Cytotoxicity Study of Cadmium-Selenium Quantum Dots (Cdse QDs) for Destroying the Human HepG2 Liver Cancer Cell

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 2153-2164
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Rahman ◽  
Firoz A. D. M. Opo ◽  
Abdullah M. Asiri
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Cdse Qds ◽  
Large Tumor ◽  
Cadmium Selenium

In this approach, Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is originated from hepatocytes cell, which can spread several parts in the body. It increases the death rate of cancer patients and more common in men rather than female. Patients having large tumor are growing through expensive treatment such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. Nano medicine such as nano-dimensional particles as well as quantum dots might be an alternative treatment with greater efficiency in cancer biology field. Modification of surface and chemical properties of cadmium groups quantum dots can easily penetrate into the cancer cell without harming normal tissues. Here, Cadmium-Selenium Quantum Dot nanomaterials (CdSe QDs) have been prepared in solution phase with 0.1 M concentration, which was potentially applied for the destroying of HepG2 cancer cell with 24 hour and 36 hour of incubation. Due to their size, surface properties, lower cost, QDs can easily attached to the cell and able to damage the cells more rapidly in vitro process. For cell death, gene expression and morphological changing analysis were completed MTT, Flow Cytometry, qRT-PCR assay. Finally, the cell deaths were observed by cell shrinkage, rupture of membrane and expression of apoptotic gene (Bcl2, Beta catenin, Bax) were positive comparing untreated HepG2 cell line.

scholarly journals Effects of Doxorubicin Delivery by Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots on Cancer Cell Growth: Experimental Study and Mathematical Modeling

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Madison Frieler ◽  
Christine Pho ◽  
Bong Han Lee ◽  
Hana Dobrovolny ◽  
Giridhar R. Akkaraju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Graphene ◽  
Doped Graphene

With 18 million new cases diagnosed each year worldwide, cancer strongly impacts both science and society. Current models of cancer cell growth and therapeutic efficacy in vitro are time-dependent and often do not consider the Emax value (the maximum reduction in the growth rate), leading to inconsistencies in the obtained IC50 (concentration of the drug at half maximum effect). In this work, we introduce a new dual experimental/modeling approach to model HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell growth and assess the efficacy of doxorubicin chemotherapeutics, whether alone or delivered by novel nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs). These biocompatible/biodegradable nanoparticles were used for the first time in this work for the delivery and fluorescence tracking of doxorubicin, ultimately decreasing its IC50 by over 1.5 and allowing for the use of up to 10 times lower doses of the drug to achieve the same therapeutic effect. Based on the experimental in vitro studies with nanomaterial-delivered chemotherapy, we also developed a method of cancer cell growth modeling that (1) includes an Emax value, which is often not characterized, and (2), most importantly, is measurement time-independent. This will allow for the more consistent assessment of the efficiency of anti-cancer drugs and nanomaterial-delivered formulations, as well as efficacy improvements of nanomaterial delivery.

scholarly journals Anti-carcinogenic effects of exercise-conditioned human serum: evidence, relevance and opportunities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Metcalfe ◽  
Rachael Kemp ◽  
Shane M. Heffernan ◽  
Rachel Churm ◽  
Yung-Chih Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Tumour Growth ◽  
Exercise Physiology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
Rna Molecules

AbstractRegular physical activity reduces the risk of several site-specific cancers in humans and suppresses tumour growth in animal models. The mechanisms through which exercise reduces tumour growth remain incompletely understood, but an intriguing and accumulating body of evidence suggests that the incubation of cancer cells with post-exercise serum can have powerful effects on key hallmarks of cancer cell behaviour in vitro. This suggests that exercise can impact tumour biology through direct changes in circulating proteins, RNA molecules and metabolites. Here, we provide a comprehensive narrative overview of what is known about the effects of exercise-conditioned sera on in vitro cancer cell behaviour. In doing so, we consider the key limitations of the current body of literature, both from the perspective of exercise physiology and cancer biology, and we discuss the potential in vivo physiological relevance of these findings. We propose key opportunities for future research in an area that has the potential to identify key anti-oncogenic protein targets and optimise physical activity recommendations for cancer prevention, treatment and survivorship.

scholarly journals Nanoparticle interaction with the immune system / Interakcije nanodelcev z imunskim sistemom

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veno Kononenko ◽  
Mojca Narat ◽  
Damjana Drobne
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Molecular Response ◽  
Nanoparticle Interactions ◽  
Biological Environment ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract When nanoparticles enter the body, their interactions with cells are almost unavoidable. Unintended nanoparticle interaction with immune cells may elicit a molecular response that can have toxic effects and lead to greater susceptibility to infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, and cancer development. As evidenced by several studies, nanoparticle interactions with biological systems can stimulate inflammatory or allergic reactions and activate the complement system. Nanoparticles can also stimulate immune response by acting as adjuvants or as haptens. Immunosuppressive effects have also been reported. This article gives a brief review of in vitro and in vivo research evidencing stimulatory or suppressive effects of nanoparticles on the immune system of mammals. In order to ensure safe use of nanosized particles, future research should focus on how their physical and chemical properties influence their behaviour in the biological environment, as they not only greatly affect nanoparticle-immune system interactions but can also interfere with experimental assays

scholarly journals Keratin-Based Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Carriers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 9417
Author(s):  
Claudia Ferroni ◽  
Greta Varchi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Biological Environment ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

Keratin is a structural protein of mammalian tissues and birds, representing the principal constituent of hair, nails, skin, wool, hooves, horns, beaks, and feathers, and playing an essential role in protecting the body from external harassment. Due to its intrinsic features such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, responsiveness to specific biological environment, and physical–chemical properties, keratin has been extensively explored in the production of nanocarriers of active principles for different biomedical applications. In the present review paper, we aimed to give a literature overview of keratin-based nanoparticles produced starting from human hair, wool, and chicken feathers. Along with the chemical and structural description of keratin nanoparticles, selected in vitro and in vivo biological data are also discussed to provide a more comprehensive framework of possible fields of application of this protein. Despite the considerable number of papers describing the production and use of keratin nanoparticles as carries of anticancer and antimicrobial drugs or as hemostatic and wound healing materials, still, efforts are needed to implement keratin nanoparticles towards their clinical application.

scholarly journals Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of cell lines as models of primary tumor samples across 22 tumor types

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yu ◽  
B. Chen ◽  
D. Aran ◽  
J. Charalel ◽  
A. Butte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Tumor Types

AbstractCancer cell lines are commonly used as models for cancer biology. While they are limited in their ability to capture complex interactions between tumors and their surrounding environment, they are a cornerstone of cancer research and many important findings have been discovered utilizing cell line models. Not all cell lines are appropriate models of primary tumors, however, which may contribute to the difficulty in translating in vitro findings to patients. Previous studies have leveraged public datasets to evaluate cell lines as models of primary tumors, but they have been limited in scope to specific tumor types and typically ignore the presence of tumor infiltrating cells in the primary tumor samples. We present here a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis utilizing approximately 9,000 transcriptomic profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia to evaluate cell lines as models of primary tumors across 22 different tumor types. After adjusting for tumor purity in the primary tumor samples, we performed correlation analysis and differential gene expression analysis between the primary tumor samples and cell lines. We found that cell-cycle pathways are consistently upregulated in cell lines, while no pathways are consistently upregulated across the primary tumor samples. In a case study, we compared colorectal cancer cell lines with primary tumor samples across the colorectal subtypes and identified three colorectal cell lines that were derived from fibroblasts rather than tumor epithelial cells. Lastly, we propose a new set of cell lines panel, the TCGA-110, which contains the most representative cell lines from 22 different tumor types as a more comprehensive and informative alternative to the NCI-60 panel. Our analysis of the other tumor types are available in our web app (http://comphealth.ucsf.edu/TCGA110) as a resource to the cancer research community, and we hope it will allow researchers to select more appropriate cell line models and increase the translatability of in vitro findings.

Brave New Hope for Breast Cancer Aminopyrazole derivates between rational design and clinical efficacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 754-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Mihai Nitulescu ◽  
George Iancu ◽  
Georgiana Nitulescu ◽  
Raluca Claudia Iancu ◽  
Camelia Bogdanici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Proliferative Effect

Breast cancer research is a priority nowadays because of the high burden the disease represents for health systems worldwide. New agents are intensively researched to overcome breast cancer biology. Our aminopyrazole derivatives showed promising results when tested in vitro on breast cancer cell lines, by inhibiting protein kinase pathways. Anti-proliferative effect of pyrazole compounds on different breast cancer cell lines was heterogeneous. Further research is necessary to design the optimal structure in terms of high antitumor efficacy and good safety profile. Ophthalmologist control is very important for patients with breast cancer because treatment with some drugs reported side ocular effects: cataract, maculopathy (crystals or drusen or yellowish spots), retinal hemorrhages or dry.

scholarly journals Gold quantum dots impair the tumorigenic potential of glioma stem-like cells via β-catenin downregulation in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 1131-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwan Wahab ◽  
Neha Kaushik ◽  
Farheen Khan ◽  
Nagendra Kumar Kaushik ◽  
Su-Jae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Tumorigenic Potential

scholarly journals Health Concerns of Various Nanoparticles: A Review of Their in Vitro and in Vivo Toxicity

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Ajdary ◽  
Mohammad Moosavi ◽  
Marveh Rahmati ◽  
Mojtaba Falahati ◽  
Mohammad Mahboubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Protein Corona ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Physico Chemical

Nanoparticles (NPs) are currently used in diagnosis and treatment of many human diseases, including autoimmune diseases and cancer. However, cytotoxic effects of NPs on normal cells and living organs is a severe limiting factor that hinders their use in clinic. In addition, diversity of NPs and their physico-chemical properties, including particle size, shape, surface area, dispersity and protein corona effects are considered as key factors that have a crucial impact on their safe or toxicological behaviors. Current studies on toxic effects of NPs are aimed to identify the targets and mechanisms of their side effects, with a focus on elucidating the patterns of NP transport, accumulation, degradation, and elimination, in both in vitro and in vitro models. NPs can enter the body through inhalation, skin and digestive routes. Consequently, there is a need for reliable information about effects of NPs on various organs in order to reveal their efficacy and impact on health. This review covers the existing knowledge base on the subject that hopefully prepares us better to address these challenges.

scholarly journals Why is cancer not more common? A changing microenvironment may help to explain why, and suggests strategies for anti-cancer therapy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Jiang ◽  
Ian P.M. Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Cancer Evolution ◽  
Cancer Driver ◽  
Anti Cancer

AbstractOne of the great unsolved puzzles in cancer biology is not why cancers occur, but rather, explaining why so few cancers occur compared with the theoretical number that could occur given the number of progenitor cells in the body and the normal mutation rate. We hypothesised that a contributory explanation is that the tumour microenvironment (TME) is not fixed, and that this could impair the ability of neoplastic cells to retain a high enough fitness to become a cancer. The TME has implicitly been assumed to be static in most cancer evolution models, and we therefore developed a mathematical model of spatial cancer evolution assuming that the TME, and thus the optimum cancer phenotype, change over time. Based on simulations, we show how cancer cell populations adapt to diverse changing TME conditions and fitness landscapes. Compared with static TMEs which generate neutral dynamics, changing TMEs lead to complex adaptations with spatio-temporal heterogeneity involving variable sub-clonal fitness, mixing, competition and phylogeny patterns. In many cases, cancer cell populations fail to grow or undergo spontaneous regression, and even extinction. Our analyses predict that cancer evolution in a changing TME is challenging, and can help to explain why cancer is neither inevitable nor as common as expected. Should cancer driver mutations with effects dependent of the TME exist, they are likely to be selected. Anti-cancer prevention and treatment strategies based on changing the TME are feasible and potentially effective.

Effect of Solvent to Fingerprint Detection by Photoluminescent CdSe/PAMAM Nanocomposites

2013 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Yu Juan Jin ◽  
Yun Jun Luo ◽  
Yuan Feng Wang ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Hao Nan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Yellow Emission ◽  
Cdse Qds ◽  
Latent Fingerprints ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Polyamidoamine Dendrimers ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Cadmium Selenium ◽  
Fingerprint Detection

Uniform and well-dispersed photoluminescent semiconductor CdSe (Cadmium selenium) QDs (Quantum dots) were in-situ prepared by taking G4.0-NH2PAMAM(polyamidoamine) dendrimers as inner templates in water and methanol respectively. The prepared solutions containing photoluminescent semiconductor CdSe QDs were utilized for detection of unfumed oil fingerprints on tinfoil. The results show that unfumed latent fingerprints treated with prepared CdSe/PAMAM nanocomposites both displayed yellow emission and the latent fingerprints were detected clearly, while treated with CdSe/PAMAM composites in water manifested stronger emission compared with those treated with CdSe/PAMAM composites in methanol; Also, the veins of fingerprints treated with CdSe/PAMAM nanocomposites in methanol became slim because of the dissolution of methanol to oil components in fingerprints.

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