The total weekly case numbers throughout Kinshasa Province dropped by 71% at four weeks after the outbreak peak. Conclusion During the 2017-2018 period, Kinshasa experienced a sharp increase in cholera cases that showed potential to rapidly spread throughout the city. To contain the outbreak, water and hygiene response interventions targeted case households, nearby neighbors and public areas in case clusters using a grid approach. Following implementation of the response, the outbreak in Kinshasa was quickly brought under control. A similar approach may be useful to quickly interrupt cholera transmission in other urban settings.

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Influence of Adverse Ecological Factors on the Incidence of Malignant Neoplasms

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202122702001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 227 ◽

pp. 02001

Author(s):

Izimbet Turdimambetov ◽

Amet Madreymov ◽

Lorant Foldvary ◽

Medetbay Oteuliev ◽

Murat Kurbanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tap Water ◽

Ecological Factors ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Chemical Pollution ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Well Water ◽

Moderate Correlation ◽

Strong Connection ◽

The Republic ◽

The City

An analysis of the leading sanitary-ecological factors of the environment affecting the incidence rates among the population of the Republic of Karakalpakstan in 2009-2018 found that between the indicators of the primary incidence of malignant neoplasms and water samples of open reservoirs that are not standard in chemical composition, strong direct correlations in the Northern (rxy = 0.89) zone, average direct correlations in the Western (rxy = 0.67) and Central (rxy = 0.57) zones were established. Similarly, strong connection was found in the Chimbay (rxy = 0.73) district, moderate correlation in Nukus (rxy = 0.44) and Ellikkala (rxy = 0.66) districts. The moderate correlation of the dynamics of malignant neoplasms with indicators of chemical pollution of tap water in the Chimbay (rxy = 0.33) district, well water in Kanlykul (rxy = 0.32) and atmospheric air in the city of Nukus (rxy = 0.41) was revealed and in the Republic of Karakalpakstan (rxy = 0.39). The solution to the problem lies in providing for the population of the selected districts with centralized drinking water that meets the state standard.

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Research of tap water quality parameters in the city of kherson by chemical methods

Water bioresources and aquaculture ◽

10.32851/wba.2019.2.10 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 134-143

Author(s):

O.V. Ohrіmenko ◽

◽

T.A. Bila ◽

Ye.V. Liashenko ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Tap Water ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Tap Water Quality ◽

The City

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Congolese perception of the COVID-19 pandemic: the case of the city of Uvira

The Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.31254/jmr.2020.6503 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 183-187

Author(s):

Kibukila Fabrice ◽

◽

Nyakio Olivier ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Democratic Republic ◽

Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽

Limited Resources ◽

Age Group ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Black Race ◽

Containment Measures ◽

Republic Of The Congo ◽

The Media ◽

The City

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic, a disease that started in the city of Wuhan, China, is wreaking havoc around the world. Like all nations, Democratic Republic of the Congo is trying, despite limited resources, to reduce the spread of this scourge somewhat by means of prevention measures, the only weapon available to humanity. The objective of this study is to share the different reactions of the Congolese population to this Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: This is a qualitative and observational survey of 898 volunteer people living in the city of Uvira (Province of South Kivu, in Democratic Republic of Congo) and conducted during a week-long period from March 30 as of April 5, 2020. The analysis of the data was done using SPSS statistics 20 software. Results: the 15 to 30 age group was the most represented (59.1%). All of our respondents claimed to have heard of the Covid-19 (100.0%), and most of it through the media (99.3%). The majority believe that the black race is less affected than the white race (48.7%). Regarding containment measures, 77.5% of our respondents believe that these cannot be observed in the city of Uvira. The proportion of respondents believing that containment measures will not be respected was statistically high in the age group 15 years - 30 years (43.9%; p = 0.039), among respondents with a secondary education level (42.0%; p = 0.000) and among those with an average socioeconomic level (43.0%; p = 0.017). Conclusion: This study, the first in the region, has just supported the image that the Congolese population in general, and that of the city of Uvira in particular, in relation to the Covid-19.

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Braiding stories, singing memories: narratives and displacements of a refugee woman

Revista Brasileira de Estudos Urbanos e Regionais ◽

10.22296/2317-1529.rbeur.202137en ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

Júlia Motta

Keyword(s):

Research Methodology ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Democratic Republic ◽

Research Project ◽

Evangelical Church ◽

Refugee Woman ◽

Republic Of The Congo ◽

New City ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City

Using ethnography and a research methodology developed for this research project, this article sets out to describe the trajectories of a female refugee and the relationship she has established with her new city of residence. Ruth was born in Angola, but grew up in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. She is 35 years old and has lived in Rio de Janeiro since 2014. She has three children and works as an actress and singer. She reconnects to her roots and reinvents herself in the new territory through spending time with Congolese women in a market in Madureira and in an evangelical church in Brás de Pina. The methodology, using photos, drawings and objects, reveals the experiences of a Black refugee woman in the city where she has come to live. The article intends to reflect on the way these women have reinvented themselves based on the place of the frontier and how they have given different meanings to their identities in their new place.

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