Immunoreactive Aldolase C in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Neurological Disorders

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
V J C Willson ◽  
J G Graham ◽  
I N F McQueen ◽  
R J Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Elution Profile ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Aldolase C ◽  
Human Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brain Extracts ◽  
The Mean

Nervous-system specific aldolase C has been detected in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by radioimmunoassay. Measurement of 138 samples of CSF showed a mean level of 92 ± 28 ng/ml. There was no correlation between the level of CSF aldolase C and the CSF total protein, albumin, IgG, or IgA levels. Aldolase C immunoreactivity present in concentrated CSF diluted out in parallel with the standard curve in the assay and showed an elution profile on ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography similar to that of aldolase present in whole human brain extracts. Addition of known quantities of purified aldolase C4 to CSF gave quantitative recovery on subsequent radioimmunoassay. Measurement of aldolase C in the CSF of 66 patients with neurological disorders showed several patients with levels considerably in excess of 120 ng/ml, but there was no statistically significant difference in the mean levels between groups of patients with different diseases.

scholarly journals Oligoclonal IgG bands in the cerebrospinal fluid of portuguese patients with multiple sclerosis: negative results indicate benign disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 63 (2b) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José Sá ◽  
Lucinda Sequeira ◽  
Maria Edite Rio ◽  
Edward J. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Benign Disease ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oligoclonal Igg ◽  
Oligoclonal Igg Bands

We assessed the frequency of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) restricted oligoclonal IgG bands (IgG-OCB) in Portuguese multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and its relationship with outcome. Paired CSF/serum samples of 406 patients with neurological disorders were submitted to isoelectric focusing with immunodetection of IgG. Ninety-two patients had definite MS; non-MS cases were assembled in groups inflammatory/infectious diseases (ID, n=141) and other/controls (OD, n=173). We found in the MS group: mean duration, 38.9 months; clinically isolated syndromes, 24%; relapsing/remitting course (RR), 65%; in RR patients the mean EDSS was 2.1 and the mean index of progression was 0.31. Positive patterns significantly predominated in MS (82.6%; ID, 40.4%; OD, 3.5%). The sensitivity and the specificity of positive IgG-OCB for MS diagnosis was 82.6% and 79.9%, respectively. The sole statistically significant difference in the MS group was the lower progression index observed in negative cases. We conclude that the frequency of positive IgG-OCB patterns in our MS patients fits most values reported in the literature, and that negative results indicate benign disease.

Creatine kinase isoenzymes in human cerebrospinal fluid and brain.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1804-1806 ◽  
Author(s):  
W L Chandler ◽  
K J Clayson ◽  
W T Longstreth ◽  
J S Fine
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Global Brain Ischemia ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Human Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Extracts ◽  
Global Brain

Abstract Extracts of normal brains obtained at autopsy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with global brain ischemia were analyzed for creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2) isoenzymes. We used both qualitative and quantitative assays (electrophoresis and immunoinhibition). Brain extracts contained CK-BB isoenzyme and mitochondrial CK. In 54 CSF samples free of blood contamination and with total activities ranging from 7 to 2010 U/L (mean 202 U/L), virtually all of the CK activity was due to CK-BB, and none to CK-MM or CK-MB. We conclude that brain contains CK-BB and mitochondrial CK, but lacks CK-MM and CK-MB. After cardiac arrest, CK-BB is released into the CSF. Any CK-MM in the CSF is probably from blood contamination, in which case immunoinhibition with anti-CK-M antibodies accurately quantifies CK-BB.

scholarly journals External syringomyelia in longstanding benign foramen magnum tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Aimee Goel ◽  
Abhidha Harshad Shah ◽  
Ravikiran Vutha ◽  
Atul Goel
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pontomedullary Junction ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Background: The effect of benign foramen magnum tumours on cranial and spinal dimensions and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces is unclear. In this study, we measured alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces in the spinal canal and in the posterior cranial fossa distant from the site of benign foramen magnum tumors. Methods: Twenty-nine magnetic resonance imaging scans of patients with foramen magnum tumors (8 meningiomas and 21 C2 neurinomas) were identified for radiological morphometric analysis and compared with normal control scans. The anterior-posterior distance between the pontomedullary junction and the clivus, the spinal canal diameter, spinal cord diameter, and cord-canal ratios were measured at the C6 and T2 levels. Results: The mean spinal canal diameter was significantly higher in tumor scans at both the C6 and T2 spinal levels than in controls (13.8 mm vs. 11.4 mm at C6; p<0.0001, and 12.9 mm vs. 11.9 mm at T2; P=0.01). Further, the mean cord:canal ratio was significantly lower in tumor scans at both levels (0.49 vs. 0.64 at C6; P<0.0001, and 0.45 vs. 0.54 at T2; P=0.0009). There was no significant difference in mean anteroposterior distance from the clivus to the pontomedullary junction (10.4 mm vs. 10.3 mm; P=0.91). Conclusion: In the presence of benign foramen magnum tumors, the spinal canal diameter and CSF volume in the spinal canal increased at the C6 and T2 levels, distant from the tumor site, a phenomenon we describe as “external syringomyelia”.

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal fluid glucose and protein values in normal rabbits

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney K. Kusumi ◽  
Joseph F. Plouffe
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Human Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Human Situation ◽  
The Mean

In 35 normal rabbits the cerebrospinal fluid glucose values ranged between 56 and 135 mg/dl, mean and standard deviation 78 ± 13 mg/dl. Cerebrospinal total protein values ranged from 16 to 66 mg/dl, mean and standard deviation 33 ± 10 mg/dl. The mean values were similar to those reported for human cerebrospinal fluid. Depression of the cerebrospinal glucose level in the rabbit may parallel the human situation and prove to be a useful marker of purulent inflammation.

scholarly journals Effect of contrast media on radioimmunoassay of beta-endorphin in cerebrospinal fluid.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
V S Fang ◽  
R G Fessler ◽  
J R Rachlin ◽  
F D Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Previous Suggestion ◽  
Beta Endorphin ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The Mean

Abstract An effect of metrizamide, a contrast medium, on results of beta-endorphin radioimmunoassay was examined. We found that 1, 5, and 10 microL of the medium added to 100 microL of standard containing 0 to 500 pg of beta-endorphin shifted the standard curve to the left in proportion to the metrizamide concentration. Three other contrast media showed a similar effect at low concentrations of beta-endorphin. This effect of contrast media artificially increased results in radioimmunoassay of beta-endorphin in cerebrospinal fluid, the mean overestimate being 121.9% (range, 0 to 435%). For plasma samples, this effect of contrast media resulted in an average 11.7% overestimate of beta-endorphin (range, -16% to 41%). These observations bring into question the validity of a previous suggestion that an increase in beta-endorphin in cerebrospinal fluid after intracerebral electrical stimulation is the mechanism for stimulation-produced analgesia.

scholarly journals Biodegradation Studies of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene (BTEX) Compounds by Gliocladium sp. and Aspergillus terreus

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1069
Author(s):  
N. Usman ◽  
H.I. Atta ◽  
M.B. Tijjani
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Petroleum Contaminated Soil ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Monoaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Btex Compounds

Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) are monoaromatic hydrocarbons found frequently in petroleum and its derivatives; and they are among the most important pollutants of soil and groundwater. This study focused on harnessing the enzymatic capabilities of filamentous fungi Gliocladium sp. and Aspergillus terreus, dwelling in a petroleum-contaminated soil to degrade benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) compounds. The biodegradation experiment was carried out using the fungi individually and in consortium in a batch culture containing mineral salts medium supplemented with 1% v/v BTEX. The experiments were carried out in triplicates at room temperature on a rotary shaker (180rpm) for twenty five days and aliquots were taken on a five day interval to determine the hydrocarbon utilizing fungal (HUF) count and residual BTEX in order to monitor the rate of biodegradation. The hydrocarbon utilizing fungal counts were determined by direct counting using a Neubauer  Haemocytometer while, the residual BTEX was determined using absorbance values measured using a spectrophotometer and the corresponding concentrations determined from a standard curve. The highest percentage degradation of BTEX was observed with Aspergillus terreus (89.1%) while, the least was observed with Gliocladium sp. (84.4%). The growth peak was attained on the 15th day in all treatments after which the HUF counts declined. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in the mean amounts of BTEX degraded and hydrocarbon-utilizing fungal counts between the treatments. The strains of Gliocladium sp. and Aspergillus terreus used in this study showed high ability for BTEX degradation thus, they are potential candidates for bioremediation of soils contaminated with monoaromatic hydrocarbons. Keywords: Biodegradation, BTEX, Gliocladium sp., Aspergillus terreus, Monoaromatic hydrocarbons

Concentrations of chromium, cesium, and tin in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with brain neoplasms, leukemia or other noncerebral malignancies, and neurological diseases.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1084-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
A el-Yazigi ◽  
C R Martin ◽  
E B Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Brain Neoplasms ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Csf Concentration

Abstract We measured the concentrations of chromium, cesium, and tin in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 29 patients with brain tumors [21 benign (BBT) and eight malignant (MBT)], 28 leukemic patients, 14 patients with lymphoma or noncerebral solid tumors (NLCT), and 32 control patients (15 with neurological disorders and 17 with noneurological conditions) by use of flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. We detected chromium in 94% of the patients, tin in 79%, and cesium in 50%. The mean (and SEM) concentrations (micrograms/L) of these metals in the control group were 4.7 (1.1) for chromium, 3.8 (1.6) for cesium, and 6.4 (1) for tin. We observed significant differences (P less than 0.05) in the concentration of chromium in CSF between the MBT group and all other tumor groups; the ratios for the mean CSF concentration of chromium in patients with BBT, leukemia, or NLCT to that in patients with MBT were 2.6, 2.1, or 4.4, respectively. We saw no significant differences in the concentrations of cesium or tin among the various groups investigated.

scholarly journals Neurology (Neuromuscular)

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (S1) ◽  
pp. S33-S33
Author(s):  
Y Wang ◽  
Y Zhu ◽  
W Zhang ◽  
M Liu ◽  
G Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Nerve Dysfunction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Background: IL-27 acts as a ‘master regulator’ in modulating inflammation and was responsible for a number of autoimmune diseases. However, the role of IL-27 was not addressed in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Methods: Sixty-five subjects including 19 with GBS, 7 with encephalitis or meningitis, 23 with multiple sclerosis or neuromyelitis optica as well as 11 with other non-inflammatory neurological disorders were enrolled. ELISA was used to detect the concentrations of IL-27 in paired samples of cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. Results: The mean concentration of IL-27 in GBS patients was significantly lower than in other neurological disorders both in CSF and in plasma (all p<0.05). GBS patients with cranial involvement, decreased reflexes, hypaesthesia, autonomic nerve dysfunction, MRC score <30 are inclined to have a lower CSF IL-27 level than patients without these symptoms (182 pg/ml, 181 pg/ml, 185 pg/ml, 185 pg/ml, 194 pg/ml vs 211 pg/ml, 205 pg/ml, 202 pg/ml, 198 pg/ml, 199 pg/ml, respectively). Similar results were noted in plasma except for cranial involvement. Conclusions: Production of IL-27 was disparate between GBS and other neurological diseases and a significantly lower level of IL-27 was observed in GBS patients, indicative of an anti-inflammatory role of IL-27 in GBS.

Determination of 3-Methoxy-4-Hydroxyphenylethylene Glycol, a Noradrenaline Metabolite, in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Urine

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1031-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
R O’Keeffe ◽  
B W L Brooksbank
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Electron Capture Detection ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phenolic Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid

Abstract We describe a sensitive, accurate method for quantitative determination of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol (MHPG) in cerebrospinal fluid and urine. The method entails enzymatic hydrolysis of conjugated MHPG, acetylation of the phenolic group, thin-layer chromatographic purification, and estimation of total MHPG as the acetyl heptafluorobutyryl derivative by gas—liquid chromatography with electron capture detection and with use of aldrin as internal standard. Results obtained by this method compare favorably with those by other published procedures. Precision, calculated as the mean ± SD of the percentage differences between duplicate estimations, was 8.4 ± 8.0% for cerebrospinal fluid (3 ml) or 6.9 ± 6.6% for urine (2 ml). Total MHPG in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid specimens from 49 individuals ranged from 6.1 to 19.7 ng/ml, with no significant difference between the mean for control subjects and that for patients with affective disorders.

scholarly journals Neopterin and CXCL-10 in Cerebrospinal Fluid as Potential Biomarkers of Neuroinvasive Dengue and Chikungunya

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1626
Author(s):  
Marzia Puccioni-Sohler ◽  
Samya J. da Silva ◽  
Luiz C. S. Faria ◽  
David C. B. I. Cabral ◽  
Mauro J. Cabral-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Fungal Meningitis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chemokine Ligand ◽  
Csf Levels ◽  
And Control ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Dengue (DENV) and chikungunya viruses (CHIKV) cause severe neurological complications, sometimes undiagnosed. Therefore, the use of more accessible neuroinflammatory biomarkers can be advantageous considering their diagnostic and prognostic potential for aggravated clinical outcomes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate neopterin and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL-10) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the diagnosis of neuroinvasive DENV and CHIKV. We analyzed the CSF of 66 patients with neurological disorders, comprising 12 neuroinvasive DENV/CHIKV, 20 inflammatory control (viral, bacterial, and fungal meningitis, and autoimmune disorders), and 24 noninflammatory control (cerebrovascular disease, dementia, neoplasm). There was no difference between the concentration of CSF neopterin in the neuroinvasive DENV/CHIKV and control groups. However, there was a significant difference in the CXCL-10 level when comparing the neuroinvasive DENV/CHIKV group and the non-inflammatory control (p < 0.05). Furthermore, we found a linear correlation between neopterin and CXCL-10 CSF levels in the three groups. For the DENV/CHIKV neuroinvasive diagnosis, the ROC curve showed the best cut-off values for CSF neopterin at 11.23 nmol/L (sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 63%), and for CSF CXCL-10 at 156.5 pg/mL (91.7% sensitivity and specificity). These results show that CXCL-10 in CSF represents an accurate neuroinflammatory biomarker that may contribute to neuroinvasive DENV/CHIKV diagnosis.

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