scholarly journals Association Between Perceived Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Loprinzi ◽  
Emily Frith
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symbol Substitution ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Future Work

There is irrefutable evidence that regular participation in physical activity is favorably associated with numerous positive health outcomes, including cognitive function. Emerging work suggests that perceived physical activity, independent of actual physical activity behavior, is inversely associated with mortality risk. In this study, we evaluate whether perceived physical activity, independent of actual physical activity, is associated with cognitive function, a robust indicator of mortality risk. Data from the cross-sectional 1999–2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were employed ( N = 2352; 60+ years of age). Actual physical activity was assessed via a validated survey. Perceived physical activity was assessed using the following question: “Compared with others of the same age, would you say that you are: more active, less active, or about the same?” Cognitive function was assessed from the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. When examined in separate models, both actual and perceived physical activity were positively and statistically significantly associated with cognitive function. However, when considered in the same model, actual physical activity was no longer statistically significantly associated with cognitive function, but perceived physical activity was. Perceived physical activity, independent of actual physical activity, is independently associated with cognitive function. If these findings are replicated, future work should consider evaluating perceived physical activity when examining the effects of actual physical activity behavior on cognitive function.

Prevalence of Physical Activity Among Lebanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Al-Tannir ◽  
Samer Kobrosly ◽  
Taha Itani ◽  
Mariam El-Rajab ◽  
Sawsan Tannir
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Background:This survey aims to assess the prevalence of physical activity among adult Lebanese, and to report the relationship between sociodemographic variables and physical activity behavior, highlighting the correlates discouraging people to carry out physical activity.Methods:A cross-sectional study using an anonymous self-reported questionnaire was conducted on 346 adults from four Lebanese districts. Demographic characteristics, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and medical history were obtained.Results:Prevalence of physical activity among Lebanese adults was 55.5% (192/346). Age, BMI, marital status, medical history, occupation, educational level, and smoking were significantly associated with physical activity (P < .05). Inactive obese participants were about three times more likely to report hypertension and diabetes than inactive normal weight participants (P = .013). BMI was significantly higher among inactive participants (P = .014).Conclusion:Physical activity among Lebanese adults was comparable to other populations. Married, non–office workers, and smokers were the main correlates of physical inactivity in Lebanese adulthood.

Physical Activity Behavior and Competing Activities: Interrelations in 55- to 70-Year-Old Germans

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Cihlar ◽  
Sonia Lippke
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Active Citizenship ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Behavior

In this study, we draw attention to time-competing activities and psychological variables as impeding or enabling factors of physical activity behavior in 55- to 70-year-old Germans. Cross-sectional data was used (n = 4,891). Results indicate that paid work has a negative relationship with sufficient physical activity. Persons who provide nursing care seem to be motivated to achieve sufficient physical activity behavior, but do not meet established recommendations. Active citizenship positively relates to higher physical activity levels. The investment of energy in life domains and a distinct internal locus of control characterize motivated underachievers. Those sufficiently physically active show higher values in conscientiousness. This suggests that time-consuming and strongly externally determined activities like nursing care and paid work hinder a sufficient level of physical activity, even if the motivation is existent. Active citizenship and physical activity seem to be linked processes.

Abstract P176: Moderate Physical Activity and Sleep Duration as Predictors of Cognitive Function in Older Adults With Hypertension: NHANES 2011-2014

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Hoffmann ◽  
Megan E Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Symbol Substitution

Introduction: Hypertension is associated with increased risk for cognitive decline. Lifestyle behaviors such as moderate physical activity (MPA) and adequate sleep duration may mitigate this decline, though limited research exists. The aim of the study was to examine the joint association of MPA and sleep duration on cognitive function by hypertension status. Methods: Adults (n=2976, ≥60yrs) from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were assessed for their habitual sleep duration (<7, 7-8.9, ≥9hr) , self-reported participation in regular MPA (yes/no), reported physician-diagnosed hypertension (yes/no), and cognitive function (Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST]; Animal Fluency test). Weighted linear regression analyses were conducted to assess joint association of sleep duration and MPA on cognitive function, and test the modifying effect of hypertension status (alpha level set at 0.1) after adjustment for demographics. Results: See Table. There were significant main effects for combined MPA and sleep duration on DSST (Wald F (5,28)=5.33, p =.001) and Animal Fluency (Wald F (5,28)=2.58, p =.05). Participants who did not engage in MPA regardless of sleep duration had significantly worse cognitive function compared to participants who engaged in MPA and obtained 7-8.9hr sleep. There was a significant interaction between MPA-sleep duration groups and hypertension status on DSST (Wald F (5,28)=2.42, p =.06), but not on Animal Fluency. Stratified analyses indicated among individuals with hypertension the buffering effect of MPA regardless of sleep duration was maintained, but not for individuals without hypertension. Conclusions: In a sample of adults, regular MPA predicted better cognitive outcomes regardless of sleep duration. Among individuals with hypertension regular MPA regardless of sleep duration was significantly associated with better executive function, but no such association was found among individuals without hypertension.

Social Cognitive Correlates of Physical Activity: Findings From a Cross-Sectional Study of Adults With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoojin Suh ◽  
Madeline Weikert ◽  
Deirdre Dlugonski ◽  
Brian Sandroff ◽  
Robert W. Motl
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Activity Behavior

Background:Persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) are often physically inactive and sedentary. This observation has prompted the search for modifiable variables derived from established theories that act as correlates of physical activity. Such variables would presumably represent targets for interventions designed to promote change in physical activity behavior among persons with MS. The current study examined social cognitive variables as correlates of physical activity in persons with MS.Methods:Persons (N = 218) with relapsing-remitting MS completed a questionnaire battery that assessed physical activity behavior; self-efficacy for physical activity; physical, social, and self-evaluative outcome expectations for exercise, functional limitations as an impediment for physical activity, and exercise goal-setting. The battery was delivered and returned through the US postal service. Data were analyzed using covariance modeling in Mplus 3.0.Results:Self-efficacy had indirect effects on physical activity via impediments (path coefficient = .10, P < .005), self-evaluative outcome expectations (path coefficient = .07, P < .025), and goal-setting (path coefficient = .09, P < .01). The model explained 40% of variance in self-reported physical activity.Conclusions:This cross-sectional study suggests that self-efficacy is indirectly associated with physical activity by way of goals, self-evaluative outcome expectations, and impediments in persons with relapsing-remitting MS.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Associations of Midlife Accelerometer Determined Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity With Cognitive Function: The CARDIA Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara M. Whitaker ◽  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Kelley Pettee Gabriel ◽  
Monica Ahrens ◽  
Barbara Sternfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Digit Symbol ◽  
Auditory Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution ◽  
Auditory Verbal Learning ◽  
Symbol Substitution ◽  
Learning Test

Background To determine if accelerometer measured sedentary behavior (SED), light‐intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate‐to‐vigorous–intensity physical activity (MVPA) in midlife is prospectively associated with cognitive function. Methods and Results Participants were 1970 adults enrolled in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study who wore an accelerometer in 2005 to 2006 (ages 38–50 years) and had cognitive function assessments completed 5 and/or 10 years later. SED, LPA, and MVPA were measured by an ActiGraph 7164 accelerometer. Cognitive function tests included the Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and Stroop Test. Compositional isotemporal substitution analysis examined associations of SED, LPA, and MVPA with repeated measures of the cognitive function standardized scores. In men, statistical reallocation of 30 minutes of LPA with 30 minutes of MVPA resulted in an estimated difference of SD 0.07 (95% CI, 0.01–0.14), SD 0.09 (95% CI, 0.02–0.17), and SD −0.11 (95% CI, −0.19 to −0.04) in the Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and Stroop scores, respectively, indicating better performance. Associations were similar when reallocating time in SED with MVPA, but results were less robust. Reallocation of time in SED with LPA resulted in an estimated difference of SD −0.05 (95% CI, −0.06 to −0.03), SD −0.03 (95% CI, −0.05 to −0.01), and SD 0.05 (95% CI, 0.03– 0.07) in the Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and Stroop scores, respectively, indicating worse performance. Associations were largely nonsignificant among women. Conclusions Our findings support the idea that for men, higher‐intensity activities (MVPA) may be necessary in midlife to observe beneficial associations with cognition.

scholarly journals 2269 Day-to-day association between alcohol use and physical activity in university students

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
Scott Graupensperger ◽  
Michael B. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
University Students ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Behavior Change ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Ecological Momentary

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The goal of the present study was to advance our understanding of how alcohol use may contribute to physical inactivity among university students by investigating this association at a day-to-day level. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In total, 57 university students (Mage=20.27; 54% male) completed daily diary questionnaires using a cellphone application, which prompted them each evening to report minutes of moderate/vigorous physical activity engaged in, and number of alcoholic drinks consumed, as well as intended minutes of physical activity for the following day. Longitudinal mixed-level modeling was used to disentangle within person and between-person effects of alcohol use on physical activity behavior and intentions. Separate models were run to investigate lagged effects of previous day alcohol use. We controlled for sex and age in all models. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results indicated that participants’ usual alcohol use (between-person) was not associated with physical activity behavior or intentions. At the within-person level, day-to-day variance in alcohol use was negatively associated with both physical activity behavior (γ=−0.34, p=0.003) and intentions to engage in physical activity the following day (γ=−0.70, p<0.001). The lagged model indicated that previous day alcohol use negatively predicted PA behavior (γ=−0.33, p=0.004). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Previous studies have largely been constrained to cross-sectional designs, and have surmised that there exists a positive association between alcohol use and physical activity due to trait-level differences between university students. We advance this literature by using ecological momentary assessment to investigate the within-person effects of alcohol use on physical activity at a day-to-day level while controlling for between-person variance. Contrary to existing literature, we found that on days when students consumed relatively more alcohol than they typically report, they: (a) report fewer minutes of physical activity on the same day, (b) plan to engage in relatively less physical activity on the subsequent day, and (c) engage in less physical activity on the subsequent day. By advancing our understanding of how alcohol use may curtail other health behaviors such as physical activity, we inform interventions that aim to target these behaviors in conjunction, or as part of a multiple behavior change intervention.

Body-Related Self-Conscious Emotions Relate to Physical Activity Motivation and Behavior in Men

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andree L. Castonguay ◽  
Eva Pila ◽  
Carsten Wrosch ◽  
Catherine M. Sabiston
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
The Body ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Intrinsic Regulation ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Authentic Pride ◽  
Physical Activity Motivation

The aim of this study was to examine the associations between the body-related self-conscious emotions of shame, guilt, and pride and physical activity motivation and behavior among adult males. Specifically, motivation regulations (external, introjected, indentified, intrinsic) were examined as possible mediators between each of the body-related self-conscious emotions and physical activity behavior. A cross-sectional study was conducted with adult men ( N = 152; Mage = 23.72, SD = 10.92 years). Participants completed a questionnaire assessing body-related shame, guilt, authentic pride, hubristic pride, motivational regulations, and leisure-time physical activity. In separate multiple mediation models, body-related shame was positively associated with external and introjected regulations and negatively correlated with intrinsic regulation. Guilt was positively linked to external, introjected, and identified regulations. Authentic pride was negatively related to external regulation and positively correlated with both identified and intrinsic regulations and directly associated with physical activity behavior. Hubristic pride was positively associated with intrinsic regulation. Overall, there were both direct and indirect effects via motivation regulations between body-related self-conscious emotions and physical activity ( R2 shame = .15, guilt = .16, authentic pride = .18, hubristic pride = .16). These findings highlight the importance of targeting and understanding self-conscious emotions contextualized to the body and links to motivation and positive health behavior among men.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of changes in physical activity behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic among US adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen B. Watson ◽  
Geoffrey P. Whitfield ◽  
George Huntzicker ◽  
John D. Omura ◽  
Emily Ussery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Black Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
White Adults ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Background Physical activity (PA) provides numerous health benefits relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, concerns exist that PA levels may have decreased during the pandemic thus exacerbating health disparities. This study aims to determine changes in and locations for PA and reasons for decreased PA during the pandemic. Methods Reported percentage of changes in and locations for PA and reasons for decreased PA were examined in 3829 US adults who completed the 2020 SummerStyles survey. Results Overall, 30% reported less PA, and 50% reported no change or no activity during the pandemic; percentages varied across subgroups. Adults who were non-Hispanic Black (Black) or Hispanic (vs. non-Hispanic White, (White)) reported less PA. Fewer Black adults (vs. White) reported doing most PA in their neighborhood. Concern about exposure to the virus (39%) was the most common reason adults were less active. Conclusions In June 2020, nearly one-third of US adults reported decreased PA; 20% reported increased PA. Decreased activity was higher among Black and Hispanic compared to White adults; these two groups have experienced disproportionate COVID-19 impacts. Continued efforts are needed to ensure everyone has access to supports that allow them to participate in PA while still following guidance to prevent COVID-19 transmission.

scholarly journals Effect of Cognitive Reserve on the Association of Vascular Brain Injury With Cognition: Analysis of the PURE and CAHHM Studies

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012765
Author(s):  
Romella Durrani ◽  
Matthias G. Friedrich ◽  
Karleen M. Schulze ◽  
Philip Awadalla ◽  
Kumar Balasubramanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensity ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symbol Substitution ◽  
Leisure Physical Activity

Objective:To determine whether cognitive reserve attenuates the association of vascular brain injury with cognition.Methods:Cross-sectional data were analyzed from two harmonized studies: the Canadian Alliance for Healthy Hearts and Healthy Minds (CAHHM) and the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Markers of cognitive reserve were education, involvement in social activities, marital status, height, and leisure physical activity, which were combined into a composite score. Vascular brain injury was defined asnon-lacunar brain infarcts or high white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden on MRI. Cognition was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Tool (MoCA) and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST).Results:There were 10,450 participants age 35-81. Mean age was 58.8 years (range 35 to 81) and 55.8% were female. Education, moderate leisure physical activity, being in a marital partnership, being taller, and participating in social groups were each independently associated with higher cognition, as was the composite cognitive reserve score. Vascular brain injury was associated with lower cognition (beta-0.35 [95% CI -0.53 to -0.17] for MoCA and beta -2.19 [95% CI-3.22 to -1.15] for DSST)-but the association was not modified by the composite cognitive reserve variable (interaction p=0.59 for MoCA and p=0.72 for DSST).Conclusions:Both vascular brain injury and markers of cognitive reserve are associated with cognition. However, the effects were independent such that the adverse effects of covert vascular brain injury were not attenuated by higher cognitive reserve. To improve cognitive brain health, interventions to both prevent cerebrovascular disease and promote positive lifestyles are needed.

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