scholarly journals Early Origins of Body Mass in Later Life: Examining Childhood Risks and Adult Pathways

2021 ◽  
pp. 002214652110054
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Mustillo ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
Patricia Morton ◽  
Kenneth F. Ferraro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Nationally Representative

Prior research reveals that negative early-life experiences play a major role in the development of obesity in later life, but few studies identify mechanisms that alter the lifetime risk of obesity. This study examines the influence of negative childhood experiences on body mass index (BMI) and obesity (BMI ≥30) during older adulthood and the psychosocial and behavioral pathways involved. Using a nationally representative sample, we examine the influence of cumulative misfortune as well as five separate domains of misfortune on BMI and obesity. Results show that four of the five domains are associated with BMI and obesity either directly, indirectly, or both. The influence of cumulative misfortune on the outcomes is mediated by three adult factors: socioeconomic status, depressive symptoms, and physical activity. The mediators identified here provide targets for intervention among older adults to help offset the health risks of excess BMI attributable of early-life exposure to misfortune.

Early Life Exposure To Radiation Sensitizes Mice To Later Life Bacterial And Viral Challenges

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl J. Johnston ◽  
Jacob N. Finkelstein ◽  
Casey M. Manning ◽  
Christina Reed ◽  
Eric Hernady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Early Life Exposure

scholarly journals Association between early-life exposure to the Great Chinese Famine and poor physical function later in life: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e027450
Author(s):  
Tao Tao ◽  
Lingyan Dai ◽  
JinXiang Ma ◽  
Yusi Li ◽  
Zhuoyuan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fetal Period ◽  
Early Life Exposure

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the association between early-life exposure to the Great Chinese Famine (1959–1961) and the prevalence of poor physical function in midlife.DesignA population-based historical prospective study was performed as part of a wider cross-sectional survey. Exposure to famine was defined by birthdate, and participants were divided into non-exposed group, fetal-exposed group and infant-exposed group.Setting and participantsA total of 3595 subjects were enrolled into the study from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2015 based on random selection of households that had at least one member aged 45 years old and older in 28 provinces of mainland China.Main outcome measuresPhysical function status was assessed by a six-item self-report on the Barthel scale which rated basic activities of daily living (BADL).Results743 (20.7%) out of all participants were exposed to the Great Chinese Famine in their fetal periods, while 1550 (43.1%) participants were exposed at the age of an infant. The prevalence of poor physical function in the non-exposed group, fetal period-exposed group and infant period-exposed group were 12.3%, 15.5% and 17.0%, respectively. Among males, after stratification by gender and severity of famine, the prevalence of poor physical function in the fetal period was significantly higher (OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.18 to 4.89, p=0.015) than the non-exposed group in severely affected areas, even after adjusting for the number of chronic diseases, place of residence, smoking and alcohol drinking habits, marital status, educational level and body mass index. A similar connection between prenatal and early postnatal exposure to the Great Chinese Famine and the prevalence of poor physical function in midlife, however, was not observed from female adults.ConclusionsMales who were exposed to the Great Chinese Famine (1959–1961) present considerably decreased physical function in their later life.

Early Life Experiences and Adoptive Parenting

1970 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Starr ◽  
Delores A. Taylor ◽  
Ruth Taft
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Childhood Experiences

Findings of a study indicate that childhood experiences of the subjects were minimally associated with their performance as adoptive parents

Associations of early-life exposure to famine with abdominal fat accumulation are independent of family history of diabetes and physical activity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiang Hu ◽  
Junping Wen ◽  
Weihui Yu ◽  
Lijuan Yang ◽  
Wei Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Family History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the association of early-life exposure to famine with abdominal fat accumulation and function and further evaluate the influence of first-degree family history of diabetes and physical activity on this association. The present work analysed parts of the REACTION study. A total of 3033 women were enrolled. Central obesity was defined as waist circumferences (W) ≥ 85 cm. Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) was used to evaluate visceral adipose distribution and function. Partial correlation analysis showed BMI, W, glycated Hb and CVAI were associated with early-life exposure to famine (both P < 0·05). Logistic regression showed that the risks of overall overweight/obesity and central obesity in fetal, early-childhood, mid-childhood and late-childhood exposed subgroups were increased significantly (all P < 0·05). Compared with the non-exposed group, the BMI, W and CVAI of fetal, early- to late-childhood exposed subgroups were significantly increased both in those with or without first-degree family history of diabetes and in those classified as physically active or inactive, respectively (all P < 0·05). The associations of BMI, W and CVAI with early-life exposure to famine were independent of their associations with first-degree family history of diabetes (all P < 0·01) or physical activity status (all P < 0·001). Early-life exposure to famine contributed to abdominal fat accumulation and dysfunction, which was independent of the influence of genetic background and exercise habits. Physical activity could serve as a supplementary intervention for women with high risk of central obesity.

Fluoride Exposure in Early Life as the Possible Root Cause of Disease In Later Life

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Nakamoto ◽  
H Ralph Rawls
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Nutritional Stress ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Fluoride Exposure ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Dental Profession ◽  
Pass Through

Fluoride, one of the most celebrated ingredients for the prevention of dental caries in the 20th century, has also been controversial for its use in dentifrices and other applications. In the current review, we have concentrated primarily on early-life exposure to fluoride and how it may affect the various organs. The most recent controversial aspects of fluoride are related to toxicity of the developing brain and how it may possibly result in the decrease of intelligence quotient (IQ), autism, and calcification of the pineal gland. In addition, it has been reported to have possible effects on bone and thyroid glands. If nutritional stress is applied during a critical period of growth and development, the organ(s) and/or body will never recover once they pass through the critical period. For example, if animals are force-fed during experiments, they will simply get fat but never reach the normal size. Although early-life fluoride exposure causing fluorosis is well reported in the literature, the dental profession considers it primarily as an esthetic rather than a serious systemic problem. In the current review, we wanted to raise the possibility of future disease as a result of early-life exposure to fluoride. It is not currently known how fluoride will become a cause of future disease. Studies of other nutritional factors have shown that the effects of early nutritional stress are a cause of disease in later life.

The relationship of early life experiences to later life leisure involvement

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis A. McGuire ◽  
F. Dominic Dotta Vio ◽  
Joseph T. O'leary
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Leisure Involvement ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Famine and Trajectories of Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Blood Pressure in Two Generations: Results From the CHNS From 1993–2015

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Qingling Yang ◽  
Ran An ◽  
Howard D. Sesso ◽  
Victor W. Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Parental Exposure ◽  
Early Life Exposure

Early-life exposures play key roles in the development of metabolic diseases. Whether such effects exist beyond one generation remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the transgenerational association of early-life exposure to the Chinese famine of 1959 to 1962 with the trajectories of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure (BP) in 2 consecutive generations. We included 21 106 F1 observations born between 1954 and 1967 (median age: 45 years) and 1926 F2 observations (median age: 23 years) from the longitudinal household-based China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1993 to 2015. Trajectories of BMI, WC, systolic BP, and diastolic BP were fitted and compared between groups using linear mixed effect models. Early-life exposure to famine was associated with increased BMI, WC, and BP in 2 consecutive generations with sex and age disparities. In F1, famine was associated with increased BMI, WC, systolic BP, and diastolic BP, especially in men or those aged older than 50 years ( P ranged from <0.001 to 0.02). In F2 men but not women, the parental exposure to famine was associated with 0.59 kg/m 2 ([95% CI, 0.10–1.08], P =0.02) increase in BMI. In F2 aged ≥25 years but not those younger ones, the parental exposure to famine was associated with increased BMI (0.83 kg/m 2 [0.14–1.51] , P =0.03), systolic BP (2.04 mm Hg [0.20–3.88], P =0.03), and diastolic BP (1.73 mm Hg [0.28–3.18], P =0.02). The effects of an adverse developmental environment through famine in early life on BMI and BP later in life may persist beyond one generation.

scholarly journals Early-Life Socioeconomic Status and Physical Activity in Later Life

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana Pudrovska ◽  
Andriy Anishkin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Later Life
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