Pluricentric linguistic justice: a new ethics-based approach to pluricentricity in French and other languages

Drawing on the example of the French-speaking world, this article makes the case for the valuable contribution of a systematic ethics-based approach to understanding linguistic pluricentricity. Following a critical review of three key definitional dimensions of the concept - political, linguistic and representational/attitudinal - it argues for the inclusion of a fourth ethical dimension to assess whether there are moral arguments which might also favour the recognition of distinct national standards. It builds on the recent linguistic justice literature in the fields of political theory and political philosophy to propose the notion of “pluricentric linguistic justice” as a framework for evaluating the ethics of local norm-setting and enforcement in pluricentric contexts. To demonstrate how pluricentric linguistic justice might be assessed, it examines a series of valued-based arguments discussed in the linguistic justice literature relating to the instrumental and identity functions of language, considering how they might apply to specific contexts in the French-speaking world. Besides contributing to existing theory, the notion of pluricentric linguistic justice has the potential to help advance social equality, by drawing attention to some of the social and political injustices associated with diatopic variation in spatially diffused languages more generally.

A Static-99R Validation Study on Individuals With Mental Disorders: 5 to 20 Years of Fixed Follow-Up After Sexual Offenses

‘The Static-99R is one of the most commonly used risk assessment instruments for individuals convicted of sexual offenses. It has been validated for use on many populations, but few studies specifically target and describe individuals with mental disorders. Additionally, research on the discriminative properties (how well the instrument separates recidivists from non-recidivists) of the instrument over longer follow-up periods is scarce. This article evaluated the validity of the Static-99R using a cohort of individuals with mental disorders convicted of sexual offenses in Sweden (N = 146) with fixed 5-year (n = 100), 10-year (n = 91), 15-year (n = 79), and 20-year (n = 36) follow-up periods. A Static-99R cut score of 6 demonstrated the highest Youden index, maximizing sensitivity (72.7%) and specificity (74.2%), with 25.8% of recidivists correctly assumed to reoffend sexually and 95.7% of non-recidivists correctly assumed not to. The Static-99R instrument demonstrated adequate discrimination (AUC = 0.79, CI 95% = 0.70–0.87, and OR = 1.45, CI 95% = 1.14–1.84, p < 0.001, 5-year fixed follow-up), with only marginal differences for 10-, 15-, and 20-year fixed follow-up (AUC = 0.73, 0.74, and 0.74 and OR = 1.31, 1.36, and 1.40, respectively). Calibration (quantifying risk and correspondence with the instrument’s norms) was acceptable (Brier = 0.088, P/E = 0.70, E/O = 1.43), with the routine sample norms displaying a decisively better fit to the study cohort compared to the high-risk/high-need sample norms. The results affirm the recommendation that, when in doubt and where there is no recent local norm group large enough available, the Static-99R routine sample found in the evaluators’ workbook should be used.

CREATING TOURISM ENTREPRENEUR THROUGH PRESERVING CULTURE IN THE VILLAGE OF PADANG TEGAL, BALI

Gianyar regency is one of the areas in Bali which has fanatic society to their own culture. Despite globalization era can not be avoided and it is improving time by time. So, the authors would like to describe and explain social capital implication in creating tourism entrepreneurs through preserving the culture. This research is using experience approach by qualitative method. The research results are: first, globalization era has no impact on Gianyar society. In case Ubud (one of area in Gianyar) is a center of tourism but in Padang Tegal village has society who always obey to religion. Second, the society in Gianyar is not only obeyed to their local norm but also they help their regency to explore their tourism landscapes. Third, there are many strategies from society collaborate with government to preserve the landscape. Fourth, involving the young generation in preserving their own local culture. Fifth, Tri Hita Karana is the core principle in their social life. Can be concluded that social capital has essential roles in creating tourism entrepreneur through preserving local culture.

Contesting global gender equality norms: the case of Turkey

Over the past two decades, constructivist International Relations (IR) scholars have produced substantial knowledge on the diffusion and adoption of global norms, emphasising the role of Western norm entrepreneurs in constructing and promoting new norms to passive, generally non-Western, norm takers. An emergent literature on norm dynamics unsettles this narrative of linear progress, highlighting the agency of diverse actors, including the agency of non-Western norm entrepreneurs, in normative change. This article contributes to this recent norm research by exploring the normative agency of local actors in the Turkish context, who have actively engaged in normative contestation over the meaning of gender equality. More specifically, the article reveals the crucial role of a pro-government, conservative women's organisation in subverting global gender equality norms and in promoting a local norm of ‘gender justice’ as an alternative. The article furthers research on norm contestation by analysing the discursive strategies and justifications local norm makers have adopted in the Turkish context upon encountering norms that challenged their normative beliefs and practices. Finally, the article critically engages with postsecular feminism, highlighting the agency of a religiously informed, conservative women's organisation as a non-Western norm entrepreneur.

WAQF CONFLICT RESOLUTION THROUGH MEDIATION (ISLAMIC AND BUGIS NORM PERSPECTIVE)

The purpose of this study is to identify the causes of disputes and to describe the dispute resolution process through non-litigation mediation in Islamic and Local Norm Perspective. The type of research that compilers use is field research, namely by obtaining data from interviews, observations, and related file searches. Furthermore, this research is supported by library research as a complement. The approach in this study is a juridical-empirical approach.The results of the study concluded that The dispute that occurred was related to the status of the land that was built on top of the Madrasah DDI Labukkang. The cause of the dispute is based on two theories, the theory of Principle negotiation and the Theory of basih human needs. The mediation process is carried out through 3 stages. First is pre-mediation. Mediation conducts the plans related to the preparation of mediation. Second is the execution of mediation. The mediator presents the disputing parties, gives an opportunity to all parties to provide information. The last is the emplementation of mediation. From the syariah perspective, the mediation complies with the 12 basic principles in Islamic Mediation. From the Bugis Norms, it complies with the five norms called pangngadareng.

Wrémada: Sebuah Transformasi Tantri dalam Pertunjukan Wayang Bali

“Wrémada” is reinterpretations of once episode of Tantri stories, it’s to respond of social-culture phenomena in Indonesia. As we know, the television programs expose coruption in some departmens and institutions. In the other side, the majority of Indonesia society wereunderestimating of traditional arts. Based on this phenomena,title of this art work was used “Wrémada”, it’s mean is “the monkey was stunned by position and authorities. This art work to fuse three genre, there are wayang golek, wayang peteng, dan wayang lemah, in which each of those had different of playing technical and space. But they were colaborated to be one unity art work, and so, this art work can be accepted of Baliness society. And it explained once widya component of Tantri’s story, so it be rebornd and reflected by Indonesia society, and so to build a nations character based on local norm and convention. My expectations of tenants, it can be wise and be guided by the chess pariksa or called by the name of chess nayasandhi is the same, different, funds, and danda. “Wrémada” merupakan reinterpretasi dari salah satu cerita dalam Tantri, untuk merespon kondisi sosial budaya bangsa Indonesia dewasa ini. Sebagaimana banyak diberitakan di televisi tentang pejabat tinggi negara yang terjerat kasus korupsi. Fakta demikian ditunjang oleh kondisi budaya bangsa khususnya kesenian tradisional yang menunjukkan adanya gejala mulai terpinggirkan. Atas dasar hal tersebut maka karya ini diberi judul “Wremada”, yang artinya kera yang mabuk jabatan dan kekuasaan.Karya ini merupakan gabungan tiga jenis wayang, yaitu wayang golek, wayang peteng, dan wayang lemah. Ketiganya memiliki teknik bermain dan ruang gerak yang berbeda, kemudian dikolaborasikan menjadi satu kesatuan karya yang utuh. Karya ini dimaksudkan untuk menjabarkan salah satu komponen widya dalam cerita Tantri agar dikenali kembali oleh masyarakat. Karya ini juga diharapkan dapat bermanfaat dalam pembangunan karakter bangsa, khususnya pola perilaku yang sesuai dengan nilai-nilai bangsa sesuai dengan kapasitas masing-masing. Harapan penggarap, karya ini dapat dijadikan cermin bagi masyarakat agar bersikap bijaksana dengan berpedoman pada catur pariksa atau catur nayasandhi,yang meliputi sama, beda, dana, dan danda.

Bojanov-Naidenov problem for positive (negative) parts of differentiable functions on the real domain

We solve the extremal problem $$$\| x^{(k)}_{\pm} \|_{L_p[a,b]} \rightarrow \sup$$$, $$$k = 0, 1, ..., r-1$$$, over the set of pairs $$$(x, I)$$$ of functions $$$x\in W^r_{\infty} (\mathbb{R})$$$ and intervals $$$I = [a,b]$$$ with restrictions on the local norm of function $$$x$$$ and the measure of support $$$\mu \{ \mathrm{supp}_{[a,b]} x^{(k)}_{\pm} \}$$$.

Optimal Perturbations of Systems with Delayed Argument for Control of Dynamics of Infectious Diseases Based on Multicomponent Actions

In this paper, we apply optimal perturbations to control mathematical models of infectious diseases expressed as systems of nonlinear differential equations with delayed argument. We develop the method for calculation of perturbations of the initial state of a dynamical system with delayed argument producing maximal amplification in the given local norm taking into account weights of perturbation components. For the model of experimental virus infection, we construct optimal perturbation for two types of stationary states, with low or high virus load, corresponding to different variants of chronic virus infection flow.