Funerals as Paschal Remembrance and Incorporation into the Risen Christ

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-85
Author(s):  
Sr Bénédicte Mariolle
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church ◽  
With Memory

In our contemporary cultural context, the Christian references and the ritual cues no longer work as rites provided by an ecclesiastical institution in the way that they were still able to in the 1960s. The long-term memory which guaranteed the symbolic effectiveness of this rituality has evaporated. The author identifies three ways in which people’s relationship with memory has changed: it is no longer inscribed in time and space; this goes hand in hand with a form of “virtualization” of memory; but especially of its de-institutionalization, meaning that the norms guiding the ritual are no longer founded on an institutional basis linked to a collective memory, but rather on the individual subject and his or her unique character. This is a situation which poses a challenge to the Christian tradition of funerals, precisely because this is founded on a long ritual memory, which is incarnated, and is institutional. One solution to this problem has been to adapt to the expectations and aspirations of our contemporaries by relativizing traditional ritual forms. The author suggests the real question is rather to discern the specifically Christian features of ritualizing death within the long tradition of the Church and identify the elements of this deep Christian “memory” on which certain aspects of the liturgy depend for meaning. Losing this memory would endanger the proclamation of faith and Christian hope. An important source for this rereading is Augustine’s treatise De cura gerenda pro mortuis. It provides the key to interpreting this tradition, thereby enabling a definition of the characteristics of this Christian “memory” which is operative in funerals, and saying how this serves toward building Christian identity. This enables the author to outline the features of a specifically Christian ritualization of funerals for today and the implications for proclaiming a truly paschal faith.

Reformation und politisch-gesellschaftliche Emanzipation

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Oberdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Priesthood Of All Believers ◽  
Pluralistic Society ◽  
Protestant Churches ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church ◽  
Modern Sense

AbstractThe relevance of the reformation for the development of modern liberty rights is much debated. Although the Protestant Reformers fought for the »Freedom of a Christian« against religious patronization, they were not tolerant in a modern sense of the term. However, the Reformation released long-term impulses which contributed to the origin and formation of a modern civil society, e. g. the respect for the autonomy of the individual over against the church, the passion for education, the emphasis on the »universal priesthood of all believers«, and the appreciation of civil professions. Long historical learning processes were necessary, though, until the Protestant churches acknowledged and adopted modern liberty rights, a participatory democracy and a pluralistic society as genuine forms of expression of a Protestant ethos.

scholarly journals And That is Where the Fun Ends – General Practitioners’ Conceptualisation of the Line between Recreational and Problem Gambling

2014 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dieter Egerer ◽  
Virve Marionneau
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

AbstractAIMS – Problem gambling is normally identified by fixed criteria of harm adapted from those of substance abuse and by focusing on the individual gambler. However, rigid definitions neglect institutional variations of gambling practices within different legislative configurations. This study proposes analysing the line between recreational and problem gambling by focusing on gambling behaviour and looking at the corruption of the defining factors of play (Caillois, 1958) in three different institutional contexts. DESIGN – A stimulated focus-group method (Reception Analytical Group Interview) was applied to seven groups of Finnish and French general practitioners each and three groups of German ones to study the variations of conceptualising the defining factors of play as introduced by Caillois. RESULTS – Corruption of play was distinguished by participants from all three countries as the dividing line between recreational and problem gambling, but cultural variations were found: the French and German GPs emphasised the loss of the exceptionality of gambling, whereas the Finnish GPs highlighted the invasion of the home by online gambling. Furthermore, the Finnish and German participants were more concerned about the use of gambling as an emotional regulator, while French GPs echoed the French medical model in discussing the adrenaline rush of problem gamblers. CONCLUSIONS – Caillois’ defining factors of play can be used to distinguish recreational from problem gambling and to offer a more encompassing definition of problem gambling. The perception of the line between recreational and problem gambling also seems to depend on the institutional and cultural context.

scholarly journals The Normativity of Habermas’s Public Sphere from the Vantage Point of Its Evolution

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Maciej Hułas
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Private Property ◽  
The Public ◽  
Age Of Reason ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Classical Setting ◽  
Bourgeois Culture ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Individual

The paper argues that the original normativity that provides the basis for Habermas’s model of the public sphere remains untouched at its core, despite having undergone some corrective alterations since the time of its first unveiling in the 1960s. This normative core is derived from two individual claims, historically articulated in the eighteenth-century’s “golden age” of reason and liberty as both sacred and self-evident: (1) the individual right to an unrestrained disposal of one’s private property; and (2) the individual right to formulate one’s opinion in the course of public debate. Habermas perceives the public sphere anchored to these two fundamental freedoms/rights as an arena of interactive opinion exchange with the capacity to solidly and reliably generate sound reason and public rationality. Despite its historical and cultural attachments to the bourgeois culture as its classical setting, Habermas’s model of the public sphere, due to its universal normativity, maintains its unique character, even if it has been thoroughly reformulated by social theories that run contrary to his original vision of the lifeworld, organized and ruled by autonomous rational individuals.     

scholarly journals NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES AT PATIENTS FROM OCCUPATIONAL NOISE-INDUCED HEARING LOSS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 1068-1073
Author(s):  
Oksana I. Shevchenko ◽  
D. V. Rusanova ◽  
O. L. Lakhman
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Constant Potential ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Issues of studying the central origins and development of оccupational pathology in the faces of flight personnel define a need for the application of neurophysiological and neuropsychological methods of research. Material and methods. The levels of constant potential (LCP), characteristics the somatosensory caused potentials (SSVP), neuropsychological features in 95 patients with оccupational neurosensory deafness (ONSD) and 35 cases in a group of comparison are studied. Methods of the statistical analysis with a definition of W-of criterion of Shapiro-Uilka, Mann-Whitney›s U-criterion, coefficient of correlation of Spirmen, the discriminant analysis are applied. Results. in ONSD at patients the quantity of cases with the increased values of average LCP were established to prevail significantly in comparison with those in patients of a group of comparison (39% and 13% respectively, р = 0.03), strengthening of neuropower exchange in right and left frontal, central, left central, left parietal, right temporal assignments, increase in duration of the latent period of N18, N30 components are registered (р < 0.05). The condition of the cognitive sphere was characterized by the easily expressed violations of functions of analytical and synthetic thinking, оral-aural memory, visual, long-term memory, reciprocal coordination, impressive speech. Correlation connection between the index of N13-N20 and indices characterizing a condition of long-term memory, reciprocal coordination, the expressional speech is established (rs=0.45; 0.28; 0.28 at р =0.008; 0.04; 0.03 respectively), an index the between hemispheres of the relations Fd-Fs and latency of P25 and N30 (rs = 0.53 and 0.29 at р =0.009; 0.02 respectively). Diagnostic signs of brain deficiency at patients with ONSD were indices of visual gnosis, reciprocal coordination, LCP in right central, central parietal assignments of a brain, duration of the latent period of N30, N18-N20 (F=9.14; 5.43; 6.08; 4.41 4.77; 4.34 respectively). Conclusions. Violations of power metabolism in the frontal and central and parietal and temporal assignments of a brain, a functional condition of the central carrying-out structures, disorganization of cognitive activity were established to be a consequence of the impact of aviation noise and the reason of brain deficiency.

Manifold Visual Working Memory

2020 ◽  
pp. 311-332
Author(s):  
Nicole Hakim ◽  
Edward Awh ◽  
Edward K. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
Latent Representations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Spatial Locations

Visual working memory allows us to maintain information in mind for use in ongoing cognition. Research on visual working memory often characterizes it within the context of its interaction with long-term memory (LTM). These embedded-processes models describe memory representations as existing in three potential states: inactivated LTM, including all representations stored in LTM; activated LTM, latent representations that can quickly be brought into an active state due to contextual priming or recency; and the focus of attention, an active but sharply limited state in which only a small number of items can be represented simultaneously. This chapter extends the embedded-processes framework of working memory. It proposes that working memory should be defined operationally based on neural activity. By defining working memory in this way, the important theoretical distinction between working memory and LTM is maintained, while still acknowledging that they operate together. It is additionally proposed that active working memory should be further subdivided into at least two subcomponent processes that index item-based storage and currently prioritized spatial locations. This fractionation of working memory is based on recent research that has found that the maintenance of information distinctly relies on item-based representations as well as prioritization of spatial locations. It is hoped that this updated framework of the definition of working memory within the embedded-processes model provides further traction for understanding how we maintain information in mind.

Case-method teaching: advantages and disadvantages in organizational training

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naghi Radi Afsouran ◽  
Morteza Charkhabi ◽  
Seyed Ali Siadat ◽  
Reza Hoveida ◽  
Hamid Reza Oreyzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Real World ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Case Method ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Organizational Training ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Individual

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce case-method teaching (CMT), its advantages and disadvantages for the process of organizational training within organizations, as well as to compare its advantages and disadvantages with current training methods. Design/methodology/approach The authors applied a systematic literature review to define, identify and compare CMT with current methods. Findings In CMT, participants get involved with real-world challenges from an action perspective instead of analyzing them from a distance. Also, different reactions of the participants to the same challenge aid instructors to identify the individual differences of participants toward the challenge. Although CMT is still not considered as a popular organizational training method, the advantages of CMT may encourage organizational instructors to further apply it. Improving the long-term memory, enhancing the quality of decision making and understanding the individual differences of individuals are the advantages of CMT. Research limitations/implications A lack of sufficient empirical researchers and the high cost of conducting this method may prevent practitioners to apply it. Originality/value The review suggested that CMT is able to bring dilemmas from the real world into training settings. Also, it helps organizations to identify the individual reactions before they make a decision.

Organizational knowledge transfer: creating new knowledge from old knowledge

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Moura ◽  
Álvaro Dias ◽  
Célia Quintas ◽  
Dilar Costa
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Personal Belief ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Business Competitiveness

The definition of knowledge supported by Nonakae Takeuchi (1995) considers that it is a human process that allows justifying personal belief about the truth. The individual is an integral part and is inseparable from knowledge. The authors also distinguish explicit knowledge, which can be expressed in words and numbers, and tacit knowledge, that is held by the individual in the form of know-how, and can be identified through their habits, behaviors, emotions, values and ideas.However, there is a wealth of professional knowledge in qualified people that are apart from active life voluntarily or involuntarily, through unemployment or retirement. This source of knowledge could be (re)transformed into new sources of competitiveness for organizations.In this context, this paper seeks to present the results of an exploratory study, orientated to identify knowledge transfer processes, from pensioners and long-term unemployed, to business professionals and companies, through the adaptation of mentoring programs. Five thematic areas of knowledge transfer were considered and selected as key areas of organizational competitiveness: Entrepreneurship, Innovation, Cooperation, Distribution, and Exportation.We consider this work relevant to the extent that the processes of change, caused by world crisis, tend to split fundamental knowledge that must be preserved. With the emergence of the knowledge society, we face problems, uncertainties and challenges arising not only from the financial crises and economic recessions, but also from the social transformations that we have seen in the processes of globalization, demographic change, technological revolution and the single currency, among others.The various transformations mentioned have produced paradoxical impacts, in particular job and knowledge management and the organization of work and working time. Such changes imply that researchers find new ways to a more holistic and human-centered organization.To realize our study we constructed a methodology of knowledge transfer, largely inspired by the work of Peet, Walsh, Rawak & Sober (2010).Our methodology comprised several steps: ( a) identify the knowledge, ( b ) access to persons owning knowledge, ( c ) integrating knowledge in projects, ( d ) combine ideas and initiatives, (e ) relaying knowledge, ( f ) enhance and apply knowledge.The experiential processes developed under this study give companies a large potential to be able to achieve their change objectives, incorporate new knowledge and increase their competitiveness. In this vein, we concluded that our methodology of knowledge transfer was effective as a mean for learning and to operationalize the knowledge held by mentors in strategic areas in the field of entrepreneurship, innovation and cooperation. We also concluded, by the duration of the project and through the measurement of the effects of knowledge transfer and its return in terms of effective improvement of business competitiveness, that it must be applied on a time scale projected in the medium and long term.

Dynamic Visual Noise Interferes with Storage in Visual Working Memory

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham M. Dean ◽  
Stephen A. Dewhurst ◽  
Annalise Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Visual Noise ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Dynamic Visual Noise ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Different Levels

Several studies have demonstrated that dynamic visual noise (DVN) does not interfere with memory for random matrices. This has led to suggestions that (a) visual working memory is distinct from imagery, and (b) visual working memory is not a gateway between sensory input and long-term storage. A comparison of the interference effects of DVN with memory for matrices and colored textures shows that DVN can interfere with visual working memory, probably at a level of visual detail not easily supported by long-term memory structures or the recoding of the visual pattern elements. The results support a gateway model of visuospatial working memory and raise questions about the most appropriate ways to measure and model the different levels of representation of information that can be held in visual working memory.

scholarly journals Long-Term Humoral Immune Response against SARS-CoV-2 after Natural Infection and Subsequent Vaccination According to WHO International Binding Antibody Units (BAU/mL)

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2336
Author(s):  
Natalia Ruetalo ◽  
Bertram Flehmig ◽  
Michael Schindler ◽  
Lutz Pridzun ◽  
Angelika Haage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
N Protein ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Reference Preparation ◽  
Binding Antibody ◽  
One Year ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The new WHO reference standard allows for the definition of serum antibodies against various SARS-CoV-2 antigens in terms of binding antibody units (BAU/mL) and thus to compare the results of different ELISA systems. In this study, the concentration of antibodies (ABs) against both the S- and the N-protein of SARS-CoV-2 as well as serum neutralization activity were evaluated in three patients after a mild course of COVID-19. Serum samples were collected frequently during a period of over one year. Furthermore, in two individuals, the effects of an additional vaccination with a mRNA vaccine containing the S1-RBD sequence on these antibodies were examined. After natural infection, the antibodies (IgA, IgG) against the S1-protein remained elevated above the established cut-off to positivity (S-IgA 60 BAU/mL and S-IgG 50 BAU/mL, respectively) for over a year in all patients, while this was not the case for ABs against the N-protein (cut-off N-IgG 40 BAU/mL, N-IgA 256 BAU/mL). Sera from all patients retained the ability to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 for more than a year. Vaccination resulted in a rapid boost of antibodies to S1-protein but, as expected, not to the N-protein. Most likely, the wide use of the WHO reference preparation will be very useful in determining the individual immune status of patients after an infection with SARS-CoV-2 or after vaccination.

scholarly journals Presentation as an efficient component in the organization of students’ individual work in learning English

2021 ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
L. O. Okunkova ◽  
◽  
D. A. Bashynska ◽  
Ye. O. Okunkova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Individual Work ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Learning English

The article is devoted to defining the role of presentation as an efficient component in the organization of students’ individual work in learning English. The development of creative abilities of the individual in the modern educational space is considered to be more effective with the use of presentations during display topics individual work. The article emphasizes that individual work is an individual search for educational material according to the topic of study, which allows students to be creative. The work pays attention to creativity, which is not only the search for the latest, extraordinary ideas but also the appropriate use of already studied material. Despite the large number of project methods related to speaking, writing and other communicative approaches to mastering foreign language communication, the presentational method is considered to be the main component in the preparation of individual work. The article highlights the fact that such activities teach students to speak in public, to feel the audience, to respond adequately to criticism, to answer provocative questions and to respond to various remarks with a sense of humor. The most important thing in the presentation work is the result, which satisfies both parties: the speaker and the evaluator. The article identifies the role of slides as visual aids that attract students' attention, develop long-term memory, and encourage a creative approach in choosing material for demonstration. The article also focuses on the possibility of using computer technology, typical for modern youth, during distance learning or learning on an individual schedule.

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