scholarly journals Differential Localization of Superoxide Dismutase Isoforms in Placental Villous Tissue of Normotensive, Pre-eclamptic, and Intrauterine Growth-restricted Pregnancies

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1433-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Myatt ◽  
Annie L.W. Eis ◽  
Diane E. Brockman ◽  
Wilhelm Kossenjans ◽  
Ian A. Greer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Sod Isoforms ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Oxidative Effects

Several isoforms of superoxide dismutase (SOD), including copper/zinc (cytosolic) and manganese (mitochondrial), exist. In the human placenta, SOD may prevent excessive superoxide accumulation and any potential deleterious oxidative effects. In pre-eclampsia, increased levels of lipid peroxide and decreased SOD activity have been described in the placenta. Oxidative stress such as occurs in pre-eclampsia can alter expression of SOD isoforms. The objective of this study was to localize the copper/zinc and manganese SOD isoforms in the placenta using immunohistochemistry and to compare localization and intensity of immunostaining in tissues from normotensive pregnancies with those from pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and/or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Western blotting with specific antibodies recognized a 17-kD copper/zinc and a 23-kD manganese SOD subunit in placental homogenates. Intense immunostaining for the manganese SOD isoform was seen in villous vascular endothelium, but only faint staining was found in the syncytiotrophoblast or villous stroma. In serial sections, intense immunostaining for copper/zinc SOD was seen in certain cells of the villous stroma but only faint immunostaining in syncytiotrophoblast and vascular endothelium. No apparent differences in localization or intensity of immunostaining for either isoform were seen between tissues of normotensive or pre-eclamptic pregnancies, with or without IUGR. The different cellular localizations of the SOD isoforms suggest that they fulfill different functional roles within the placenta.

Rat lung antioxidant enzymes: differences in perinatal gene expression and regulation

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. L466-L470 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Clerch ◽  
D. Massaro
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Copper Zinc Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Manganese Superoxide ◽  
Copper Zinc

The lung activity of the antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GP), but not manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD), increases in rats during late gestation; the concentrations of Cu,Zn SOD mRNA and CAT mRNA also rise. During early postnatal exposure to > 95% O2, the lung activity of Cu,Zn SOD, CAT, and GP increases. We now show 1) the lung concentration of Mn SOD mRNA and GP mRNA does not increase in late gestation; 2) Mn SOD activity and the concentration of its mRNA and of GP mRNA increase during exposure of neonatal rats to > 95% O2; and 3) as previously shown for CAT mRNA, the increase in lung concentration of the mRNAs for Cu,Zn SOD, Mn SOD, and GP during early postnatal hyperoxia occurs with a 70–80% prolongation of the half-life of these mRNAs. We conclude that 1) in late gestation the level at which lung AOE gene expression is regulated differs among the enzymes, 2) the level at which lung AOE gene expression is regulated shortly after birth in response to > 95% O2 is uniform among the enzymes, and 3) the lung's AOE response to neonatal hyperoxia is not merely a step-up of its prenatal regulation but involves different regulatory mechanisms based on increased stability of AOE mRNAs

scholarly journals Profiling of superoxide dismutase isoenzymes in compartments of the developing bovine antral follicles

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 871-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M H Combelles ◽  
Emily A Holick ◽  
Louis J Paolella ◽  
David C Walker ◽  
Qiaqia Wu
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Antral Follicle ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Sod Isoforms

The antral follicle constitutes a complex and regulated ovarian microenvironment that influences oocyte quality. Oxidative stress is a cellular state that may play a role during folliculogenesis and oogenesis, although direct supporting evidence is currently lacking. We thus evaluated the expression of the three isoforms (SOD1, SOD2, and SOD3) of the enzymatic antioxidant superoxide dismutase in all the cellular (granulosa cells, cumulus cells, and oocytes) and extracellular (follicular fluid) compartments of the follicle. Comparisons were made in bovine ovaries across progressive stages of antral follicular development. Follicular fluid possessed increased amounts of SOD1, SOD2, and SOD3 in small antral follicles when compared with large antral follicles; concomitantly, total SOD activity was highest in follicular fluids from smaller diameter follicles. SOD1, SOD2, and SOD3 proteins were expressed in granulosa cells without any fluctuations in follicle sizes. All three SOD isoforms were present, but were distributed differently in oocytes from small, medium, or large antral follicles. Cumulus cells expressed high levels of SOD3, some SOD2, but no detectable SOD1. Our studies provide a temporal and spatial expression profile of the three SOD isoforms in the different compartments of the developing bovine antral follicles. These results lay the ground for future investigations into the potential regulation and roles of antioxidants during folliculogenesis and oogenesis.

Molecular cloning and characterization of the copper/zinc and manganese superoxide dismutase genes from the human parasiteClonorchis sinensis

Parasitology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. LI ◽  
Y. KONG ◽  
S. H. CHO ◽  
H. W. LEE ◽  
B. K. NA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Clonorchis Sinensis ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Intronless Gene ◽  
Copper Zinc Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Manganese Superoxide ◽  
Copper Zinc

A copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD) gene and a manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene of the human parasiteClonorchis sinensishave been cloned and their gene products functionally characterized. GenesCu/ZnSODandMnSODencode proteins of 16 kDa and 25·4 kDa, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequences of the two genes contained highly conserved residues required for activity and secondary structure formation of Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD, respectively, and show up to 73·7% and 75·4% identities with their counterparts in other animals. The genomic DNA sequence analysis of Cu/ZnSOD gene revealed this as an intronless gene. Inhibitor studies with purified recombinant Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD, both of which were functionally expressed inEscherichia coli, confirmed that they are copper/zinc and manganese-containing SOD, respectively. Immunoblots showed that bothC. sinensisCu/ZnSOD and MnSOD should be antigenic for humans, and both, especially theC. sinensisMnSOD, exhibit extensive cross-reactions with sera of patients infected by other trematodes or cestodes. RT-PCR and SOD activity staining of parasite lysates indicate that there are no significant differences in mRNA level or SOD activity for both species of SOD, indicating cytosolic Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD might play a comparatively important role in theC. sinensisantioxidant system.

scholarly journals Gene transfer of superoxide dismutase isoforms reverses endothelial dysfunction in diabetic rabbit aorta

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (6) ◽  
pp. H2516-H2523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Zanetti ◽  
Jun'Ichi Sato ◽  
Zvonimir S. Katusic ◽  
Timothy O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Manganese Superoxide ◽  
Diabetic Rabbit ◽  
Copper Zinc

Increased production of oxygen free radicals is an important mechanism of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Our goal was to test whether adenovirus (Ad)-mediated gene transfer of copper/zinc (CuZn) or manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) improves relaxation of diabetic vessels. The aortas from 9 alloxan-induced diabetic mellitus (DM) and 16 control rabbits were used. Control and DM rings were transduced ex vivo with Ad vectors encoding Mn SOD (AdMn SOD), CuZn SOD (AdCuZn SOD), β-galactosidase (Adβgal), or diluents. In the absence of gene transfer, SOD activity was significantly increased in DM aortas. Transgene expression in DM AdCuZn SOD and DM AdMn SOD-transduced vessels was confirmed by Western blot analysis and by increased SOD activity (DM AdCuZn SOD, 76.2 ± 9.3; DM AdMn SOD, 65.2 ± 4.8; P < 0.05 vs. DM Adβgal; 50.9 ± 4.4 U/mg protein). Superoxide production was increased in DM Adβgal-transduced aorta and relaxations to acetylcholine were impaired in these vessels. Gene transfer of CuZn SOD and Mn SOD corrected both of these defects. Thus Ad-mediated gene transfer CuZn and Mn SOD to the diabetic aorta improves endothelium-dependent relaxation.

Inhibition of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase impairs NO ⋅-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxations

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (3) ◽  
pp. H1043-H1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christel O. Wambi-Kiéssé ◽  
Zvonimir S. Katusic
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Copper Zinc Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Zinc Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
A 23187 ◽  
Basilar Arteries ◽  
Copper Zinc

The superoxide anion ([Formula: see text]) appears to be an important modulator of nitric oxide (NO ⋅) bioavailability. The present study was designed to characterize the role of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) in endothelium-dependent relaxations. Cu/Zn SOD was inhibited with the Cu2+chelator diethyldithiocarbamic acid (DETCA). In isolated canine basilar arteries, DETCA (7.6 × 10−3 M) inhibited total vascular SOD activity by 46% ( P < 0.0001, n = 6–8 dogs). DETCA (7.6 × 10−3M) significantly reduced relaxations to bradykinin and A-23187 ( P < 0.05, n = 7–11). The inhibitory effect of DETCA was abolished by the [Formula: see text]scavenger 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid (Tiron; 9.4 × 10−3 M; P < 0.05, n = 6–13). Tiron significantly potentiated the relaxations to bradykinin in control rings ( P < 0.05, n = 13), and the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N ω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME; 3 × 10−4 M) abolished these relaxations ( P < 0.0001, n = 6). DETCA and Tiron had no effect on the relaxations to diethylamine-NONOate or forskolin ( P > 0.05, n = 6). Our results demonstrate that endothelium-dependent relaxations mediated by NO ⋅ are impaired after the inhibition of Cu/Zn SOD. Relaxations to bradykinin (but not A-23187) were significantly augmented by Tiron. Pharmacological scavenging of [Formula: see text]reverses the effect of Cu/Zn SOD inhibition.

scholarly journals Quantitative Histochemical Assay for Superoxide Dismutase in Rat Brain

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 865-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Viggiano ◽  
Davide Viggiano ◽  
Andrea Viggiano ◽  
Bruno De Luca
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Histochemical Method ◽  
Superoxide Anions ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Capture Method ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Major Factors

Superoxide anions are highly reactive radicals overproduced in many pathological situations such as inflammation and ischemia. One of the major factors in the protection from superoxide anions is the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide. This study presents a quantitative histochemical method to estimate SOD activity in rat brain tissue sections. This method is based on the cerium capture method and 3,3'-diaminobenzidine amplification of transition cerium compounds. Substrate for SOD was provided by reduction of oxygen during the autoxidation of riboflavin in the presence of UV light. This histochemical method reveals the overall activity of the three different forms of SOD described in mammalian tissues: cytosolic copper-zinc SOD, mitochondrial manganese SOD, and the high molecular weight extracellular SOD. Eventually, this method can be used to quantify SOD activity in tissue sections by image analysis.

The influence of UV-B radiation on the superoxide dismutase of maize, potato, sorghum, and wheat leaves

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Santos ◽  
José Almeida ◽  
Roberto Salema
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Sod Isoforms ◽  
Pioneer Plants ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Inhibition Studies

The influence of UV-B radiation on superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) with reference to the activity and types of isoenzymes was studied in leaves of C3 plants (potato, Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Désirée, and wheat, Triticum aestivum L. var. Almansor) and C4 plants (maize, Zea mays L. var. LG12, and sorghum, Sorghum Pr 8515 Pioneer). Plants were grown under controlled conditions in growth chambers with and without UV-B radiation. After 10 days of irradiation it was found that UV-B affected both the total activity of SOD and the number and amount of isoforms in all plants. The total specific activity of SOD increased significantly in wheat, maize, and potato, whereas a decline was induced in sorghum. Native gels revealed that UV-B caused preferential changes of the SOD isoforms in all plants used. Inhibition studies with cyanide and hydrogen peroxide showed that, in maize, UV-B radiation caused a large accumulation of one Mn-SOD and in contrast the level of the Cu,Zn-SOD isoforms decreased. In potato leaves, UV-B changed the pattern of SOD isoenzymes causing the appearance of one isoform and the disappearance of another. In wheat and sorghum the pattern of the isoenzymes was not altered, only their relative amounts. The rise in SOD activity in maize, potato, and wheat is possibly correlated with the tolerance of UV-B ascribed to these crops by different researchers and the sensitivity of sorghum to UV-B is possibly associated with the decrease in SOD activity.Key words: superoxide dismutase, UV-B, maize, potato, sorghum, wheat.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity ofDictyocaulus viviparusand its inhibition by antibody from infected and vaccinated bovine hosts

Parasitology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Britton ◽  
D. P. Knox ◽  
M. W. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Dictyocaulus Viviparus ◽  
Chemical Assay ◽  
Parasite Stage ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
High Level ◽  
Antibody Inhibition

SUMMARYThe presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the bovine lungwormDictyocaulus viviparuswas examined using the xanthine–xanthine oxidase assay system and by non-denaturing PAGE followed by specific enzyme staining. High levels of activity were detected in excretory–secretory (ES) products of adult worms and in soluble extracts of both the L3 and adult stages of the parasite. Stage-specific and ES-specific activities were indicated by differences in SOD isoenzyme profiles between adult and larval parasite extracts and between adult extract and ES products, with a fast migrating activity being specific to ES products. All isoenzymes were sensitive to cyanide, indicating copper/zinc dependency. The antigenicity of ES SOD was demonstrated by a reduction in SOD activity in both the chemical assay and non-denaturing PAGE following incubation of parasite ES products with IgG antibody purified from serum of infected or vaccinated bovine hosts. The high level of SOD activity released by adultD. viviparusmay be a reflection of the problems faced by a parasite occupying an oxygen-rich environment. Antibody inhibition of SOD may, therefore, be an important target of protective immunity.

scholarly journals Superoxide dismutase and lipid hydroperoxides in blood and endometrial tissue of patients with benign, hyperplastic and malignant endometrium

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snežana Pejić ◽  
Ana Todorović ◽  
Vesna Stojiljković ◽  
Dragana Cvetković ◽  
Nenad Lučić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Endometrial Tissue ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Copper Zinc Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Gynecological Disorders ◽  
Zinc Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Therapy Target

Epidemiological and experimental data point to involvement of oxygen derived radicals in the pathogenesis of gynecological disorders, as well as in cancer development. The objective of the present study was to examine changes in activities and levels of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) in blood and endometrial tissue of patients diagnosed with uterine myoma, endometrial polypus, hyperplasia simplex, hyperplasia complex and adenocarcinoma endometrii. The results of our study have shown decreased SOD activities and unchanged SOD protein level in blood of all examined patients in comparison to healthy subjects. Decrease of both SOD activity and level was found in endometrium of patients with hyperplasia simplex, hyperplasia complex and adenocarcinoma in comparison to women with polypus or myoma. LOOH level was elevated in both tissues of patients with hyperplasiaor adenocarcinoma in comparison to healthy subjects or patients with benign diagnosis. Our findings suggest that the decrease in SOD activity and level, as well as the increase in LOOH level, in patients with gynecological disorders, render these patients more susceptible to oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). An imbalance in ROS formation and SOD level may be important in the pathogenesis and/or perpetuation of tissue damage in gynecological patients. Since evidence suggests that SOD may be a therapy target for cancer treatment, our findings provide a basis for further research and options for clinical applications.

Effects of Bacillus subtilis on jejunal integrity, redox status and microbial composition of intrauterine growth restriction suckling piglets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yun ◽  
Shuli Ji ◽  
Ge Yu ◽  
Peilu Jia ◽  
Yu Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Intestinal Integrity ◽  
Suckling Piglets

Abstract The present study used intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) piglets as an animal model to determine the effect of Bacillus subtilis on intestinal integrity, antioxidant capacity, and microbiota in the jejunum of suckling piglets. In total, 8 normal birth weight (NBW) newborn piglets (1.62 ± 0.10 kg) and 16 newborn IUGR piglets (0.90 ± 0.08 kg) were selected and assigned to 3 groups. Piglets were orally gavaged with 10 mL sterile saline (NBW and IUGR groups), IUGR piglets were orally gavaged with 10 mL/d bacterial fluid (Bacillus subtilis diluted in sterile saline, gavage in the dose of 2 × 109 colony-forming units per kg of body weight) (IBS group) (n = 8). IUGR induced jejunal barrier dysfunction and redox status imbalance of piglets, and changed the abundances of bacteria in the jejunum. Treatment with Bacillus subtilis increased (P &lt; 0.05) the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VH/CD) in the jejunum, decreased (P &lt; 0.05) the plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, and enhanced (P &lt; 0.05) the gene expressions of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), Occludin and Claudin-1 in the jejunum of IUGR piglets. Treatment with Bacillus subtilis decreased (P &lt; 0.05) the concentration of protein carbonyl (PC), and increased (P &lt; 0.05) the activities of catalase (CAT) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in the jejunum of IUGR piglets. Treatment with Bacillus subtilis also increased (P &lt; 0.05) gene expressions of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), CAT, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), as well as the protein expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), SOD1, and Nrf2 in the jejunum of IUGR piglets. Treatment with Bacillus subtilis also improved the abundances and the community structure of bacteria in the jejunum of IUGR piglets. These results suggested that IUGR damaged the jejunal barrier function and antioxidant capacity of suckling piglets, altered the abundances of bacteria in the jejunum. Treatment with Bacillus subtilis improved the intestinal integrity and antioxidant capacity, while also improved the abundances and structure of bacteria in the jejunum of suckling piglets.

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