Regimentation or Hybridity? Western Beauty Practices by Black Women in Adichie’s Americanah

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 639-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Yerima
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Black Woman ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual

The postcolonial subject is one whose life is rife with contradictions. These contradictions result from a torsion of Western and indigenous values and culture in the individual. The woman as a postcolonial subject seems to deal with more of these incongruities in almost every sphere as she negotiates life in the postcolony and other societies that facilitated colonization and still does in some aspects. Several writers have sought to capture the uniqueness of the postcolonial female in contemporary times, bringing to the fore issues that plague her. The phenomenon of “imperial aesthetics” (basically beauty in the Western sense) is the foremost of these issues and the core of this article. It is presented as it applies to the Black woman in aspects such as hair, skin color, and physique. This adoption of imperial notions of beauty is rooted in self-loathing, argued by postcolonial thinkers to arise from the psychological effects of colonization. Hence, the explication of this phenomenon will go a long way in demonstrating the forms of self-expression that the Black woman chooses and which ultimately make up her identity. Consequently, this article will focus on Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s presentation of the subject in her novel, Americanah, using the postcolonial approach.

scholarly journals The psychological effects of unemployment: a review of the literature

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Macky ◽  
Hilary Haines
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Differential Effect ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual

The literature on the psychological effects of unemployment is reviewed, with particular attention being paid to the somewhat scarce New Zealand literature on the subject. Studies conducted at the macrosocial level are discussed, followed by studies that focus on the individual, with respect to physical health, mental health and psychological well-being, and social attitudes. The differential effect of unemployment on various social groups is examined, and the methodological deficiencies in some of the studies reviewed are summarized. In conclusion, it is suggested that the documented psychological ill-effects of unemployment should make us view rising levels of unemployment with concern.

scholarly journals Freedom and the principles of morality

2003 ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Zagorka Golubovic
Keyword(s):  
Essential Difference ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Given ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
Process Characteristic ◽  
Free Activity

Freedom as an authentic and willed process, characteristic of man as a human rational being, enables the individual to act in accordance with the principles of morality, since the individual can choose between good and evil (between two possibilities), and in this way to get out of the sphere of the given to which the rest of the living world is limited. We should recall the forgotten Marx and his famous text on the essential difference between the animal world and humanity as a genus: "The animal is immediately united with its vital activity. It does not differ from it. It is vital activity. Man makes his own vital activity the subject of his will and consciousness. He has conscious vital activity. This is not a determination with which he merges immediately. Conscious vital activity distinguishes man directly from animal vital activity. It is exactly in this way alone that he is a generic being. Or a conscious being, i.e. his own life is a subject for him precisely because he is a generic being. It is only for this reason that his activity is free activity..." (K. Marx, "Alienation", Early Works). In other words, while animals live just the life of their species and cannot choose anything else, since the choice has been made by the fact of their belonging to a species, man can choose the world in which to live, overcoming in this way the natural givens. Here lies the core of the anthropological explanation of the principle of morality, inconceivable without man's ability to be an authentic free being.

Psychological Effects of Centrally Acting Drugs in Man

1958 ◽  
Vol 104 (437) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conan Kornetsky ◽  
Ogretta Humphries
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Specific Drug ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Psychological Performance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Specific Reactivity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Error Of Measurement

In a previous study (Kornetsky, Humphries and Evarts, 1957) it was found that the impairment of a variety of psychological processes caused by 200 mg. of chlorpromazine was not significantly less than the impairment produced by 200 mg. of secobarbital. It was also shown that the effects of drugs on psychological performance in man are related not only to the specific pharmacological activity of the drug, but also to the specific reactivity of the subject. It appeared that there was something unique to the individual which accounted for a significant portion of the effect of a drug. The present study was designed to extend these observations by reducing the number of drugs tested (in the previous study four drugs were used) and increasing the number of times a subject received each drug. It was hoped that this would give a better estimate of the effect of a specific dose of a specific drug and thus decrease the error of measurement and increase the reliability of the correlation between drugs.

ICT-Enabled Learning Settings

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Colazzo ◽  
Andrea Molinari ◽  
Nicola Vill
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels

The paper presents a discussion on the different approaches that the authors have found in learning settings respect to ICT platforms that support the educational activities. The authors discuss three different approaches in pursuing learning activities in real educational contexts. The considered approaches are different in the sense of the metaphor used. The approaches related to LMSs follow the metaphor of “course”, while in the approaches related with web 2.0 technologies (like Facebook™, Twitter™, Flickr™ etc), the founding metaphor is the individual with its social networks. Finally, the third approach has its building blocks in the idea of (virtual) community and virtual communities systems, where the core paradigm of the platform is the (virtual) community that offers specialized services for the purpose of the community to the enrolled members, and where the subject is just a participant that adheres to the rules of the community, with duties, rights, tasks to do and objectives to achieve. The authors will discuss all these three approaches, the different levels of applicability in learning settings, and specifically the potential of the virtual communities-based system that they adopted in the experimentations conducted in the last ten years.

Secret Agents

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veta Smith Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Black Woman ◽  
The Core ◽  
Enslaved Women ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter explores the gendered schema at the core of enslaved black women's abolitionist resistance and the scholarly neglect it received by examining the multiple and varied forms of resistance to labor and sexual abuse that four enslaved women engaged in: Mary Elizabeth Bowser, Margaret Garner, Harriet Tubman, and Mary Ellen Pleasant. In all cases, black women manipulated the stereotype of the hapless, deficient, enslaved black woman and used it as camouflage for their anti-slavery and anti-patriarchy insurgency. Either momentarily or permanently, Bowser, Garner, Tubman, and Pleasant became agents of their own or others' liberation. They exercised tactical ingenuity and rare insight into the illogic of both slavery and patriarchy. Ultimately, the success of these women's gendered resistance mystified antagonists, supporters, and scholars alike.

scholarly journals Regulasi Peran Maternal Perempuan Studi Analisis atas Novel Beloved Karya Toni Morrison

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yuniar Fatmasari
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Black Woman ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maternal Role ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

AbstractBasically, the body of the black woman slaves have experienced an immensely oppression whether from the economic, politic, and ideological dimensions; nevertheless, it is the ideological strategy which is believed in contributing the biggest and furthest effect so that the oppression still exists even the slavery has been abolished. During the slavery, the black woman slaves are forced to give birth as many as possible for the profit of the master. This shows that there is a control over the womb of the black woman slave. One of the strategies that the writer wants to convey in this article is the regulation on the maternal role of the black woman slaver. The individual maternal role is considered as a good strategy to conquer the body of the black woman slave so that they and the post-slavery black women are placing a disadvantage position in the social structure. Racism, sexism, class, and gender issues are assumed as the causal factors of this kind of social inequity.Keywords: individual maternal role, communal maternal roleAbstrakPada dasarnya, tubuh budak perempuan kulit hitam telah mengalami opresi secara besar-besaran baik dari dimensi ekonomi, politik dan ideologi; namun demikian, strategi ideologi-lah yang dipercaya memberikan efek paling besar dan dalam sehingga opresi tetap ada bahkan meski perbudakan itu sendiri telah ditiadakan. Selama perbudakan,budak perempuan kulit hitam dipaksa melahirkan anak sebanyak mungkin untuk kepentingan profit sang majikan dan hal tersebut menunjukkan adanya kontrol terhadap rahim budak perempuan kulit hitam. Salah satu strategi yang penulis ingin kemukakan di dalam artikel ini adalah regulasi terhadap peran maternal budak perempuan kulit hitam. Peran maternal individu dianggap strategis untuk menguasai tubuh perempuan kulit hitam sehingga budak perempuan kulit hitam dan perempuan kulit hitam pasca perbudakan menempati posisi yang tidak menguntungkan di dalam struktur sosial.Wacana rasisme, seksisme, kelas dan gender diasumsikan menjadi faktor penyebab ketimpangan sosial semacam ini.Kata kunci: peran maternal individu, peran maternal komunal

The Henri Meschonnic Reader

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Meschonnic
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time

Henri Meschonnic was a linguist, poet, translator of the Bible and one of the most original French thinkers of his generation. He strove throughout his career to reform the understanding of language and all that depends on it. His work has had a shaping influence in various fields and its importance is growing. Here, for the first time, some of the key texts are made available in English for a new generation of scholars in the humanities. By introducing key works of Henri Meschonnic, this Reader will enrich, enhance and challenge your understanding of language. This book includes fourteen key texts which cover the core concepts and topics of Meschonnic’s theory. It explores his key ideas on poetics, the poem, rhythm, discourse and his critique of the sign. Meschonnic’s vast oeuvre was continuously preoccupied with the question of a poetics of society; he constantly connected the theory of language to its practice in various fields and interrogated what that means for the individual and society. In exploring this fundamental question, this book is central to the study and philosophy of language, with rich repercussions in fields such as translation studies, poetics and literary studies, and in redefining notions such as rhythm, modernity, the poem and the subject. The Reader is accompanied by introductory texts to Meschonnic, his key concepts and his poetics of society, as well as by a glossary, index and bibliography.

Differential Effects of Competence and Morality on Self-Esteem at the Individual and the Collective Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-198
Author(s):  
Wiktor Soral ◽  
Mirosław Kofta
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual

Abstract. The importance of various trait dimensions explaining positive global self-esteem has been the subject of numerous studies. While some have provided support for the importance of agency, others have highlighted the importance of communion. This discrepancy can be explained, if one takes into account that people define and value their self both in individual and in collective terms. Two studies ( N = 367 and N = 263) examined the extent to which competence (an aspect of agency), morality, and sociability (the aspects of communion) promote high self-esteem at the individual and the collective level. In both studies, competence was the strongest predictor of self-esteem at the individual level, whereas morality was the strongest predictor of self-esteem at the collective level.

Social innovation for modified consumption by means of the school subject Art and craft

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita NEUBERG
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
School Subject ◽  
Art And Design ◽  
The Core ◽  
Causal Mechanisms ◽  
The Subject

In this paper I will take a look at how one can facilitate the change in consumption through social innovation, based on the subject of art and design in Norwegian general education. This paper will give a presentation of books, featured relevant articles and formal documents put into context to identify different causal mechanisms around our consumption. The discussion will be anchored around the resources and condition that must be provided to achieve and identify opportunities for action under the subject of Art and craft, a subject in Norwegian general education with designing at the core of the subject, ages 6–16. The question that this paper points toward is: "How can we, based on the subject of Art and craft in primary schools, facilitate the change in consumption through social innovation?”

The Autobiographical Subject and the Death Penalty

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-187
Author(s):  
E. S. Burt
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
First Person ◽  
Philosophical Investigation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Why does writing of the death penalty demand the first-person treatment that it also excludes? The article investigates the role played by the autobiographical subject in Derrida's The Death Penalty, Volume I, where the confessing ‘I’ doubly supplements the philosophical investigation into what Derrida sees as a trend toward the worldwide abolition of the death penalty: first, to bring out the harmonies or discrepancies between the individual subject's beliefs, anxieties, desires and interests with respect to the death penalty and the state's exercise of its sovereignty in applying it; and second, to provide a new definition of the subject as haunted, as one that has been, but is no longer, subject to the death penalty, in the light of the worldwide abolition currently underway.

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