Study on the effect of fengycin on the respiration and metabolic mechanism of Penicillium expansum

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2047-2051
Author(s):  
Ruimin Fu ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
Xue Yang ◽  
Ding Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Mitochondrial Enzymes ◽  
Respiratory Metabolism ◽  
Mitochondrial Complex ◽  
Enzyme Activity Assay ◽  
Biuret Method

This study investigate the inhibiting effect of fengycin on respiration and nutrient utilization of Penicillium expansum. The respiratory inhibition rate of the P. expansum was determined by the test of dissolved oxygen fengycin, The effect of fengycin treatment on the activity of P. expansum mitochondrial complex enzyme was detected by mitochondrial enzyme activity assay. The ability of fengycin treatment to P. expansum the utilization of total sugar and total protein was determined by DNS colorimetric method and biuret method. After fengycin treatments, the TCA pathway of respiratory metabolism in P. expansum was inhibited. Besides, fengycin could block the gene expression in P. expansum by binding P. expansum mitochondrial complex enzyme II and III related genes. Therefore, the activity of mitochondrial enzymes was affected. With the increasement of fengycin concentration, the absorption and utilization capacity of P. expansum to total sugar and total protein decreased significantly. Fengycin could inhibit the respiratory metabolism and reduce the biochemical metabolism level in P. expansum and finally caused the growth inhibition.

scholarly journals EXERCISE-INDUCED CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF TOTAL PROTEIN AND ITS FRACTIONS IN THE BLOOD OF HORSES INVOLVED IN RECREATIONAL HORSEBACK RIDING

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Halyna Tkachenko ◽  
Natalia Kurhaluk ◽  
Irina Tkachova
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Horseback Riding ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Biuret Method ◽  
G Ratio ◽  
Resting Period

The aim of the current study was to do the analysis of the total protein and its fraction in the blood samples of horses, which are involved in recreational horseback riding in the Pomeranian region (Pomeranian Voivodship, northern Poland). Thirteen healthy adult horses from the Pomeranian region in Poland (Strzelinko village, N54°30´48.0´´ E16°57´44.9´´), aged 9.5±2.4 years, including 5 Hucul ponies, 2 Thoroughbred horses, 2 Anglo-Arabian horses, and 4 horses of unknown breed, were used in the current study.Training started at 10:00 AM, lasted 1 hour, and consisted of a ride of cross country by the walking (5 min), the trotting (15 min), the walking (10 min), the trotting (10 min), the walking (5 min), the galloping (5 min), and the walking (10 min). Blood samples were taken from the jugular veins of the animals in the morning time, 90 minutes after feeding, while the horses were in the stables (between 8:30 and 10 AM), and immediately after the exercise session (between 11:00 AM and 2:00 PM). To obtain serum, the blood was collected in plain tubes without anticoagulants. Blood was stored in tubes with K3-EDTA and held on ice until centrifugation at 3,000g for 15 minutes. The plasma was removed.The total protein and its fractions were measured at +23°C by the biuret method with the use of commercially available reagents and a compact semi-automated analyzer RX Monza (Randox Laboratories LTD., UK) according to the procedures described by the manufacturer. The biuret method is the most widely used colorimetric method for the determination of the total protein concentration in serum because of its simplicity, precision, and accuracy. The absorbance of each sample was measured in duplicate.Results are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. All variables were tested for normal distribution using the Kholmogorov-Smirnov test (p>0.05). To find significant differences (significance level, p<0.05) between at the rest and after exercise, the Wilconson signed-rank test was applied to the data. All statistical analyses were performed using STATISTICA 8.0 software (StatSoft, Krakow, Poland). The total protein level in the blood of horses exhibited a non-significant increase (by 7.1%, p>0.05) immediately after exercise as compared to the resting period. Also, the albumin and globulin levels in the blood of horses were non-significantly increased by 5.9% (р>0.05) and 8.1% (р>0.05) after the training sessions. There were no significant differences in serum albumin/globulin ratio between the resting period and after exercise (0.997±0.09 vs. 0.977±0.08). The results of our current study showed that exercise has a statistically non-significant effect on the total proteins and their fractions in equine serum. The fractions and the A/G ratio were within the range of values obtained in horses in other studies. Thus, it was found that total protein and its fractions were increased in horses after training, and this increase was insignificant. This increase has a direct correlation with exercise. In this paper, it is shown that training can change the physiology and affect the biochemistry of hematobiochemical blood parameters in horses subjected to physical exertion.

Assay of cerebrospinal fluid protein: a rate biuret method evaluated.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
P R Finley ◽  
R J Williams
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Reaction Cell ◽  
Biuret Method ◽  
Automated Instrument ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein

Abstract We evaluated a rate colorimetric method (Beckman) for measuring total protein in cerebrospinal fluid. The automated instrument we used was Beckman's ASTRA TM. A 100-microL sample of spinal fluid is introduced into the biuret reagent in the reaction cell and the increase in absorbance at 545 nm is monitored for 20.5 s. Solid-state circuits determine the rate of alkaline biuret-protein chelate formation, which is directly proportional to the total protein concentration in the sample. The linear range of measurement is 120 to 7500 mg/L. Day-to-day precision (CV) over the range of 150 to 1200 mg/L ranged from 15.2 to 2.3%. The method was unaffected by radical alteration of the albumin/globulin ratio, but there is a positive interference in the presence of hemoglobin, a suppression in the presence of bilirubin, and no effect by xanthochromia. The method is precise, accurate, rapid, and convenient. The method was compared with the trichloroacetic acid method as performed on the Du Pont aca III, giving a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9693. The method is precise, accurate, rapid, and convenient.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on the Effects of Using Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Linum Usitatissimum and Rosa Damascena on Liver Function in Adult Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mehdi Padam ◽  
◽  
Ameneh Khoshvaghti ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Aims: Damage to liver tissue and its dysfunction is very important and if left untreated, it can cause serious problems and even death. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Linum usitatissimum and Rosa damascena on liver enzymes, total protein, bilirubin, albumin, and serum glucose levels. Materials and Methods: This is a non-randomized clinical trial conducted on 42 male rats divided into 6 groups; control group (group 1) received only sufficient water and food, groups 1 and 2 received 300 and 500 mg/ kgB.W Linum usitatissimum extract, groups 3 and 4 received 500 and 1000 mg/ kgB.W Rosa damascena, and group 6 received 100 mg/ kgB.W Linum usitatissimum plus 250 mg/ kgB.W Rosa damascena extracts intraperitoneally for 28 days. After the last injection, the rats were weighed and their blood samples were collected. The study parameters were measured using a colorimetric method by a spectrophotometer, and then were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test in SPSS V. 25 at a significance level of P<0.05. Findings: There was no significant difference between alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total and direct bilirubin levels in the control group in comparison with other groups (P>0.05). In the groups received Rosa damascena extract, there was a significant difference between total protein and albumin levels compared to the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, there was a significant difference between serum glucose and aspartate aminotransferase in the control group compared to other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Linum usitatissimum and Rosa damascena have no negative effect on the liver function. The probability of diarrhea occurrence and the possible effects on the total protein and serum albumin after using Rosa damascena, and the effects of different doses of Linum usitatissimum on the glucose levels should be taken into account.

Effects of dextran on five biuret-based procedures for total protein in serum.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2018-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D B Barnes ◽  
G F Pierce ◽  
D Lichti ◽  
M Landt ◽  
J Koenig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Biuret Method ◽  
Automated Instruments ◽  
Roche Cobas

Abstract We evaluated the effect of dextran on values for total protein in serum as measured by the biuret method with five widely used automated instruments: the American Monitor Parallel; the Du Pont aca II; the Roche Cobas-Bio; the Kodak Ektachem 400; and the Beckman Astra 8. Dextran concentrations as great as 25 or 30 g/L had relatively little or no influence on total protein measurements by the latter three instruments. Dextran concentrations exceeding 6 g/L caused falsely low results with the aca, whereas the Parallel gave falsely high results when the dextran concentration exceeded 2 g/L. The aca total protein procedure could be protected from the interference by dextran concentrations up to 30 g/L by injecting 0.4-0.8 mL of ethylene glycol directly into the reagent pack before sampling. However, we could not eliminate the interference with the Parallel procedure by any simple means; we thus recommend that it not be used for measuring total protein in serum samples from patients who are being treated with dextran.

Concentration of dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid but not lithium heparin affects total protein determination in equine synovial fluid

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 (8) ◽  
pp. e62-e62
Author(s):  
Pablo Jimenez Rihuete ◽  
Nicolas Villarino ◽  
Alicja Pelisiak ◽  
Luis M Rubio-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Protein Determination ◽  
Collection Tube ◽  
Refractometric Determination ◽  
Biuret Method

BackgroundRefractometric determination of total protein (TP) in synovial fluid (SF) is commonly used for diagnosis and monitoring of synovial sepsis in horses. Previous studies have shown that elevated concentrations of certain anticoagulants may overestimate refractometric determination of TP concentration.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of dipotassium EDTA (K2EDTA) and lithium heparin (LH) on TP determination by using a hand-held refractometer in equine synovial fluid.Study designCross-section observational study.MethodsThirty samples of synovial fluid obtained from 22 horses with different synovial conditions were collected. Synovial fluid samples were separated into different aliquots and placed in commercially available collection tubes containing K2EDTA or LH at four different concentrations (1.76, 3.52, 7.04 and 17.6 mg/ml for K2EDTA; 16, 32, 64 and 160 IU/ml for LH) . Refractometric TP determination was performed on untreated and K2EDTA and LH aliquots with a hand-held refractometer and by spectophotometric Biuret method as the gold standard.ResultsRefractometric TP determination was overestimated in SF samples containing 10 times the recommended K2EDTA concentrations. Lower concentrations of K2EDTA and LH concentrations did not affect refractometric TP determinations.Main limitationsLimited number of samples mostly obtained from large synovial structures.ConclusionTo avoid incorrect TP determination, the use of LH containing collection tubes may be an appropriate alternative when the SF volume available is not enough to fill the K2EDTA collection tube.

Biochemical changes in susceptible and resistant black gram cultivars induced by root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Nayak ◽  
Ritu Kumari Pandey ◽  
Robert Lepcha ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Kar
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents

Biochemical changes in black gram varieties inoculated with root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita were investigated. Observations were recorded in the biochemical modifications relating to various parameters like total chlorophyll , total sugar contents, protein, and proline content during post infection periods. The variation in total chlorophyll, total protein, proline and total sugar content in six cultivars i.e PU 09-36(S), MU-44(S) ,VBG 11-031(R) ,VBG 11-016(R) ,KUG- 715 (R)and NUL- 205(R) were studied 45 days after inoculation . Reduced percentage of total chlorophyll contents were observed in inoculated samples than the healthy counterparts. However, an increase in amount of total protein ,proline and total sugar contents was observed in the diseased tissues.

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