Meeting Future Food Needs: the Potential Role of Potato in South Asia

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Saleem Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Food Demand ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Cereal Yields

It is cereals that are relied on to meet the food needs of the majority of the world's people. And for very good reasons: they are relatively easy to grow and harvest, and convenient to handle, store and cook. They also have high nutritional values. The development and spread of high-yielding wheat, rice and maize varieties in the 1960s and 70s — at a time when prospects of widespread famine loomed large in the minds of policymakers — increased the importance of cereals. It also postponed by about half a century the threat of the Malthusian catastrophe. But to what extent can we continue to hope for increases in cereal yields to help meet the increasing food demand of our spiralling population, especially when we seem to be running out of additional land to bring under cultivation? Perhaps instead of continuing to put all our eggs in one basket, we should consider examining the role of other food crops as well. In South Asia, potato appears to be a promising crop to consider. It yields 2–3 times more than cereals, and also provides more energy and protein per hectare.

scholarly journals Rethinking Development Strategy –The Importance of the Rural Non Farm Economy in Growth and Poverty Reduction in Pakistan

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 189-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Jehangir Malik
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Agricultural Growth ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The 1960S

The structural transformation of Pakistan’s economy has not been accompanied by a concomitant decline in the proportion of labor employed in agriculture. While this transformation has resulted in a non-farm sector that is large and growing it has not lead to the rapid absorption of the pool of relatively low productivity labor away from the agriculture sector, as predicted by conventional development theory embodied in the models of the 1960s. Despite the obvious importance of the role of a vibrant rural non-farm economy (RNFE), and in particular, a vibrant non-farm services sector to address the challenges of poverty, food security, agricultural growth and rural development, this sector has received inadequate attention in the debate in Pakistan. Based on a review of literature and data from two large surveys – the Rural Investment Climate Survey of Pakistan 2005 and the Surveys of Domestic Commerce 2007 – this paper attempts to analyze the factors underlying the low level of development of the rural non farm economy and the potential role it can play in Pakistan’s economic development.

scholarly journals Liposomes in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (101) ◽  
pp. 20140459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Monteiro ◽  
Albino Martins ◽  
Rui L. Reis ◽  
Nuno M. Neves
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Biomaterial Scaffolds ◽  
Bioactive Agents ◽  
The 1960S

Liposomes are vesicular structures made of lipids that are formed in aqueous solutions. Structurally, they resemble the lipid membrane of living cells. Therefore, they have been widely investigated, since the 1960s, as models to study the cell membrane, and as carriers for protection and/or delivery of bioactive agents. They have been used in different areas of research including vaccines, imaging, applications in cosmetics and tissue engineering. Tissue engineering is defined as a strategy for promoting the regeneration of tissues for the human body. This strategy may involve the coordinated application of defined cell types with structured biomaterial scaffolds to produce living structures. To create a new tissue, based on this strategy, a controlled stimulation of cultured cells is needed, through a systematic combination of bioactive agents and mechanical signals. In this review, we highlight the potential role of liposomes as a platform for the sustained and local delivery of bioactive agents for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Lahan Gambut Menjadi Lahan Potensial untuk Menjaga Ketahanan Pangan di Kalimantan Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
Budiman Tampubolon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Personal Consumption ◽  
Food Needs

The role of the agricultural sector as a provider of food and non-food sources is directly related to the 2030 SDGs target of eradicating poverty and hunger. In Kubu Raya, one of the developing areas in the agricultural sector is Rasau Jaya District, with main crops being food crops and vegetables for food security. Agricultural land in Rasau Jaya District is dominated by peatlands with 14,371,392 hectares area. This study aims to determine the form of peatland use into potential land, the role of agriculture as a provider of food and non-food sources, and the form of its use. The method used is remote sensing method and survey method. The results showed that land use in the Rasau Jaya District included rice fields, gardens, fields, moor, yards, settlements, forests, shrubs, water bodies, and vacant land. Food crop agricultural products are used to meet food needs as well as non-food needs such as education and health. Most people use the harvest for personal consumption and for sale. There are still not many people in Rasau Jaya District who process agricultural products into a product. Farmers sell their crops in several ways, among others: directly sold to consumers, sold directly to the market by opening their own kiosks, deposited with middlemen and agents, and taken by investors who invest in farmers. Keywords: peatlands, food security, food crops

scholarly journals The Impact of Tax and Expenditures Policies on Income Distribution: Evidence from Pakistan

ETIKONOMI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-384
Author(s):  
Suhrab Khan ◽  
Ihtisham Ul haq Padda
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Social Spending ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Social Expenditures ◽  
The Impact

Tax and social expenditure policies have a crucial role in income distribution. This study explores the potential role of taxation and social expenditure policies in income redistribution in South Asia. For this purpose, empirical analysis is conducted by Fixed Effect (FE) and Instrumental Variable (IV) FE models. The analysis suggests that both taxation and social expenditures policies effectively reduce income inequality in South Asia. These findings indicate that social spending and taxation can be used as a policy tool to redistribute income in developing countries. The results also indicate that higher social spending, increased direct taxes, and more reliance on foreign debts can ameliorate the income distribution. Based on the results, it can be suggested that for this region, with the low level of taxes, direct taxes, a large informal economy, and other weak features of tax administration, more reliance on direct taxes and social expenditure policies should be the primary tool for income redistribution.JEL Classification: H2, H5, I3How to Cite:Khan, S., & Padda, I. U. H. (2021). The Impact of Tax and Social Expenditure Policies on Income Distribution: Evidence from South Asia. Etikonomi, 20(2), xx – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i2.18121.

scholarly journals Constraining the chronology and ecology of Late Acheulean and Middle Palaeolithic occupations at the margins of the monsoon

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Blinkhorn ◽  
Hema Achyuthan ◽  
Julie Durcan ◽  
Patrick Roberts ◽  
Jana Ilgner
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
South Asian Monsoon ◽  
Middle Palaeolithic ◽  
Thar Desert ◽  
The West ◽  
Western Margin

AbstractSouth Asia hosts the world’s youngest Acheulean sites, with dated records typically restricted to sub-humid landscapes. The Thar Desert marks a major adaptive boundary between monsoonal Asia to the east and the Saharo-Arabian desert belt to the west, making it a key threshold to examine patterns of hominin ecological adaptation and its impacts on patterns of behaviour, demography and dispersal. Here, we investigate Palaeolithic occupations at the western margin of the South Asian monsoon at Singi Talav, undertaking new chronometric, sedimentological and palaeoecological studies of Acheulean and Middle Palaeolithic occupation horizons. We constrain occupations of the site between 248 and 65 thousand years ago. This presents the first direct palaeoecological evidence for landscapes occupied by South Asian Acheulean-producing populations, most notably in the main occupation horizon dating to 177 thousand years ago. Our results illustrate the potential role of the Thar Desert as an ecological, and demographic, frontier to Palaeolithic populations.

scholarly journals The Nexus between Madrasa and Politics: Analysing Political role of Madrasas in Pakistan and Afghanistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 91-111
Author(s):  
Hidayet Siddikoglu
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Political Identities ◽  
Historical Changes ◽  
Political Role ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Potential Tool

This article analyses political role of madrasas in Pakistan and Afghanistan from a historical perspective to see how they have played key roles in shaping political and strategic agendas of state and non-state actors in South Asia. Consequently, this undertaking adopts the historicist approach in which it will emphasise the importance of madrasa history in order to understand historical changes and demonstrate their potential role as tool to exert political and strategic interests of state and non-state actors in Afghanistan and Pakistan. It argues that although madrasas are generally considered as centres for Islamic religious education, their roles vary amongst countries with different forms of social, cultural, and political structures. This paper concludes that in countries such as Afghanistan and Pakistan - under the tense political and strategic pressure of regional and international powers - where Islam depicts social, cultural, and political identities of Muslims, some madrasas play a key role as potential tool to exert political and strategic interests of state and non-state actors.

Why Artificial Intelligence Will Not Outsmart Complex Knowledge Work

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1058-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lene Pettersen
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Knowledge Work ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Complex Problem Solving ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Complex Knowledge ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

The potential role of artificial intelligence in improving organisations’ performance and productivity has been promoted regularly and vociferously since the 1960s. Artificial intelligence is today reborn out of big business, similar to the occurrences surrounding big data in the 1990s, and expectations are high regarding AI’s potential role in businesses. This article discusses different aspects of knowledge work that tend to be ignored in the debate about whether or not artificial intelligence systems are a threat to jobs. A great deal of knowledge work concerns highly complex problem solving and must be understood in contextual, social and relational terms. These aspects have no generic nor universal rules and solutions and, thus, cannot be easily replaced by artificial intelligence or programmed into computer systems, nor are they constructed based on models of the rational brain. In this respect, this article draws on philosopher Herbert Dreyfus’ thesis regarding artificial intelligence.

POPDC proteins and cardiac function

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1393-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brand
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
And Function

Abstract The Popeye domain-containing gene family encodes a novel class of cAMP effector proteins in striated muscle tissue. In this short review, we first introduce the protein family and discuss their structure and function with an emphasis on their role in cyclic AMP signalling. Another focus of this review is the recently discovered role of POPDC genes as striated muscle disease genes, which have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. The pathological phenotypes observed in patients will be compared with phenotypes present in null and knockin mutations in zebrafish and mouse. A number of protein–protein interaction partners have been discovered and the potential role of POPDC proteins to control the subcellular localization and function of these interacting proteins will be discussed. Finally, we outline several areas, where research is urgently needed.

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