The Influence of Driving Time upon Shopping Center Preference

1968 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Brunner ◽  
John L. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Customer Behavior ◽  
Shopping Center ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Statistical Nature ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Driving Time ◽  
Quantitative Manner ◽  
The Subject

Perhaps the most surprising thing about our knowledge of planned shopping centers is the gap of quantitative information available on the subject. The literature abounds with judgments, insights, and discussions on the significance of population, household income, and similar variables; but presentations of a statistical nature are few and far between. This article considers the trade area dimensions of shopping centers by observing, in a quantitative manner, the significance of travel time on customer behavior.

Other Dimensions Involved in Shopping Center Preference

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Cox ◽  
Ernest F. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Shopping Center ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Customer Preference ◽  
Driving Time ◽  
Cleveland Ohio

What determines customer preference for shopping centers? How important is driving time? A study of driving times for shoppers in seven shopping centers in Cleveland, Ohio is reported and compared with the findings of an earlier study published in the JOURNAL OF MARKETING.

scholarly journals Virtual Environment as a Space of Shopping Center Customer Engagement

2021 ◽  
Vol 4/2021 (94) ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Maciejewski ◽  
◽  
Piotr Krowicki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Customer Engagement ◽  
Shopping Center ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Subject

Purpose: The aim of the article is to identify online customer engagement in shopping centers (SC). Design/methodology/approach: The research was based on secondary and primary sources. The secondary sources are the subject literature, while the primary sources were obtained through netnographic research carried out on the basis of the analysis of affiliate pages of the Facebook social platform and the Google review platform of the 25 largest Polish shopping centers. Findings: The frequency of publishing posts by shopping malls and areas of customer engagement were identified. The research results show large differences between shopping centers in terms of customer engagement in a virtual environment and identify areas of customer engagement in shopping centers on the internet. Research limitations/implications: The authors of the article are aware of the limitations of their research: the analysis of statements in social media does not have to overlap with oral statements in an offline real environment. Moreover, the research results presented should only be referred to the environment of Facebook and Google. However, the variety of social media is very large, and according to the literature on the subject, the type of medium can have a large impact on the CE phenomenon. The research could be expanded by making the analysis of the type of content published by shopping centers (e.g. news, entertainment posts, shopping posts, etc.), by dividing them into categories and drawing attention to the relationships between the type of content published and the level of engagement. It could also be interesting to identify the relationship between the level and areas of customer engagement and the generation of the shopping center. Originality/value: The analysis presented in the article is of great cognitive importance. As far as the authors of the article know, this is the first publication on the engagement of a shopping center customer. The obtained results may be helpful for managers of shopping centers: they draw attention to the scale and particular areas of this phenomenon

Computerized color perimetry in multiple sclerosis

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Accornero ◽  
S Rinalduzzi ◽  
M Capozza ◽  
E Millefiorini ◽  
G C Filligoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Color Perimetry ◽  
Field Defects

Color visual field analysis has proven highly sensitive for early visual impairments diagnosis in MS, yet it has never attained widespread popularity usually because the procedure is difficult to standardize, the devices are costly, and the test is fatiguing. We propose a computerized procedure running on standard PC, cost effective, clonable, and easy handled. Two hundred and sixty-four colored patches subtending 18 angle of vision, with selected hues and low saturation levels are sequentially and randomly displayed on gray equiluminous background of the PC screen subtending 2486408 angle of vision. The subject is requested to press a switch at the perception of the stimulus. The output provides colored maps with quantitative information. Comparison between normals and a selected population of MS patients with no actual luminance visual field defects, showed high statistical difference.

scholarly journals Lokasi Ritel

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Fadillah
Keyword(s):  
Central Business District ◽  
Shopping Center ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Business District

Lokasi Ritel seringkali menjadi keputusan sangat penting yang dibuat oleh ritel, karena pertimbangan berikut:PERTAMA, Lokasi merupakan pertimbangan utama bagi konsumen dalam memilih ritelKEDUA, keputusan memilih lokasi ritel merupakan strategi penting. Karena ritel dapat menggunakannya sebagai keuntungan untuk bersaingAda 3 tipe Lokasi Dasar yang bisa dipilih oleh Ritel :A.Shopping CentersB.City or Town LocationsC.Freestanding LocationsRitel pun dapat memilih tempat di lokasi nontradisional seperti airport atau lokasi lainnyaSHOPPING CENTERSIstilah Shopping Center sudah dikenal sejak awal tahun 1950-an.Shopping Center merupakan grup ritel dan bisnis lain yang direncanakan, dibangun, dimiliki dan dimanage sebagai satu kepemilikan.Bentuk Shopping Center ada dua :1.Strip Shopping Center. Yaitu Shopping Centers yang umumnya mempunyai tempat parkir langsung di depan toko. Canopy terbuka membuat mudah akses ke toko, namun kelemahannya tidak mempunyai area jalan yang menghubungkan dengan toko lain2.Malls. Yaitu Shopping Centers yang menyediakan area parkir di tempat terpisah dari toko (terpencil)dan pelanggan akan berjalan untuk menuju toko. Mall memiliki ruas jalan yang diapit toko (berhadapan) untuk dilalui konsumen. CITY OR TOWN LOCATIONSSekalipun shopping center ini berada di kota besar, lokasi ritel ini bertipe tidak direncanakan, dimiliki banyak pemilik, dan mempunyai akses langsung dari jalan.The Central Business District merupakan area bisnis tradisional yang berada di keramaian kota dalam suatu kota besar.

scholarly journals Evacuation Safety Evaluation in the Event of a Fire in a Shopping Center with a Connected Passageway in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
Seo-Young Kim, Ha-Sung Kong
Keyword(s):  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Shopping Center ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
The Third ◽  
Evacuation Safety ◽  
Evacuation Route

In this study, scenarios were developed to evaluate evacuation safety in the event of a fire in a shopping center with a connected passageway and to reduce Required Safe Egress Time (RSET). The RSET for all occupants by scenario is as follows: The first scenario which used the general evacuation route took 20 minutes and 7 seconds. The second scenario which used the third floor’s connected passageway for third and fourth floor, and using first floor entrance for first and second floor to evacuate took 14 minutes and 11 seconds. The evacuation time was 36 minutes and 52 seconds for scenario 3, which only used the fire escape stairs. The fourth scenario took 4 minutes and 19 seconds and used a connected passageway on every floor. Overall, this study shows that RSET for all occupants is reduced when a connected passageway is installed on every floor in shopping centers. Henceforth, more research is needed to determine whether connected passageway is a single firefighting object or a separate structure.

Opportunities for Data Mining and Customer Knowledge Management for Shopping Centres

2003 ◽  
pp. 154-172
Author(s):  
Charles Dennis ◽  
David Marsland ◽  
Tony Cockett
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Knowledge Management System ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Customer Knowledge ◽  
Management Study ◽  
Customer Knowledge Management ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Uk

Shopping centers are an important part of the UK economy and have been the subject of considerable research. Relying on complex interdependencies between shoppers, retailers and owners, shopping centers are ideal for knowledge management study. Nevertheless, although retailers have been in the forefront of data mining, little has been written on customer knowledge management for shopping centers. In this chapter, the authors aim to demonstrate the possibilities and draw attention to the possible implications of improving customer satisfaction. Aspects of customer knowledge management for shopping centers are considered using analogies drawn from an exploratory questionnaire survey. The objectives of a customer knowledge management system could include increasing rental incomes and bringing new life back into shopping centers and towns.

scholarly journals I. The emission of electrons under the influence of chemical action

1922 ◽  
Vol 222 (594-604) ◽  
pp. 1-43 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electromotive Force ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
Chemical Action ◽  
Spherical Source ◽  
Spherical Electrode ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1.—Several investigators have claimed that electrons are emitted from metals under the influence of chemical action, but the only claim which seems well substantiated is that of Haber and Just, who found that when drops of cæsium or of the liquid alloy of sodium and potassium are attacked, at a low pressure, by a number of chemically active gases, the drops lose a negative but not a positive electric charge. The electric currents set up with the drops negatively charged are stopped by the application in a suitable manner of relatively small magnetic fields. This shows that the currents are carried by electrons emitted from the drops. The object of the present investigation has been to obtain quantitative information about this interesting phenomenon, and, more especially, to ascertain the magnitude of the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons and the mode of its distribution among them. The importance of the subject lies in the fact that it is the only way, so far as I am aware, in which any information at all can be made available as to the distribution of energy among the individual products—molecular, atomic, ionic or electronic—of a chemical reaction. The majority of the experiments have been directed towards obtain­ing the curves showing the relation between the chemical electron current and the applied electromotive force for the case of a small spherical source concentric with a large spherical electrode.

ESTIMATION OF HAIR ARSENIC AND STATISTICAL NATURE OF ARSENICOSIS IN HIGHLY ARSENIC EXPOSED BANGLISH VILLAGE IN COMILLA DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 101-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD. SHAFIQUL ISLAM ◽  
KOICHIRO SERA ◽  
TOSHIHIRO TAKATSUJI ◽  
MD. ANWAR HOSSAIN ◽  
TSUYOSHI NAKAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Statistical Nature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Contaminated Drinking Water ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Pixe Method ◽  
Total Environment

This study was carried out to investigate biological and statistical nature of arsenicosis risks on a severely arsenic ( As ) affected population in the Banglish village in Comilla district of Bangladesh. Subject's hair As and vegetables As levels were estimated by PIXE method, and arsenicosis status of the subject was examined by a physician. Arsenicosis was found in 45% female and 61% male subjects. Arsenic levels > 0.50 ppm showed greater arsenicosis risks that significantly varied with subject's sex and age. Unlike children, young (≥10 years) to middle aged (~49 years) population were significantly affected by arsenicosis. Logistic regression model analysis showed that arsenicosis risks are not only the devastating toxicity of As accumulation in human body through ingestion of contaminated drinking water, but the summation of all sources of As accumulation. Human hair As levels were found as the biomarker ranging from 0.03-8.3 μg/g in stage I arsenicosis patients, and from 1.1-56.9 ppm in the stage II patients up to 49 age. Hair As level was declined to 2.2-25.5 ppm at > 49 aged population. The findings inferred that groundwater As affecting the public health through contaminating total environment, that in turn posing an alarming situation in the study area.

Power, Conflict and Satisfaction: Perceptions of Shopping Center Based Small Retailers

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Jack Dart
Keyword(s):  
Shopping Center ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Several Variables

With shopping centers capturing an increasing share of the consumer dollar, many small retailers have located in these complexes. In so doing, they agree to operate within a elaborate set of regulations which prescribe many merchandising practices and which are enforced by the shopping center manager. This paper deals with the satisfaction of small retailers with these arrangements and the extent of conflict they experience with the center manager. Several variables are examined to determine their ability to predict these conflict and satisfaction levels.

scholarly journals Espaço Público e Shopping Center na Cidade Contemporânea: Novos Significados do North Shopping em Fortaleza - CE

2012 ◽  
pp. 128-155
Author(s):  
Tiago Estevam Gonçalves ◽  
Tatiane Rodrigues Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Shopping Center ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Private Space ◽  
The Public ◽  
The North ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The City

Iniciar uma reflexão acerca da cidade atual nos remete à necessidade de construirmos uma análise sobre os shopping centers como espaços que tem atraído um fluxo considerável da população, ocasionando mudanças na relação dos citadinos com os espaços públicos.  Nesta perspectiva, temos como objetivo analisar o  North Shopping, localizado na cidade de Fortaleza, como um espaço de uso popular onde as camadas de menor poder aquisitivo podem adentrar e usufruir de seus atributos. Imbuídos de tal finalidade nosso aporte teórico fundamentou-se em Pintaudi (1992), Dantas (1995), Silva (1996) Lefebvre (1999), Carlos (2001), Gomes (2002) e Serpa (2007). Conclui-se que na cidade de Fortaleza, o North Shopping é um verdadeiro simulacro da realidade, substituindo as experiências cotidianas dos espaços públicos, configurando-se, assim, a supervalorização do espaço privado que se traveste de público tendo repercussões na nova urbanidade fortalezense.  Public Space and Shopping Mall in the Contemporary City: New Meanings of North Shopping in Fortaleza/CE  Abstract Start a discussion about the current city us the need to build an analysis on malls as spaces that have attracted a considerable  flow of people, causing changes in the relationships of the townspeople with the public spaces. In this perpective, we have to anlyze the North Shopping, located in Fortaleza, as a space where the popular use of lower purchasing power can enter and enjoy its atributes. Imbued with this purpose our theoretival approach was bases on Pintaudi (1992), Dantas (1995), Silva (1996) Lefebvre (1999), Carlos (2001), Gomes (2002) e Serpa (2007).  It’s concluded that in the city of Fortaleza, the North Shopping is a true simulation of reality, replacing the daily experiences of public spaces, becoming  thusovervaluation of private space of public who dresss as having impact on new fortaleza’s urbanity. Espacio Público y Centro Comercial en Ciudad Contemporánea: Nuevos Sentidos del North Shopoing en la Fortaleza/CE ResumenIniciar uma reflexión acerca de la actual ciudad nos recuerda la necesidad de construir um análisis acerca de los centros comerciales como espacios que han atraído um flujo considerable de personas, provocando câmbios en la relación de los habitantes de la ciudad com los espacios públicos. Em esta perspectiva, tenemos que analisar el North Shopping, que se encuentra en Fortaleza, como um espacio de uso popular donde lãs camadas de menor poder adquisitivo pueden entrar y disfrutar de sus atributos. Imbuido de esa finalidad nuestro aporte teórico se fundamento em: Pintaudi (1992), Dantas (1995), Silva (1996) Lefebvre (1999), Carlos (2001), Gomes (2002) y Serpa (2004). Se puede concluir que en la ciudad de Fortaleza el North Shopping es uma  verdadera simulación de la realidad, sustituición de las experiencias diárias de los espacios públicos, convertiéndose, asó, la sobrevaluación del espacio privado que se passa por el público tenendo impactos en la nueva urbanidad de Fortaleza.10.7147/GEO10.1573

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