Imaging Method for Osteosarcoma Diagnosis and Clinical Staging Information Optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 871-877
Author(s):  
Huijuan Jia ◽  
Xiuqin Zhao ◽  
Lei Qin ◽  
Xiansheng Cai
Keyword(s):  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Imaging Examination ◽  
Routine Clinical Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Information Optimization ◽  
Ct And Mri

In order to better assist clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma, and our understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of different examination techniques of DR, CT and MRI, this article collects the pathological diagnosis of the PACS Medical system of Liaocheng People’s Hospital 2015 to 2018. 130 patients with osteosarcoma and imaging examination data, retrospectively analyzed the diagnostic and clinical staging information contained in DR, CT and MRI examination data of osteosarcoma patients, and detected the diagnosis and clinical staging information of osteosarcoma by comparing various examination methods ability to obtain the optimal imaging examination method that can provide complete diagnosis and clinical staging information of osteosarcoma, and is recommended as a routine clinical examination program. Finally, we conclude that: DR, CT, and MRI examinations have no significant differences in the detection capacity of osteosarcoma bone destruction, periosteal response, and periosteal triangle; MRI has less ability to detect tumor bone than DR and CT; DR has soft tissue. The ability to detect masses is inferior to CT and MRI. Among the single DR, CT or MRI examinations, CT examinations have the best comprehensive detection ability for all imaging diagnostic signs of osteosarcoma. MR examination has the best comprehensive display of clinical staging information such as infiltration range and infiltration boundary of osteosarcoma. Combined DR, CT, and MRI examinations are optimized imaging procedures that provide complete osteosarcoma diagnosis and clinical staging information.

scholarly journals The Eye as a Window to Systemic Infectious Diseases: Old Enemies, New Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pirani ◽  
Pelliccioni ◽  
De Turris ◽  
Rosati ◽  
Franceschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Ocular Involvement ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Imaging Examination ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Examination Methods

Background: Syphilis, tuberculosis and toxoplasmosis are major infectious diseases worldwide; all of them are multisystem pathologies and share a possible ocular involvement. In this context, a fundamental help for the definitive diagnosis is provided by the ophthalmologist, through clinical evaluation and with the aid of a multimodal imaging examination. Methods: We hereby describe selected cases who came to our attention and were visited in our eye clinic. In all clinics, the use of retinal and optic disc multimodal imaging during ophthalmological evaluation allowed to make a diagnosis of an infectious disease. Results: In our tertiary referral center more than 60 patients with syphilis, tuberculosis and toxoplasmosis have been evaluated in the last two years: In 60% of cases the ophthalmological evaluation was secondary to a previous diagnosis of an infectious disease, while in the remaining cases the ophthalmologist, with the help of a multimodal imaging examination and clinical evaluation, represented the physician who leads to the diagnosis. Conclusion: Our results confirm how in these life-threatening pathologies a prompt diagnosis is mandatory and may benefit from a multidisciplinary and multimodal imaging approach, especially during ophthalmological evaluation.

scholarly journals Proteomics in Melanoma Biomarker Discovery: Great Potential, Many Obstacles

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Sabel ◽  
Yashu Liu ◽  
David M. Lubman
Keyword(s):  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Serum Proteomics ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Large Populations

The present clinical staging of melanoma stratifies patients into heterogeneous groups, resulting in the application of aggressive therapies to large populations, diluting impact and increasing toxicity. To move to a new era of therapeutic decisions based on highly specific tumor profiling, the discovery and validation of new prognostic and predictive biomarkers in melanoma is critical. Genomic profiling, which is showing promise in other solid tumors, requires fresh tissue from a large number of primary tumors, and thus faces a unique challenge in melanoma. For this and other reasons, proteomics appears to be an ideal choice for the discovery of new melanoma biomarkers. Several approaches to proteomics have been utilized in the search for clinically relevant biomarkers, but to date the results have been relatively limited. This article will review the present work using both tissue and serum proteomics in the search for melanoma biomarkers, highlighting both the relative advantages and disadvantages of each approach. In addition, we review several of the major obstacles that need to be overcome in order to advance the field.

Detection of Wooden Foreign Bodies in Muscle Tissue: Experimental Comparison of Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Ultrasonography

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Mizel ◽  
Neil D. Steinmetz ◽  
Elly Trepman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ct And Mri

An experimental study was performed to compare computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and real-time, high resolution ultrasonography (US) for the detection of wooden foreign bodies in muscle tissue. Wooden splinters were prepared, measured for size, soaked in saline, and placed in porcine muscle distant from and adjacent to bone. The specimens were then examined using roentgenography, CT and MRI in planes parallel and perpendicular to the splinters, and US. The largest wooden foreign bodies (minimum smallest width = 10 mm) were easily detected by CT, MRI, and US. Almost all splinters of various sizes, small and large, soaked in saline for 5 months were easily detected by MRI. Smaller splinters (minimum smallest width = 1–4 mm) soaked for only 3 days and placed distant from bone were most easily detected by US; those soaked for 5 months were most easily detected by either US or MRI. The smaller splinters soaked for only 3 days and placed near bone were not reliably detected by any of the imaging methods; CT and MRI were both more sensitive than US in this situation. MRI scanning was more sensitive perpendicular than parallel to the long axis of the splinters. Therefore, either US or MRI may be the best initial imaging modality for evaluation of a suspected wooden foreign body, depending on availability of imaging method, chronicity of symptoms, and proximity to bone.

scholarly journals Imaging strategy for South African children with their first proven UTI in a tertiary hospital setting

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
S. Andronikou ◽  
C. Welman ◽  
E. Kader ◽  
M. McCulloch
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Renal Scarring ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valves ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Imaging Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Imaging Strategy ◽  
Benign Course

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common invasive childhood bacterial infection. While it has a benign course in most children, there is a risk that some will develop renal scarring, hypertension and chronic renal failure. There are no simple clinical means to identify those at risk and who would benefit from treatment and so all children with first proven UTI are subjected to imaging. Imaging is directed at detecting vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR), obstruction from pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction or posterior urethral valves (PUV) and kidneys that are scarred or at a risk for scarring. Unfortunately, no single imaging method is able to detect all of the above. Also, the advantages and limitations of many of the imaging methods are not clearly appreciated. This article presents the uses, advantages and disadvantages of current imaging methods and outlines a strategy that attempts to limit the radiation dose and invasiveness of the procedure.

scholarly journals A Complex Component of the Nervous System: Brachial Plexus

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Nephthys Sanzhar ◽  
Erasyl M Davis ◽  
M.K. Siminoski
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Brachial Plexopathy ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Obstetric Brachial Plexus ◽  
Almost All

Brachial plexopathy is a type of peripheral neuropathy. Injuries to the brachial plexus can be classified according to their severity, ranging from neuropraxia, the mildest form, to axonotmesis and neurotmesis, the most severe forms. The causes of brachial plexopathy include traumatic and non-traumatic injuries. Because the brachial plexus can sustain various types of injuries, different imaging modalities are required. Recent advances in diagnostic imaging have enabled better investigation of brachial plexopathy. This article reviews the major and most widely used imaging methods used for investigating brachial plexopathy along with newer modalities. The indications, advantages, and disadvantages of each modality are examined. The major factor in realizing the full potential of any imaging method is the knowledge of the requesting physician about the capabilities and limitations of each method. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the standard imaging modality for evaluating non-traumatic injury to the brachial plexus; however, there are several limitations to its use and, therefore, other modalities should be pursued. MR myelography should be used for traumatic meningoceles and root avulsions. MR neurography is a relatively new technique with massive potential. It is a tissue-specific modality with the ability to elicit morphological as well as pathological features of nerves. CT myelography is the gold standard for evaluating traumatic injury of the brachial plexus. Other potential uses are with tumors of the brachial plexus as well as obstetric brachial plexus palsies. Finally, sonography is addressed. With its ability to detect almost all plexopathies and the fact that it does not employ radiation and can be done in virtually every patient, it should be the baseline or, at least, the screening method for plexopathies.

Viscoelastic Strain Response (ViSR) Ultrasound in Pre-Clinical and Clinical Application

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallory R. Scola ◽  
Joe N. Kornegay ◽  
James F. Howard ◽  
Timothy C. Nichols ◽  
Caterina M. Gallippi
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Time Constant ◽  
Acoustic Radiation ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Radiation Force ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Strain Response ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Viscoelastic Strain ◽  
Coefficient Of Viscosity

Viscoelastic Strain Response (ViSR) ultrasound is a novel acoustic radiation force (ARF)-based imaging method that noninvasively interrogates the viscoelastic properties of tissue by measuring the relaxation time constant for constant stress in the Voigt biomechanical model. The time constant is defined as the ratio of coefficient of viscosity to elastic modulus, so ViSR differentiates tissue with disparate viscosities and elasticities. ViSR ultrasound is performed by delivering two successive ARF impulses to a single region of exciation (ROE) and tracking the micrometer-scale displacements induced by the propagating longitudinal waves. ViSR does not rely on transverse wave propagation, which can be disrupted and difficult to track in heterogeneous and/or geometrically complex media. Another advantage to ViSR ultrasound is a large axial range relative to conventional ARF Impulse (ARFI) ultrasound. In this overview, ViSR methods are discussed and demonstrated in calibrated viscoelastic tissue mimicking materials. ViSR ultrasound is then applied to differentiating fatty and fibrous deposition in muscle in a golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) dog model and in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with correlation to standard physical testing. ViSR is also applied to delineating the structure and composition of atherosclerotic plaques in a hypercholesterolemic pig model with histochemical validation. ViSR’s key advantages and disadvantages are discussed in regard to its general clinical utility.

scholarly journals A Prospective Randomized Comparison of CT and MRI Pre-operative Localization for Pallidotomy

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Honey ◽  
Robert A. Nugent
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Percentage Improvement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Unilateral Pallidotomy ◽  
Ct And Mri ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objective:During the pallidotomy procedure, is pre-operative localization with MRI more accurate than CT and does it result in a significant difference in surgical outcome?Methods:Twenty-four Parkinson's Disease patients received a unilateral pallidotomy for their motor symptoms. Dyskinesia was scored pre- and six weeks postoperatively. All patients had a pre-operative CT scan and MRI to calculate the target co-ordinates. Patients were then randomly selected to proceed with either the CT or MRI coordinates. The final position for the lesion was determined with intraoperative macrostimulation and impedance measurements. The percentage improvement of dyskinesia was noted for each patient and the two groups compared by the Mann-Whitney test. The distance from the final target to the MRI and CT pre-operative co-ordinates were calculated for each patient. The mean distance for each modality was then compared by Student's t-test. The number of electrode repositionings was also recorded for each patient and the two groups compared by the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test.Results:Although the MRI co-ordinates were significantly (p<0.023) closer to the final target, this did not translate into a significant reduction in electrode repositionings. There was no significant difference in the improvement in dyskinesia between the two groups.Conclusion:The pre-operative MRI co-ordinates were significantly (p=0.023) closer to the final target than those from the CT. The potential advantages and disadvantages of both imaging modalities are reviewed. There was no significant difference in surgical outcome using either MRI or CT for pre-operative localization in pallidotomy.

Role of Imaging in Pretreatment Evaluation of Early Invasive Cervical Cancer: Results of the Intergroup Study American College of Radiology Imaging Network 6651–Gynecologic Oncology Group 183

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (36) ◽  
pp. 9329-9337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedvig Hricak ◽  
Constantine Gatsonis ◽  
Dennis S. Chi ◽  
Marco A. Amendola ◽  
Kathy Brandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Gynecologic Oncology ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Gynecologic Oncology Group ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Oncology Group ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Ct And Mri

Purpose To compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) with each other and to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) clinical staging in the pretreatment evaluation of early invasive cervical cancer, using surgicopathologic findings as the reference standard. Patients and Methods This prospective multicenter clinical study was conducted by the American College of Radiology Imaging Network and the Gynecologic Oncology Group from March 2000 to November 2002; 25 United States health centers enrolled 208 consecutive patients with biopsy-confirmed cervical cancer of FIGO stage ≥ IB who were scheduled for surgery based on clinical assessment. Patients underwent FIGO clinical staging, helical CT, and MRI. Surgicopathologic findings constituted the reference standard for statistical analysis. Results Complete data were available for 172 patients; surgicopathologic findings were consistent with FIGO stages IA to IIA in 76% and stage ≥ IIB in 21%. For the detection of advanced stage (≥ IIB), sensitivity was poor for FIGO clinical staging (29%), CT (42%), and MRI (53%); specificity was 99% for FIGO clinical staging, 82% for CT, and 74% for MRI; and negative predictive value was 84% for FIGO clinical staging, 84% for CT, and 85% for MRI. MRI (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.88) was significantly better than CT (AUC, 0.73) for detecting cervical tumors (P = .014). For 85% of patients, FIGO clinical staging forms were submitted after MRI and/or CT was performed. Conclusion CT and MRI performed similarly; both had lower staging accuracy than in prior single-institution studies. Accuracy of FIGO clinical staging was higher than previously reported. The temporal data suggest that FIGO clinical staging was influenced by CT and MRI findings.

scholarly journals Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Organized Hematoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuo Ohta ◽  
Tomoo Watanabe ◽  
Tsukasa Ito ◽  
Toshinori Kubota ◽  
Yusuke Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Pathological Characteristics ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
First Line Treatment ◽  
Ct And Mri ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

Objective. To study the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with organized hematoma with malignant features in maxillary sinuses.Subjects and Methods. This was a retrospective study of five patients who were treated surgically for organized hematoma. The preoperative CT and MRI findings were studied clinically. The expressions of CD31, CD34, and periostin in surgical samples were investigated by immunohistochemistry.Results. The clinical features of organized hematoma, such as a mass expanding from the maxillary sinus with bone destruction, resembled those of maxillary carcinoma. However, CT and MRI provided sufficient and useful information to differentiate this condition from malignancy. Surgical resection was the first-line treatment because of the presence of a firm capsule. Characteristic histopathological findings were a mixture of dilated vessels, hemorrhage, fibrin exudation, fibrosis, hyalinization, and neovascularization. The expressions of periostin, CD31, and CD34 were observed in organized hematoma of the maxillary sinus.Conclusion. The expressions of periostin, CD31, and CD34 were observed in organized hematoma of the maxillary sinus. Organized hematoma is characterized pathologically by a mixture of bleeding, dilated vessels, hemorrhage, fibrin exudation, fibrosis, hyalinization, and neovascularization. CT and MRI show heterogeneous findings reflecting a mixture of these pathological entities.

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of the methods for determining the somatic sex of an adult person with the use of a skull

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
I V Gaivoronsky ◽  
O M Fandeyeva ◽  
G I Nichiporuk ◽  
M G Gaivoronskaya
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Definition Of

The analysis of Russian and foreign literature on the definition of somatic sex on the skull is presented. Cranioscopic and craniometric approaches are considered in carrying out craniological studies and existing traditional and modern methods for their implementation. Cranioscopic studies reveal the advantages and disadvantages of W.M. Krogman, G. Acsadi, J. Nemeskeri and V.N. Zvyagina methods. It is shown that the method of V.N. Zvyagina, which includes 40 descriptive diagnostic signs, is the most informative. Its efficiency is 93,5%. The comparative analysis of the craniometric methods for studying the skull according to R. Martin and H. Welcker in the modification of A.P. Bogdanov and a number of English craniologists is presented. The authors point out that the Russian Forensic Center developed a craniological form, which includes 79 different sizes of a skull, by which is possible to determine not only the sex of a skull, but also the approximate age of a person. A comparative assessment of the Russian (V.I. Pashkova) and foreign (E. Giles) craniometric studies is presented. According to V.I. Pashkova using only craniometric techniques allows one to determine the sex of the skull only in 75-80%, and in the complex approach - in 80-93%. The method of E. Giles, based on the study of regression equations, is objective in 83-86%. Thus, studies of the sex determination by skull in an adult should be comprehensive, including both cranioscopic and craniometric techniques.

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