scholarly journals Volume, Freshwater, and Heat Fluxes through Davis Strait, 2004–05*

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Curry ◽  
C. M. Lee ◽  
B. Petrie
Keyword(s):  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
First Year ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
The West ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
Freshwater Fluxes ◽  
Davis Strait ◽  
Island Shelf ◽  
Southward Transport

Abstract Davis Strait volume [−2.3 ± 0.7 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1); negative sign indicates southward transport], freshwater (−116 ± 41 mSv), and heat (20 ± 9 TW) fluxes estimated from objectively mapped 2004–05 moored array data do not differ significantly from values based on a 1987–90 array but are distributed differently across the strait. The 2004–05 array provided the first year-long measurements in the upper 100 m and over the shelves. The upper 100 m accounts for 39% (−0.9 Sv) of the net volume and 59% (−69 mSv) of the net freshwater fluxes. Shelf contributions are small: 0.4 Sv (volume), 15 mSv (freshwater), and 3 TW (heat) from the West Greenland shelf and −0.1 Sv, −7 mSv, and 1 TW from the Baffin Island shelf. Contemporaneous measurements of the Baffin Bay inflows and outflows indicate that volume and freshwater budgets balance to within 26% and 4%, respectively, of the net Davis Strait outflow. Davis Strait volume and freshwater fluxes nearly equal those from Fram Strait, indicating that both are significant Arctic freshwater pathways.

scholarly journals Early Tertiary, low-potassium tholeiites from exploration wells on the West Greenland shelf

1987 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
N Hald ◽  
J.G Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Baffin Island ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
Davis Strait ◽  
Low Potassium

Data on the Tertiary basalts in the Davis Strait region are reported from two exploration wells drilled by Arco and Mobil on the West Greenland shelf. Hellefisk 1 (67°53 'N, 56°44'W), situated only 60 km east of the mid-line in Davis Strait, penetrated the upper 690 m of a subaeriallava sequence continuous with the onshore volcanics of Disko and situated beneath 2.3 km of Paleocene to Quaternary sediments. The lavas are feldspar microporphyritic tholeiites and mostly unmetamorphosed despite the presence of laumontite and prehnite in the vesicular top zones. Nukik 2 (65°38'N, 54°46'W) penetrated 150 m of hyaloclastites and tholeiitic olivine dolerite sheets, presumably sills, some 200 km further to the south. These vo1canics are also deeply buried and are of unknown extension. The drilled rocks, except for the much altered hyaloclastites in the Nukik 2 well, have low contents of Ti02 (0.99-2.03%), K2O (0.09-0.18%) and P2O5 (0.08-0.21%), La/Sm ratios less than one and 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.7032 to 0.7044. Chemically they are related to the MORB-like picrites of Baffin Island rather than the less depleted tholeiites of West Greenland. In both areas the MORB affinity may be related to eruptions through a strongly attenuated lithosphere associated with the opening of Baffin Bay and Davis Strait.

Tertiary basalts of western Davis Strait: bedrock core samples and geophysical data

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. MacLean ◽  
R. K. H. Falconer ◽  
D. B. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Anomaly ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Geophysical Data ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Main Area ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Core Samples ◽  
Davis Strait ◽  
Island Shelf

Short bedrock cores of basalt were recovered at two localities on the Baffin Island shelf, 33 and 89 km southeast of Cape Dyer. The volcanic rocks underlying these sites have a surface extent of some 8000 km2 as outlined by seismic reflection and magnetic anomaly profiles. Similar rocks are inferred to occur at two smaller offshore areas south of the main area. The offshore occurrences are both more continuous and much larger than the onshore basalt areas of eastern Baffin Island.The core samples appear to have been cut from single flows consisting of fine-grained microporphyritic basalts with olivine as the principal phenocryst phase. Although having distinct differences from one another in terms of texture and degree of alteration, the samples from the three drill stations bear similarities to the Baffin Island basalts that suggest a close petrogenetic relationship may exist between the onshore and offshore basalts. However, in contrast to the subaqueously erupted volcanic breccias of onshore Baffin Island and West Greenland the offshore samples contain little evidence of glass, suggesting the possibility that the latter may have been erupted in a subaerial environment.

scholarly journals Cretaceous and Cenozoic dinoflagellate cysts and other palynomorphs from the western and eastern margins of the Labrador–Baffin Seaway

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 1-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Fensome ◽  
Henrik Nøhr-Hansen ◽  
Graham L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
New Combination ◽  
Labrador Sea ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The West ◽  
Palynological Analysis ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
Davis Strait ◽  
History Of ◽  
Greenland Margin ◽  
Plant Microfossil

New palynological analysis of samples from 13 offshore wells on the Canadian Margin and six wells on the West Greenland Margin has led to a new event biostratigraphic framework for Cretaceous–Cenozoic strata of the Labrador Sea – Davis Strait – Baffin Bay (Labrador–Baffin Seaway) region. This framework is based on about 150 dinoflagellate cyst taxa and 30 acritarch, algal, fungal and plant microfossil (mostly miospore) taxa. In the systematics we include three new genera of dinocysts (Scalenodinium, Simplicidinium and Taurodinium), 16 new species of dinocysts (Chiropteridium gilbertii, Chytroeisphaeridia hadra, Cleistosphaeridium elegantulum, Cleistosphaeridium palmatum, Dapsilidinium pseudoinsertum, Deflandrea borealis, Evittosphaerula? foraminosa, Ginginodinium? flexidentatum, Hystrichosphaeridium quadratum, Hystrichostrogylon digitus, Impletosphaeridium apodastum, Scalenodinium scalenum, Surculosphaeridium convocatum, Talladinium pellis, Taurodinium granulatum and Trithyrodinium? conservatum), four emendations of dinocyst genera (Alterbidinium, Chatangiella, Chiropteridium and Surculosphaeridium), six new combinations for dinocyst species (Alterbidinium biaperturum, Deflandrea majae, Kleithriasphaeridium mantellii, Simplicidinium insolitum, Spongodinium grossum, Spongodinium obscurum), one new acritarch species (Fromea quadrangularis), one new miospore species (Baculatisporites crenulatus) and one new combination for miospores (Tiliaepollenites crassipites). Most of the taxa included provide age information, almost exclusively last occurrences (range ‘tops’), but some are useful mainly for environmental interpretations. Collectively, they provide a powerful tool for helping to establish the geological history of the Labrador–Baffin Seaway.  

Geophysical and Geological Studies in Eastern and Northern Baffin Bay and Lancaster Sound

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 689-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Keen ◽  
J. Johnson ◽  
I. Park
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Magnetic Anomalies ◽  
Ocean Basin ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Acoustic Basement ◽  
Volcanic Province ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
Basement Ridge ◽  
Magnetic Lineations

Baffin Bay is a small ocean basin. The northern continental slope of the bay has an anomalously gentle gradient because a greater quantity of sediment has been deposited on this margin, unlike those to east and west. The sedimentary rocks of the bay can be divided into two distinctive groups; deformed sediments are seen shoreward, associated with rise in (acoustic) basement, folding and faulting, and large magnetic anomalies. There is some evidence for deformed sediment underlying undeformed sediment in the central deep part of northern Baffin Bay, and some slight suggestion of a basement ridge in this area. Undeformed sediment overlies deformed sediment close to the margin off Lancaster Sound and Bylot Island. The volcanic province of western Greenland extends offshore and appears to be fault-bounded on its eastern margin. Precambrian gneisses lie to the east of this offshore volcanic province. The basalts are overlain by relatively young sediments to the west. There is a suggestion that the basalts are fault bounded to the west. We have not established continuity of Tertiary basalts between western Greenland and Baffin Island. There is no evidence for or against the existence of magnetic lineations in northern Baffin Bay.

21.—The History of the North Water

1972 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moira Dunbar ◽  
M. J. Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
Open Water ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
The North ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Bylot Island ◽  
North Water ◽  
North Part ◽  
History Of

In 1616 William Baffin, coasting up the icebound west coast of Greenland, reported: ‘The first of July we were come into an open sea, in the latitude of 75 degrees 40 minutes, which a new revived our hope of a passage…’ (Purchas 1625). From this point, at an unspecified longitude in the north part of Melville Bay, he cruised for 12 days in open water, up the Greenland coast to 77°30'N and down the west side of Baffin Bay to Bylot Island, seeing and naming on the way Smith, Jones, and Lancaster sounds. From Bylot Island south he found ‘a ledge of ice between the shoare and us’ as he continued past Pond Inlet and down the coast of Baffin Island. This is the first mention in written records, and the first known navigation, of an area that became well known two centuries later as the ‘North Water’.

Chukchi Sea, Southern Ocean, Kara Sea: the polar voyages of Captain Eduard Dallmann, whaler, trader, explorer 1830–96

Polar Record ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Barr ◽  
Reinhard Krause ◽  
Peter-Michael Pawlik
Keyword(s):  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
The West ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
The Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Davis Strait ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
The Tropics

Eduard Dallmann, of Blumenthal on the lower Weser, went to sea at the age of 15 in 1845. He took command of his first ship, the whaling vessel Planet, in 1859 on a whaling voyage to the sperm whaling grounds in the Pacific and to the Sea of Okhotsk. Over the period 1864–66 he commanded the Hawaiian vessel W.C. Talbot on trading voyages to the Alaskan and Chukotka shores of the Bering and Chukchi seas. On 17 August 1866 he sighted and landed on Ostrov Vrangelya (Wrangel Island), a year prior to its sighting by Thomas Long, credited by many with the first sighting. For the following three years he commanded the whaling ship Count Bismarck on a whaling cruise to the tropics, the Sea of Okhotsk, and the Bering and Chukchi seas. In 1873–74 he made the first Antarctic whaling voyage aboard Groenland, and discovered and charted the west coasts of Anvers, Brabant, and Liège islands, as well as many smaller islands and straits including Bismarck Strait. He spent the 1875 whaling season as expert consultant, still aboard Groenland, on the Davis Strait and Baffin Bay whaling grounds. Then, to complete his career in polar waters, from 1877 to 1883 he made annual attempts to haul freight to the mouth of the Yenisey River, to be exchanged for grain cargoes brought down that river by barge. Of the seven attempts, only four were successful, the rest being foiled by ice conditions in the Kara Sea, and on the basis of this record, Baron von Knoop, the Russian entrepreneur who was financing the operation, decided to cut his losses. This ended Dallmann's career in polar waters.

scholarly journals A genetic comparison of West Greenland and Baffin Island (Canada) walruses: Management implications

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liselotte Wesley Andersen ◽  
Erik W Born ◽  
Robert EA Stewart ◽  
Rune Dietz ◽  
DW Doidge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baffin Island ◽  
Sustainable Harvest ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Odobenus Rosmarus ◽  
Davis Strait ◽  
Intense Exploitation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Genetic Comparison

Until recently Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) have been subject to relatively intense exploitation in West Greenland. Animals in this stock have also been hunted in Nunavut/Canada. However, the demographic identity of these animals and their connection with walruses in neighbouring areas is poorly resolved, hampering the determination of sustainable harvest levels. It has been suggested that walruses in West Greenland are genetically linked with walruses at SE Baffin Island (Canada) where they are also hunted for subsistence purposes. To determine the relationship(s) between walruses in these areas we conducted a genetic analysis including recent samples from West Greenland, Southeast Baffin Island in western Davis Strait, Hudson Strait in Canada and Northwest Greenland in northern Baffin Bay. Seventeen microsatellite markers were applied to all samples. Walruses in West Greenland and at Southeast Baffin Island did not differ from each other and therefore may be regarded as belonging to the same stock. However, walruses in these two areas differed genetically from both Northwest Greenland and Hudson Strait walruses. These findings support (1) that there are subunits within the range of walruses in the Hudson Strait-Davis Strait-Baffin Bay region and (2) that walruses along E Baffin Island and W Greenland constitute a common population that receive some influx from Hudson Strait. Thus, sustainable catch levels in Southeast Baffin Island (Nunavut) and in West Greenland must be set in light of the finding that they belong to the same stock, which is exploited in these two areas. This requires Canadian-Greenlandic co-management of the W Greenland-SE Baffin Island walrus stock.

Changes in the silt- and clay-size mineralogy of sediments at Ocean Drilling Program site 645B, Baffin Bay

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2448-2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Baffin Island ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ocean Drilling Program ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
Ocean Drilling ◽  
Limited Supply ◽  
Detrital Carbonate ◽  
Island Shelf

Site 645B, Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) leg 105, was cored in 2010 m water depth off the eastern margin of Baffin Island. A 279 m core was dated as extending back to ca. 2 Ma. Samples of sediment were analyzed for their silt- and clay-size mineralogy using X-ray diffraction techniques. Constrained cluster analysis on these data defined three units, which indicated that significant changes in mineralogies occurred at approximately 75 m below sea floor (bsf) (ca. 0.5 Ma) and 155 m bsf (ca. 1.15 Ma). These boundaries coincide closely with units IA–IB and IB–II as designated in the ODP shipboard reports, and which were based on detrital carbonate and sand contents. Unit II (1.2–2 Ma) is characterized by zero clay-size calcite and high amounts of clay-size smectite and silt-size mica. Unit IB (0.5 – 1.15 Ma) is noteworthy for the first presence of clay-size calcite, high amounts of detrital dolomite, and a peak in clay-size kaolinite. The uppermost unit IA (0–0.5 Ma) is characterized by consistently high values of clay-size dolomite and sand. Compared with sediments on the adjacent eastern Baffin Island shelf and fiords, the sediments at ODP site 645B are enhanced in the amounts of carbonate, smectite, and kaolinite, and depleted in both silt- and clay-size mica and feldspar. This pattern suggests a limited supply of sediment is transported from Baffin Island into Baffin Bay.

scholarly journals The variability of Baffin Bay seafloor sediment mineralogy: the identification of discrete glacial sediment sources and application to Late Quaternary downcore analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 620-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Andrews ◽  
Anna J. Klein ◽  
Kimberly A. Jenner ◽  
Anne E. Jennings ◽  
Calvin Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Sediment Sources ◽  
The West ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Mineral Assemblages

Quantitative X-ray diffraction (qXRD) mineralogy of bedrock, ice-rafted, and fluvial clasts, 239 seafloor samples (<2 mm), and samples from two long piston cores were used to (i) define regional patterns and sources within Baffin Bay, (ii) evaluate two areas from west Greenland and east Baffin Island in more detail, and (iii) apply these findings to the interpretation of downcore variations in sediment sources. A sediment-unmixing program is used to define surface regional mineral assemblages and to examine changes in sediment sources in cores HU2013029-77PC (southern Baffin Island slope) and HU2008029-8PC (Davis Strait) during Marine Isotope Stages 1 through 3. Distinct regional patterns are observed in the association between the mineralogy of surface sediments and carbonate and basalt bedrock outcrops. Detailed analysis of seafloor samples from the west Greenland troughs and Baffin Island fjords show regional differences in mineralogy, with sediments derived from the Foxe Fold Belt (north-central Baffin Island) being mineralogically distinct from sediments to the north and south. Grain-size spectra from the west Greenland troughs suggested an association between grain-size spectra and mineral assemblages. Sediment unmixing of qXRD data from the two piston cores shows discrete intervals where one or more mineral sources were dominant. However, chronological control is such that it is unclear whether the various ice streams draining into Baffin Bay behaved synchronously.

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