Waiting for the Right One: The Role of Social Proximity and Location in the Decision to Use Cannabis for the First Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bouchard ◽  
Krysta L. Dawson ◽  
Morena Anamali
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Canadian City ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
Do So

The study examines the social context of a cannabis offer, an outcome rarely examined in research on substance use. Drawing from a survey conducted among 15-year-old students in a mid-sized Canadian city, we examine (a) the differences between three types of users (immediate, late, and nonusers) and (b) the factors associated with accepting a cannabis offer more quickly. The findings show that 40% of the sample received an offer, that 25% of those who accept an offer do so on the first occasion, and that among the others, it takes up to seven offers before accepting. The social context of the offer distinguishes between the types of users, and offers are accepted more quickly when adolescents are first offered by a close social contact, and when the offer occurs in familiar settings. The study also identifies a type of nonuser, those who are exposed to drugs but decide not to participate.

The role of social context in the interpretation of sexist humor

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared Alan Gray ◽  
Thomas E. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Local Norm ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sexist Humor ◽  
Critical Humor ◽  
Professional Workplace ◽  
Workplace Setting ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

AbstractAn experiment supported our hypotheses about the relationship between the social context in which sexist humor is delivered and the adoption of a non-critical humor mindset to interpret it. First, a professional workplace setting implied a local norm that is more prohibitive of sexist jokes than the general societal norm, whereas a comedy club implied a local norm of greater approval of sexist jokes. Second, offensiveness ratings revealed that participants were less likely to adopt a non-critical humor mindset to interpret sexist jokes delivered in a professional workplace setting and more likely to do so in a comedy club setting, compared to a setting governed by only the general societal norm. Finally, meditational analyses revealed that participants used the local norm of acceptability of sexist jokes to determine whether they could interpret the jokes in a non-critical humor mindset.

The social context of alcohol use among Māori in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Reflections of life experiences of alcohol use by older Māori

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Herbert ◽  
Margaret Forster ◽  
Timothy McCreanor ◽  
Christine Stephens
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right

<p class="Abstract">To broaden public health approaches to alcohol use, this study provides an initial exploration of the social context of alcohol use among Māori in Aotearoa/New Zealand, from the perspectives of older Māori. Utilising a Māori-centred research approach, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 13 older Māori people to explore their personal experiences of alcohol use across their lifetime. Thematic analysis was used to identify common themes that contextualised stories of alcohol use within a Māori cultural framework. Four themes were identified: alcohol use within (1) a sporting culture, (2) a working culture, (3) the context of family, and (4) Māori culture. These themes highlight the influence of social factors such as the desire to socialise and seek companionship; the physical location of alcohol use; the importance of social networks, particularly <em>whānau</em> (family); and the role of cultural identity among Māori. In regard to cultural identity, the role of the <em>marae</em> (traditional meeting place/s of Māori), <em>tikanga</em> (the right way of doing things), and the relationship of <em>kaumātua</em> (respected elder) status to personal and whānau alcohol use are highlighted as important focuses for further research among Māori in Aotearoa/New Zealand.</p>

scholarly journals Causal role of the right temporoparietal junction in selfishness depends on the social context

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin M. Brethel-Haurwitz ◽  
Desmond Oathes ◽  
Joe Kable
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Dictator Game ◽  
Causal Role ◽  
Temporoparietal Junction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
Right Temporoparietal Junction ◽  
The Right ◽  
Social Decision Making

The right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) is a hub of the mentalizing network, but its causal role in social decision-making remains an area of active investigation. While the rTPJ is critical in strategic interactions, it is unclear if it is necessary for general other-regard as indexed by generosity and inequity, or if its influence depends on social context, particularly the salience and identifiability of interaction partners. We examined the effects of inhibitory rTPJ transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on Dictator Game behavior with an abstract minimally identified partner versus a salient physically present partner (n = 27). While rTPJ TMS did not affect overall other-regard, there was an interaction with social condition. Participants kept a greater share of resources when interacting with an abstract relative to salient partner under control conditions, but this differentiation was eliminated with rTPJ TMS. Thus, the causal role of the rTPJ in selfishness depends on social context.

Synergetic Theory of Document in Evolution of Document Science

2018 ◽  
pp. 1060-1068
Author(s):  
Galina A. Dvoenosova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Universal Theory ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Social Goal ◽  
The Social ◽  
Synergetic Theory ◽  
First Time

The article assesses synergetic theory of document as a new development in document science. In information society the social role of document grows, as information involves all members of society in the process of documentation. The transformation of document under the influence of modern information technologies increases its interest to representatives of different sciences. Interdisciplinary nature of document as an object of research leads to an ambiguous interpretation of its nature and social role. The article expresses and contends the author's views on this issue. In her opinion, social role of document is incidental to its being a main social tool regulating the life of civilized society. Thus, the study aims to create a scientific theory of document, explaining its nature and social role as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. Substantiation of this idea is based on application of synergetics (i.e., universal theory of self-organization) to scientific study of document. In the synergetic paradigm, social and historical development is seen as the change of phases of chaos and order, and document is considered a main tool that regulates social relations. Unlike other theories of document, synergetic theory studies document not as a carrier and means of information transfer, but as a unique social phenomenon and universal social tool. For the first time, the study of document steps out of traditional frameworks of office, archive, and library. The document is placed on the scales with society as a global social system with its functional subsystems of politics, economy, culture, and personality. For the first time, the methods of social sciences and modern sociological theories are applied to scientific study of document. This methodology provided a basis for theoretical vindication of nature and social role of document as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. The study frames a synergetic theory of document with methodological foundations and basic concepts, synergetic model of document, laws of development and effectiveness of document in the social continuum. At the present stage of development of science, it can be considered the highest form of theoretical knowledge of document and its scientific explanatory theory.

In the Labyrinth

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew McNeillie
Keyword(s):  
The Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
Do So

It is now widely acknowledged, and far beyond Ireland, that Tim Robinson’s two volumes jointly known as Stones of Aran (‘Pilgrimage’ and ‘Labyrinth’) are modern classics, exemplary in every way of how to write about place and to do so with a formal, literary accomplishment that more than earns the right to nod at Ruskin’s own classic. In 2012, Robinson went back to Árainn, the largest of the three islands, for the first time in nearly ten years. He did so at the urging of Andrew McNeillie, with whom he spent two and a half days revisiting old haunts. This chapter makes account of the occasion and uses, in the process, a unique document provided by Robinson as an experiment in annotating his work. This prompts McNeillie to investigate some of his own annotations and footnotes to Aran.

The role of pathos: from argumentative responses to feeling and emotions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Short Distance ◽  
Social World ◽  
Legal Rhetoric ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
First Time

Chapter 10 is devoted to the role of emotions or pathos. Pathos was the term ordinarily used to denote the notion of audience. For the first time since Aristotle, emotions receive a full role in a treatise on rhetoric. The responses of the audience are modulated by its emotions. What is their nature and how precisely do they operate? The areas of political and legal rhetoric are examined here in the light of an original view of the theory of distance: values at greater distance become passions at short distance, and this is one of the features which demarcates politics from law. Law and politics are not merely argumentative, nor are they entirely emotional. The norms they codify are often implicit in their shaping of our mutual expectations and behavior in the social world.

scholarly journals Modeling Syntactic Change under Contact: The Case of Italiot Greek

Languages ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Cristina Guardiano ◽  
Melita Stavrou
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Syntactic Change ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Structures

In this paper, we investigate patterns of persistence and change affecting the syntax of nominal structures in Italiot Greek in comparison to Modern (and Ancient) Greek, and we explore the role of Southern Italo-Romance as a potential source of interference. Our aim is to highlight the dynamics that favor syntactic contact in this domain: we provide an overview of the social context where these dynamics have taken place and of the linguistic structures involved.

scholarly journals How do intermediaries build inclusive markets? The role of the social context

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babita Bhatt ◽  
Israr Qureshi ◽  
Christopher Sutter
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals POSTRZEGANIE ZWYCZAJÓW ODNOSZĄCYCH SIĘ DO OBOWIĄZKU ZACHOWANIA POUFNOŚCI W ARBITRAŻU. ANALIZA WYNIKÓW ANKIETY PRZEPROWADZONEJ PRZEZ SĄD ARBITRAŻOWY LEWIATAN WŚRÓD POLSKICH PRAKTYKÓW ARBITRAŻOWYCH

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Beata Gessel-Kalinowska vel Kalisz
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Uniform Norm ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
Confidentiality And Privacy

THE PERCEPTION OF THE PRACTICE OF CONFIDENTIALITY IN ARBITRATION. AN ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY CARRIED OUT BY THE LEWIATAN COURT OF ARBITRATION AMONG POLISH ARBITRATION PRACTITIONERS Summary As with numerous other systems of law, such as Norwegian, Swedish or Australian law, the Polish legal system does not have a clear and uniform norm of law governing confidentiality and privacy in arbitration. Public opinion frequently refers to the role of custom as the source of the obligation to preserve confidentiality, although usually it does so without a detailed analysis of the subject and object of this obligation. This fact provided the inspiration for a survey carried out among Polish arbitration practitioners. The results of the survey present an interesting picture of what is subjectively perceived by arbitration practitioners as forming part of the confidentiality canons in arbitration proceedings. In principle, they reflect the worldwide trends, i.e. as far as the object of the confidentiality obligation is concerned – in camera sessions and the confidentiality of awards, and as regards its subject – the confidentiality obligation imposed on arbitrators and arbitration institutions. In addition, the customary practice of keeping confidential any information obtained in the course of proceedings is perceived as the right conduct as far as the object of the obligation is concerned. One of the very controversial issues is the matter of parties’ responsibilities, which leads to further questions as to individual arbitrators’ membership of the social (professional) group known as “arbitration practitioners”.

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