scholarly journals Eritrea’s Chosen Trauma and the Legacy of the Martyrs: The Impact of Postmemory on Political Identity Formation of Second-Generation Diaspora Eritreans

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Nicole Hirt
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Social Media Analysis ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
The Impact

In the collective memory of Eritreans, the liberation struggle against Ethiopia symbolises the heroic fight of their fallen martyrs against oppression. After independence, the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front created an autocratic regime, which is adored by many second-generation diaspora Eritreans living in democracies. I engage with bodies of literature exploring the political importance of collective trauma in post-conflict societies and apply two theoretical notions, “postmemory” and “chosen trauma,” to explain how the government’s narrative of Eritrean history produced a culture of nationalism through the glorification of the martyrs. This narrative and the trauma experienced by their parents created experiences of postmemory among the second-generation diaspora that have influenced their worldview. I demonstrate how Eritrean pro-government activists utilise US-born artists who recently discovered their Eritreanness, such as Tiffany Haddish, to instil long-distance nationalism. The article is based on a social media analysis, long-term observation of Eritrean diaspora communities, and recent fieldwork.

scholarly journals Zoom fatigue wśród nastolatków

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-178
Author(s):  
Ewa Pudłowska
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
School Psychologist ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Stanford University ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
School Activities ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to analyze a new social phenomenon that appeared during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, i.e. zoom fatigue. Zoom fatigue is the result of fatigue from long-term conferences, which can also be related to long-term school lessons during distance learning. The main considerations will focus on teenagers, namely on the impact of zoom fatigue on teenagers in Polish schools and on observation of students from technical secondary schools by a school psychologist. This paper, based on the results of research conducted at Stanford University and by Social Changes, is also an attempt to answer the questions: what risks may arise from the phenomenon of zoom fatigue and the threat posed by distance learning for teenagers in the era of Covid-19. It will also attempt to answer the question of how to help students cope with the fatigue of long distance school activities and find ways to help teens deal with isolation and the negative effects of zoom fatigue and find ways to overcome zoom fatigue.

Computational Journalism Analysis on Young Adults' Body Images and Attitudes Toward Plastic Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-108
Author(s):  
Chutisant Kerdvibulvech ◽  
Pattaragun Wanishwattana
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Social Media Analysis ◽  
Body Images ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
The Impact

Computational journalism, especially social media analysis, is a very popular field in computational science. This study was conducted to explore and analyze the impact of the intensity of the exposure to social media on young Thai adults' body images and attitudes toward plastic surgery. The purposive sampling method was used for choosing 250 young Thai men and women aged 21 to 40 who used Facebook and/or Instagram on a regular basis. Online survey questionnaires were posted on Facebook for one month to achieve the results. It was found that young Thai adults frequently and heavily used both social media. Having appearance pressure from and repeated social comparison with idealistic media images, a considerable number of participants displayed more negative self-perceptions and engaged in appearance-changing strategies through increased appearance investment. The results showed that the more these young adults were exposed to social media, the more they were likely to develop a negative body image of themselves, which later caused their attitude toward plastic surgery to be positive.

Revisiting the nexus between financial development, FDI, and growth: New evidence from second generation econometric procedures in the Turkish context

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Güngör ◽  
Salih Katircioglu ◽  
Mehmet Mercan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Multiple Structural Breaks ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

This study investigates the impact of the selected financial development proxies and foreign direct investment (FDI) on the growth in the case of Turkey, using annual data for the 1960–2011 period. The second-generation econometric procedure has been applied for the first time to the Turkish data with this respect. Unit root tests by Carrion-i-Silvestre et al. (2009) assume that real income, financial development proxies, and FDI are non-stationary at levels, but become stationary at first differences through multiple structural breaks. Cointegration results by Maki (2012) confirm the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship between real income growth, financial development, and FDI, again through multiple structural breaks. Finally, this paper confirms that financial development and FDI are long-term drivers of real income, which enable it to react to its long-term path significantly.

Mapping the Demos: The Scientisation of the Political, Electoral Research and Dutch Political Parties, c. 1900–1980

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
WIM DE JONG ◽  
HARM KAAL
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Mass Psychology ◽  
Party Strategies ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Impact

The ‘scientisation of the political’, understood as the increasing influence of social science within twentieth century (party) politics, provides insight into politicians’ conceptions of political representation and the shifts in those conceptions over time. Social science based knowledge exerted a profound effect on how parties approached political identity formation and on their perceptions of the electorate. Based on a Dutch case study, this article tracks the impact of electoral geography and mass psychology and, from the 1940s onwards, electoral research and polling data on party strategies, showing the important role played by party political think tanks which acted as hubs of social-scientific knowledge. Comparisons with British and West German political parties reveal the complex reception and negotiation of social scientific insights regarding the nature and behaviour of the electorate, as well as the persistence of ingrained stereotypes.

scholarly journals Leadership and Post-Conflict State Rebuilding: Iraq after 2003 Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inass Abdulsada Ali ◽  
Sana Kadhim Qati Qati ◽  
Batool Hussain Alwan
Keyword(s):  
Post Conflict ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Leadership Crisis ◽  
Building Leaders ◽  
Democratic Action ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
The Impact

The Iraqi political and social arena has been characterized, subjectively and objectively, by the weakness of leadership building. This has led to a leadership crisis, reflected in the quality of the outcome of the process of rebuilding the state in Iraq. Thus, this building process lacked the simplest requirements and conditions of success. It suffered from a major and obvious failure: the situation in Iraq has raised conflict leaders, not building leaders, and this confirms the existence of a cultural crisis in the production of conscious, aware leadership compatible with democratic action. The weakness of the leadership in Iraq is reflected in a series of ongoing crises that require radical solutions in accordance with long-term strategic plans; the crises are especially reflected in the absence of building visions and the predominance of self-interest, along with the impact of social reality on leadership practices, which has an adverse effect on state-building.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Media dalam Pengekalan Identiti Etnik Generasi Kedua Bawean di Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 347-362
Author(s):  
Muhamamd Ridhwan Sarifin Sarifin ◽  
◽  
Mohamad Fauzi Sukimi ◽  
Mohd Nor Shahizan Ali ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Broadcast Media ◽  
The Social ◽  
Library Studies ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Media Using on the Maintenance Ethnic Identity of the Second Generation of the Bawean in Malaysia ABSTRACT The formation of identity is derived from biology and the social environment. The biology of genetics is still ongoing. Whereas the social environment is affected by the surrounding environment. In modern times, identity formation remained largely influenced by media platforms. This article is intended to uncover the media platform used by the second generation of Bawean people. Second, this article discusses the media’s impact on the retention of their identities, especially the second generation of Bawean people. This study is based on a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with specialised informants and library studies. Interviews were analysed on the basis of questions of identity formation derived from the model of Hong et al. (2001). The study found that the platform media used by the second generation are electronic media, including social media and broadcast media, such as radio and television. Print media is part of a collection that is kept for learning. The impact of media uses affects responses to physical characteristics, personality, skills, psychological processes and rights and responsibilities. This media platform directly affirms and retains their ethnic identity. Maintaining ethnic identity Bawean can be preserved as each generation has the awareness and responsibility to promote their ethnic identity through media. Keywords: Platform media, ethnic identity, second generation, Bawean people, Malaysia.

scholarly journals Investing in Change: Education, Transitional Justice and Impact in the Colombian Peacebuilding Process

2017 ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Sam Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Educational Initiatives ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Transformative Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sensitive Issues

<p>Investment in educational initiatives as transitional or transformative mechanisms in societies trying to build peace is often limited by several assumptions. First, it is often held as that education is largely a tool of prevention, and that the impact of the initiatives cannot be measured. Second, children are considered only as the «future generation» who will «inherit» the society, reducing their value to their future potential and undermining their agency in the present. Third, since introducing sensitive issues into the formal education system is politically difficult and risks reopening old wounds, it is held that educational initiatives are dependent on, and thus secondary to, a sustained reconciliation or peacebuilding process. As a result of these assumptions, education is often shelved as a long-term, developmental issue in post-conflict societies, and does not benefit from the resources brought by the «peace dividend.» This article seeks to deconstruct these assumptions, and argue that educational initiatives in fact have an observable, measurable, transformative impact on individuals, groups and societies. If this impact is supported and sustained by economic and political investment, education can play a central role in peacebuilding and transformative initiatives.</p><p><strong>Received</strong>: 01 August 2015<br /><strong>Accepted</strong>: 15 October 2015<br /><strong>Published online</strong>: 11 December 2017</p>

scholarly journals Current assessment results of the efficacy and safety of scleroplasty in progressive myopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
E. N. Iomdina ◽  
E. P. Tarutta ◽  
G. A. Markosian ◽  
J. I. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Material ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Current Assessment ◽  
Progressive Myopia ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Observation Results

The purpose of the review is to analyze the data of recent studies (performed in the last two decades) of the efficacy and safety of sclera reinforcement surgeries for progressive myopia in children and adults. Short-term and long-term observation results are presented, indicating the impact of the initial degree of myopia, the patient's age, surgical technique and the choice of plastic material on the outcome of the intervention and the further course of the myopic process. The advantages of a biologically active synthetic graft are described, which makes it possible to deposit drugs that stimulate scleral crosslinking and have a biomechanical, trophic and hemodynamic effect. Crosslinking of scleral collagen is a promising approach to the treatment of myopia.

scholarly journals Nrf2 Enhances Cholangiocyte Expansion in Pten-Deficient Livers

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 900-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Taguchi ◽  
Ikuo Hirano ◽  
Tohru Itoh ◽  
Minoru Tanaka ◽  
Atsushi Miyajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Mutant ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Double Deletion ◽  
Polycystic Liver ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Abnormal Expansion

Keap1-Nrf2 system plays a central role in the stress response. While Keap1 ubiquitinates Nrf2 for degradation under unstressed conditions, this Keap1 activity is abrogated in response to oxidative or electrophilic stresses, leading to Nrf2 stabilization and coordinated activation of cytoprotective genes. We recently found that nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 is significantly increased by simultaneous deletion of Pten and Keap1, resulting in the stronger activation of Nrf2 target genes. To clarify the impact of the cross talk between the Keap1-Nrf2 and Pten–phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase–Akt pathways on the liver pathophysiology, in this study we have conducted closer analysis of liver-specificPten::Keap1double-mutant mice (Pten::Keap1-Alb mice). The Pten::Keap1-Alb mice were lethal by 1 month after birth and displayed severe hepatomegaly with abnormal expansion of ductal structures comprising cholangiocytes in a Nrf2-dependent manner. Long-term observation of Pten::Keap1-Alb::Nrf2+/−mice revealed that the Nrf2-heterozygous mice survived beyond 1 month but developed polycystic liver fibrosis by 6 months. Gsk3 directing the Keap1-independent degradation of Nrf2 was heavily phosphorylated and consequently inactivated by the double deletion ofPtenandKeap1genes. Thus, liver-specific disruption ofKeap1andPtenaugments Nrf2 activity through inactivation of Keap1-dependent and -independent degradation of Nrf2 and establishes the Nrf2-dependent molecular network promoting the hepatomegaly and cholangiocyte expansion.

Assessment of exposure loads of chemicals in workers of the main professions of aluminum production in Eastern Siberia

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 406-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina M. Meshchakova ◽  
Alexey V. Merinov ◽  
Salim F. Shayakhmetov ◽  
Lyudmila G. Lisetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Electrolysis ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Chemical Factor ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
The Aluminum Industry ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. In the production of aluminum, one of the main adverse factors is the air pollution of the working area with f uorine-containing compounds and dust-gas-aerosol mixture, the impact of which can lead to health problems in workers. When establishing the connection of morbidity with the profession, it is important to assess the exposure loads of harmful substances. T is aspect of research in the aluminum industry is not suf iiently covered in the literature. T e aim of the study is to quantify the exposure loads of priority toxicants in workers of the main professions of aluminum production, depending on the applied technologies of aluminum electrolysis. Materials and methods. Exposure loads (EL) of chemicals at workers of aluminum production were calculated taking into account the data of a long-term assessment of the working area air for the content of the main harmful substances in workshops with technology of self-baking anode (TSA) and modernized using technology of prebaked anode (TPA). Results. It has been established that with the use of the traditional electrolysis technology (TSA), the average annual EL indicators in the professions of the electrolysis cell, anodechik and crane operators f uctuated noticeably in the dynamics of long-term observation, exceeding the indicators of the control EL. It is shown that the modernized electrolysis technology (TPA) allows to reduce the EL indicators of chemicals, with the exception of hydrof uoride — one of the priority components of the chemical factor. T e actual EL indicators of this substance in the professional groups did not depend on the applied electrolysis technology and, as before, exceeded the EL control indicators. Conclusions: Calculations of EL by harmful substances in the production of aluminum have shown that when using TSA, electrolysis cells and anodetes experience the greatest EL, exceeding control indicators, and the lowest  — crane operators. T e transition to a modernized TPA leads to a decrease in the EL indicators, with the exception of the hydrof uoride, a priority component of the chemical factor.

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